先来看一下效果
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/09e13e0f27d325b4e67bf7e31d60cd5e.webp?x-image-process=image/format,png)
111.gif
这是通过调用iOS的陀螺仪和加速度计。通过倾斜手机实现的效果
Core Motion
加速度计和陀螺仪是通过Core Motion框架,来管理访问的。此框架提供了CMMotionManager类,它提供的数据都是用来描述设备的移动的。还提供了CMAccelerometerData和CMGroData,他们可以访问原生的加速度计和陀螺仪信息。另外还有CMDeviceMotion,这个类里面包含有加速度计和陀螺仪的测量数据,以及方位信息。即设备是平放,朝上,朝下,还是朝左等信息。话不多说还是直接上代码。
先来个坐标系作为参考
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/0d19e9252f7cd42c50ab144bcd92e3e9.webp?x-image-process=image/format,png)
屏幕快照 2016-07-09 下午5.24.42.png
看一下各项数据
#define kUpdateInterval (1.f / 60.f)//定义一个更新时间
@property (nonatomic,strong)CMMotionManager *motionManager;
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSOperationQueue *quene;
//声明一个线程
self.motionManager = [[CMMotionManager alloc]init];
NSOperationQueue *quene = [[NSOperationQueue alloc]init];
初始化一个线程,动作管理器需要一个单独的线程来运行,以便在每次发生事件时放入要执行的工作。苹果文档之处不要放在默认队列,可能会被事件填满,无法处理别的事件
if (self.motionManager.deviceMotionAvailable) {
self.motionManager.deviceMotionUpdateInterval = 0.1;
//设置更新数据的时间间隔
[self.motionManager startDeviceMotionUpdatesToQueue: quene withHandler:^(CMDeviceMotion * _Nullable motion, NSError * _Nullable error) {
CMRotationRate rotationRate = motion.rotationRate;
//旋转速率对应x,y,z分别是设备绕x,y,z 轴(上面有图参考)
的旋转速率,顺时针为正,逆时针为负
CMAcceleration gravity = motion.gravity;
//自然加速度,可是识别手机的放置方向,设备平放在桌上,z=-1;
屏幕朝左侧立,x = -1;充电口朝下垂直放置,y=-1
CMAcceleration userAcc = motion.userAcceleration;
//用户运动手机造成的加速度,分别向xyz方向运动时,正向时即为正值
CMAttitude *attitude = motion.attitude;
//设备的旋转程度,也可以理解为设备绕xyz轴旋转的程度,单位是
弧度,即旋转一周的值为2π,手机绕举个例子:把手机平放在桌面上,
旋转手机Yaw(偏移)开始变化,旋转180°时yaw = 3.14;
绕Y轴旋转时Roll变化;绕X轴旋转时Pitch变化(方向不在多做讨论,参考系不一样,没法统一)
NSString *gyroscopeText = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Rotation:\n x = %.2f\n y = %.2f\n
z = %.2f",rotationRate.x,rotationRate.y,rotationRate.z];
NSString *acceleratiorText = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Accelertion: \n Gravity x = %.2f\tUser x = %.2f
\n Gravity y = %.2f\tUser y = %.2f \n Gravity z = %.2f\tUser z = %.2f \n",gravity.x,userAcc.x,gravity.y,userAcc.y,gravity.z,userAcc.z];
NSString *attitudeText = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Attitute:\n Roll = %.2f\nPitch = %.2f
\nYaw = %.2f\n",attitude.roll,attitude.pitch,attitude.yaw];
// NSLog(@"%@",gyroscopeText);
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
_gyroscopeLabel.text = gyroscopeText;
_accelerometerLabel.text = acceleratiorText;
_attitudeLabel.text = attitudeText;
});
}];
}
然后我们来做一个Demo
controller中代码实现
#define kUpdateInterval (1.f / 60.f)//更新频率高一点
@interface BallViewController ()
@property (nonatomic,strong)CMMotionManager *motionManager;
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSOperationQueue *quene;
@end
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
BallView *ballView = [[BallView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
//自己写的类继承自UIView
[self.view addSubview:ballView];
self.motionManager = [[CMMotionManager alloc]init];
self.quene = [[NSOperationQueue alloc]init];
self.motionManager.deviceMotionUpdateInterval = kUpdateInterval;
[self.motionManager startDeviceMotionUpdatesToQueue:_quene withHandler:^(CMDeviceMotion * _Nullable motion, NSError * _Nullable error) {
//此处也可以传入motion.userAcceleration。(用户移动手机产生的加速度)这样就可以实现摇动来控制(ballView里面的放大倍数记得要改大一点)
[ballView setAcceleration:motion.gravity];
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[ballView update];
//主线程更新UI
});
}];
}
BallView的实现
.h文件
