NIO阻塞式和非阻塞式

使用NIO完成网络通信的三个核心

1.通道（Channel）：负责连接
java.nio.channel.Channel接口：
|–SelectableChannel
|–SocketChannel
|–ServerSocketChannel
|–DatagramChannel
|–Pipe.SinkChannel
|–Pipe.SourceChannel
2.缓冲区（Buffer）：负责数据的存取
3.选择器（Selector）：是SelectableChannel的多路复用器，用于监控SelectableChannel的IO状况

非阻塞式

==例一：使用SocketChannel ==

public class TestNoBlockingNIO {

    //客户端
    @Test
    public void client() throws IOException {
        //1.获取通道
        SocketChannel sChannel = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9898));

        //2.切换非阻塞模式
        sChannel.configureBlocking(false);

        //3.分配指定大小的缓冲区
        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

        //4.发送数据给服务端
        buf.put(new Date().toString().getBytes());
        buf.flip();
        sChannel.write(buf);
        buf.clear();

        //5.关闭通道
        sChannel.close();


    }

    //服务端
    @Test
    public void server() throws IOException {
        //1.获取通道
        ServerSocketChannel ssChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();

        //2.切换非阻塞模式
        ssChannel.configureBlocking(false);

        //3.绑定链接
        ssChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(9898));

        //4.获取选择器
        Selector selector = Selector.open();

        //5.将通道注册到选择器,并且制定"接收事件"
        ssChannel.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);//非阻塞式

        //6.轮询式的获取选择器上已经“准备就绪”的事件
        while (selector.select() > 0){
            //7.获取当前选择器中所有注册的“选择键（已就绪的监听事件）”
            Iterator<SelectionKey> it = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();

            while (it.hasNext()){
                //8.获取准备“就绪”的事件
                SelectionKey sk = it.next();

                //9.判断具体是什么事件准备就绪
                if(sk.isAcceptable()){
                    //10.若”接收就绪“，获取客户端链接
                    SocketChannel sChannel = ssChannel.accept();

                    //11.切换非阻塞模式
                    sChannel.configureBlocking(false);

                    //12.将该通道注册到选择器上
                    sChannel.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_READ);

                }else if(sk.isReadable()){
                    //13.获取当前选择器上“该就绪”状态的通道
                    SocketChannel sChannel = (SocketChannel)sk.channel();

                    //14.读取数据
                    ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

                    int len = 0;
                    while ((len = sChannel.read(buf)) > 0){
                        buf.flip();
                        System.out.println(new String(buf.array(),0,len));
                        buf.clear();
                    }
                }

                //15.取消选择键SelectionKey
                it.remove();

            }
        }
    }
}

例二：使用DatagramChannel

public class TestNonBlockingNIO2 {

    @Test
    public void send() throws IOException{
        DatagramChannel dc = DatagramChannel.open();
        dc.configureBlocking(false);
        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        while (sc.hasNext()){
            String str = sc.next();
            buf.put((new Date().toString()+"\n"+str).getBytes());
            buf.flip();
            dc.send(buf,new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",9898));
            buf.clear();
        }
        dc.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void receive() throws IOException{
        DatagramChannel dc = DatagramChannel.open();

        dc.configureBlocking(false);
        dc.bind(new InetSocketAddress(9898));
        Selector selector = Selector.open();
        dc.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_READ);
        while (selector.select() > 0){
            Iterator<SelectionKey> it = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();

            while (it.hasNext()){
                SelectionKey sk = it.next();
                if(sk.isReadable()){
                    ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
                    dc.receive(buf);
                    buf.flip();
                    System.out.println(new String(buf.array(),0,buf.limit()));
                    buf.clear();
                }
            }
            it.remove();
        }
    }

}

阻塞式

例一：

public class TestBlockingNIO {

    //客户端
    @Test
    public void client() throws IOException {
        //1.获取通道
        SocketChannel sChannel = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9898));

        FileChannel inChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("1.png"), StandardOpenOption.READ);


        //2.分配指定大小的缓冲区
        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

        //3.读取本地文件，并达到服务端
        while (inChannel.read(buf) != -1){
            buf.flip();
            sChannel.write(buf);
            buf.clear();
        }

        //4.关闭通道
        inChannel.close();
        sChannel.close();


    }
    
    //服务端
    @Test
    public void server() throws IOException {
        //1.获取通道
        ServerSocketChannel ssChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();

        FileChannel outChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("2.png"), StandardOpenOption.WRITE,StandardOpenOption.CREATE);

        //2.绑定链接
        ssChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(9898));

        //3.获取客户端链接的通道
        SocketChannel sChannel = ssChannel.accept();//阻塞式

        //4.分配大小的缓冲区
        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

        //5.接收客户端数据，并保存到本地
        while (sChannel.read(buf) != -1){
            buf.flip();
            outChannel.write(buf);
            buf.clear();
        }

        //6.关闭通道
        outChannel.close();
        sChannel.close();
    }
}

例二：

public class TestBlockingNIO2 {

    //客户端
    @Test
    public void cilent() throws IOException {
        SocketChannel sChannel = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9898));
        FileChannel inChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("1.png"), StandardOpenOption.READ);

        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

        while(inChannel.read(buf) != -1){
            buf.flip();
            sChannel.write(buf);
            buf.clear();
        }

        sChannel.shutdownOutput();

        //接收服务端的反馈
        int len = 0;
        while ((len = sChannel.read(buf)) != -1){
            buf.flip();
            System.out.println(new String(buf.array(),0,len));
            buf.clear();
        }

        inChannel.close();
        sChannel.close();

    }
    
    //服务端
    @Test
    public void server() throws IOException {
        ServerSocketChannel ssChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        FileChannel outChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("3.png"), StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
        ssChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(9898));
        SocketChannel sChannel = ssChannel.accept();//阻塞式

        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        while (sChannel.read(buf) != -1){
            buf.flip();
            outChannel.write(buf);
            buf.clear();
        }

        //发送反馈给客户端
        buf.put("服务端接收数据成功".getBytes());
        buf.flip();
        sChannel.write(buf);

        sChannel.close();
        outChannel.close();
        ssChannel.close();
    }
}