Mybatis复杂查询（一对多，多对一）

Mybatis实现复杂查询

1.多对一处理

• 多个学生对应一个老师
• 从学生角度为多对一

数据库设计

CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO teacher(`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, '秦老师');

CREATE TABLE `student` (
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `fktid` (`tid`),
CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8


INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('1', '小明', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('2', '小红', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('3', '小张', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('4', '小李', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('5', '小王', '1');

搭建测试环境

1. 引入Lombok依赖

< dependency>
    < groupId>org.projectlombok< /groupId>
    < artifactId>lombok< /artifactId>
    < version>1.18.22< /version>
    < scope>compile< /scope>
< /dependency>

2. 在实体类中添加注解

• Student表实体类

/**
 * Student表实体类
 * @author 刘淳
 */
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private Teacher teacher;
}

• Teacher表实体类

/**
 * Teacher表实体类
 * @author 刘淳
 */
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
}

3. 编写对应Mapper接口

• Student类Mapper接口

/**
 * Student类Mapper接口
 * @author 刘淳
 */
public interface StudentMapper {
}

• Teacher类Mapper接口

/**
 * Teacher类Mapper接口
 * @author 刘淳
 */
public interface TeacherMapper {
}

4. 编写Mapper接口对应的Mapper.xml文件

• StudentMapper.xml

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< !DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
< mapper namespace="ltd.lccyj.mapper.StudentMapper">

< /mapper>

• TeacherMapper.xml

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< !DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
< mapper namespace="ltd.lccyj.mapper.TeacherMapper">

< /mapper>

需求：获取所有学生以及对应老师的信息

1.按结果嵌套处理

对应SQL处理方式： 联表查询

SELECT s.id sid, s.name sname,t.name tname
FROM student s, teacher t
WHERE s.tid = t.id

• Mapper接口方法

List< Student> getStudent();

• Mapper.xml

< resultMap id="Student" type="Student">
    < id property="id" column="sid"/>
    < result property="name" column="sname"/>
    < association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
        < id property="id" column="tid"/>
        < result property="name" column="tname"/>
    < /association>
< /resultMap>

< select id="getStudent" resultMap="Student">
    select s.id sid,s.name sname,s.tid ,t.name tname from student s,teacher t where s.tid=t.id
< /select>

• 测试方法

@Test
public void getStudent(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
    List< Student> studentList = mapper.getStudent();
    for (Student student : studentList) {
        System.out.println(student);
    }
}

2.按查询嵌套处理

对应SQL处理方式：嵌套查询

• Mapper接口方法

List< Student> getStudent();

• Mapper.xml

< resultMap id="Student" type="Student">
    < association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacherById"/>
< /resultMap>

< select id="getStudent" resultMap="Student">
    select * from student
< /select>

< select id="getTeacherById" resultType="Teacher">
    select * from teacher where id=#{id}
< /select>

• 测试方法

@Test
public void getStudent(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
    List< Student> studentList = mapper.getStudent();
    for (Student student : studentList) {
        System.out.println(student);
    }
}

2. 一对多处理

• 一个老师对应多个学生
• 从老师角度为一对多关系

搭建测试环境

• 除实体类外都与原先一致
• Student实体类

/**
 * Student表实体类
 * @author 刘淳
 */
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int tid;
}

• Teacher实体类

/**
 * Teacher表实体类
 * @author 刘淳
 */
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private List< Student> studentList;
}

需求：获取指定的老师和老师下的所有学生

1.按结果嵌套处理

对应SQL处理方式： 联表查询

select t.id,t.name tname,s.id sid,s.name sname
from student s,teacher t
where s.tid=t.id

• Mapper接口方法

Teacher getTeacherById(int id);

• Mapper.xml

< resultMap id="Teacher" type="Teacher">
    < id property="id" column="id"/>
    < result property="name" column="tname"/>
    < collection property="studentList" ofType="Student">
        < id property="id" column="sid"/>
        < result property="name" column="sname"/>
        < result property="tid" column="id"/>
    < /collection>
< /resultMap>
< select id="getTeacherById" resultMap="Teacher">
    select t.id ,t.name tname,s.id sid,s.name sname
    from student s,teacher t
    where s.tid=t.id and t.id=#{id}
< /select>

• 测试方法

@Test
public void getStudent(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
    List< Student> studentList = mapper.getStudent();
    for (Student student : studentList) {
        System.out.println(student);
    }
}

2.按查询嵌套处理

对应SQL处理方式：嵌套查询

Mapper接口方法

Teacher getTeacherById(int id);

• Mapper.xml

< resultMap id="Teacher" type="Teacher">
    < collection property="studentList" column="id"  javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" select="getStudentByTid"/>
< /resultMap>
< select id="getTeacherById" resultMap="Teacher">
    select * from teacher where id=#{id}
< /select>

< select id="getStudentByTid" resultType="Student">
    select * from student where tid=#{id}
< /select>

• 测试方法

@Test
public void getTeacherById(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
    Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacherById(1);
    System.out.println(teacher);
}

3. 小结

association–关联: 用于一对一与多对一

**collection–集合：**用于一对多

**JavaType：**用于指定pojo中属性的类型

**ofType：**用于指定映射到list集合属性中pojo的类型