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <CoreMotion/CoreMotion.h>
@interface BallView : UIView
@property (nonatomic,assign)CMAcceleration acceleration;
- (void)update;
@end
.m文件
@interface BallView ()
@property (nonatomic,assign)CGFloat width;
@property (nonatomic,assign)CGFloat height;
@property (nonatomic,assign)CGFloat imageWidth;
@property (nonatomic,assign)CGFloat imageHeight;
@property (nonatomic,strong)UIImage *image;
@property (nonatomic,strong)UIImageView *imageView;
@property (nonatomic,assign)CGPoint currentPoint;//当前ImageView位置
@property (nonatomic,assign)CGFloat ballXVelocity;//X方向速度
@property (nonatomic,assign)CGFloat ballYVelocity;//Y方向速度
@end
@implementation BallView
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame{
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if (self) {
[self commoninit];
self.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
}
return self;
}
- (void)commoninit{
self.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"btn_nav04@3x"];
self.imageView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.imageWidth, self.imageHeight)];
self.imageView.image = _image;
[self addSubview:self.imageView];
self.currentPoint = CGPointMake(self.bounds.size.width/2.f+self.image.size.width/2.f, self.bounds.size.height/2.f+self.image.size.height/2.f);
self.imageView.center = _currentPoint;
}
- (void)setCurrentPoint:(CGPoint)newPoint{
self.previousePoint = self.currentPoint;
_currentPoint = newPoint;
//边缘判断
if (self.currentPoint.x <= self.imageWidth/2.f) {
_currentPoint.x = self.imageWidth/2.f;
self.ballXVelocity = -_ballXVelocity/2.f;
//反弹效果,接触边缘后加速度反向减半
}
if (self.currentPoint.y <= self.imageHeight/2.f) {
_currentPoint.y = self.imageHeight/2.f;
self.ballYVelocity = -_ballYVelocity/2.f;
//反弹效果,接触边缘后加速度反向减半
}
if (self.currentPoint.x >= self.width -self.imageWidth/2.f ) {
_currentPoint.x = self.width -self.imageWidth/2.f;
self.ballXVelocity = -_ballXVelocity/2.f;
//反弹效果,接触边缘后加速度反向减半
}
if (self.currentPoint.y >= self.height -self.imageHeight/2.f ) {
_currentPoint.y = self.height -self.imageHeight/2.f;
self.ballYVelocity = -_ballYVelocity/2.f;
//反弹效果,接触边缘后加速度反向减半
}
[self updateCenter];
}
- (void)updateCenter{
self.imageView.center = _currentPoint;
}
- (void)update{
static NSDate *lastUpdateTime = nil;
if (lastUpdateTime != nil) {
NSTimeInterval secondsSinceLastDraw = [[NSDate date] timeIntervalSinceDate:lastUpdateTime];//两次更新的时间差
self.ballXVelocity = self.ballXVelocity + (self.acceleration.x * secondsSinceLastDraw);
//X方向上原速度加上加速度乘以时间,计算当前速度
self.ballYVelocity = self.ballYVelocity - (self.acceleration.y * secondsSinceLastDraw);
//Y方向上原速度加上加速度乘以时间,计算当前速度
CGFloat xAccel = secondsSinceLastDraw * self.ballXVelocity * 1000;
//计算位置变化量。由于这个值很小,所以我们要放大一些才更加真实此处
//若想使用摇动,要把放大倍数调大,10000效果不错
CGFloat yAccel = secondsSinceLastDraw * self.ballYVelocity * 1000;
self.currentPoint = CGPointMake(self.currentPoint.x + xAccel, self.currentPoint.y + yAccel);
}
lastUpdateTime = [NSDate date];
}
#pragma mark - widthAndHeight
- (CGFloat)width{
return self.bounds.size.width;
}
- (CGFloat)height{
return self.bounds.size.height;
}
- (CGFloat)imageWidth{
return self.image.size.width;
}
- (CGFloat)imageHeight{
return self.image.size.height;
}
这样你就可以实现,倾斜手机来移动图片,就像真是的重力产生的效果一样。同样也可以实现,摇动的效果。(就像安卓的360原来的版本有个摇动的球清理内存那样的效果)。
如需转载请注明出处,请尊重作者的劳动成果。
文/_南山忆(简书作者)
原文链接:http://www.jianshu.com/p/0718f30b416e
著作权归作者所有,转载请联系作者获得授权,并标注“简书作者”。
原文链接:http://www.jianshu.com/p/0718f30b416e
著作权归作者所有,转载请联系作者获得授权,并标注“简书作者”。