近期有一个自定义View的功能，类似于仪表盘的模型，可以将指针动态指定到某一个刻度上，话不多说，先上图
先说下思路
1.先获取自定义的一些属性，初始化一些资源
2.在onMeasure中测量控件的具体大小
3.然后就在onDraw中先绘制有渐变色的圆弧形色带
4.再绘制几个大的刻度和刻度值
5.再绘制两个大刻度之间的小刻度
6.再绘制处于正中间的圆和三角形指针
7.最后绘制实时值
其实这也从侧面体现了一个自定义view的流程
1.继承View，重写构造方法
2.加载自定义属性和其它资源
3.重写onMeasure方法去确定控件的大小
4.重写onDraw方法去绘制
5.如果有点击事件的话，还得重写onTouchEvent或者dispatchTouchEvent去处理点击事件
来上代码吧，具体注释已经写的很详细了
public class NoiseboardView extends View {
final String TAG = "NoiseboardView";
private int mRadius; // 圆弧半径
private int mBigSliceCount; // 大份数
private int mScaleCountInOneBigScale; // 相邻两个大刻度之间的小刻度个数
private int mScaleColor; // 刻度颜色
private int mScaleTextSize; // 刻度字体大小
private String mUnitText = ""; // 单位
private int mUnitTextSize; // 单位字体大小
private int mMinValue; // 最小值
private int mMaxValue; // 最大值
private int mRibbonWidth; // 色条宽
private int mStartAngle; // 起始角度
private int mSweepAngle; // 扫过角度
private int mPointerRadius; // 三角形指针半径
private int mCircleRadius; // 中心圆半径
private float mRealTimeValue = 0.0f; // 实时值
private int mBigScaleRadius; // 大刻度半径
private int mSmallScaleRadius; // 小刻度半径
private int mNumScaleRadius; // 数字刻度半径
private int mViewColor_green; // 字体颜色
private int mViewColor_yellow; // 字体颜色
private int mViewColor_orange; // 字体颜色
private int mViewColor_red; // 字体颜色
private int mViewWidth; // 控件宽度
private int mViewHeight; // 控件高度
private float mCenterX;//中心点圆坐标x
private float mCenterY;//中心点圆坐标y
private Paint mPaintScale;//圆盘上大小刻度画笔
private Paint mPaintScaleText;//圆盘上刻度值画笔
private Paint mPaintCirclePointer;//绘制中心圆，指针
private Paint mPaintValue;//绘制实时值
private Paint mPaintRibbon;//绘制色带
private RectF mRectRibbon;//存储色带的矩形数据
private Rect mRectScaleText;//存储刻度值的矩形数据
private Path path;//绘制指针的路径
private int mSmallScaleCount; // 小刻度总数
private float mBigScaleAngle; // 相邻两个大刻度之间的角度
private float mSmallScaleAngle; // 相邻两个小刻度之间的角度
private String[] mGraduations; // 每个大刻度的刻度值
private float initAngle;//指针实时角度
private SweepGradient mSweepGradient ;//设置渐变
private int[] color = new int[7];//渐变颜色组
public NoiseboardView(Context context) {
this(context, null);
}
public NoiseboardView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
this(context, attrs, 0);
}
public NoiseboardView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
//自定义属性
TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.NoiseboardView, defStyleAttr, 0);
mRadius = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.NoiseboardView_radius, dpToPx(80));
mBigSliceCount = a.getInteger(R.styleable.NoiseboardView_bigSliceCount, 5);
mScaleCountInOneBigScale = a.getInteger(R.styleable.NoiseboardView_sliceCountInOneBigSlice, 5);
mScaleColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.NoiseboardView_scaleColor, Color.WHITE);
mScaleTextSize = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.NoiseboardView_scaleTextSize, spToPx(12));
mUnitText = a.getString(R.styleable.NoiseboardView_unitText);
mUnitTextSize = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.NoiseboardView_unitTextSize, spToPx(14));
mMinValue = a.getInteger(R.styleable.NoiseboardView_minValue, 0);
mMaxValue = a.getInteger(R.styleable.NoiseboardView_maxValue, 150);
mRibbonWidth = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.NoiseboardView_ribbonWidth, 0);
a.recycle();
init();
}
private void init() {
//起始角度是从水平正方向即（钟表3点钟方向）开始从0算的，扫过的角度是按顺时针方向算
mStartAngle = 175;
mSweepAngle = 190;
mPointerRadius = mRadius / 3 * 2;
mCircleRadius = mRadius / 17;
mSmallScaleRadius = mRadius - dpToPx(10);
mBigScaleRadius = mRadius - dpToPx(18);
mNumScaleRadius = mRadius - dpToPx(20);
mSmallScaleCount = mBigSliceCount * 5;
mBigScaleAngle = mSweepAngle / (float) mBigSliceCount;
mSmallScaleAngle = mBigScaleAngle / mScaleCountInOneBigScale;
mGraduations = getMeasureNumbers();
//确定控件的宽度 padding值，在构造方法执行完就被赋值
mViewWidth = getPaddingLeft() + mRadius * 2 + getPaddingRight() + dpToPx(4);
mViewHeight = mViewWidth;
mCenterX = mViewWidth / 2.0f;
mCenterY = mViewHeight / 2.0f;
mPaintScale = new Paint();
mPaintScale.setAntiAlias(true);
mPaintScale.setColor(mScaleColor);
mPaintScale.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mPaintScale.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
mPaintScaleText = new Paint();
mPaintScaleText.setAntiAlias(true);
mPaintScaleText.setColor(mScaleColor);
mPaintScaleText.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mPaintCirclePointer = new Paint();
mPaintCirclePointer.setAntiAlias(true);
mRectScaleText = new Rect();
path = new Path();
mPaintValue = new Paint();
mPaintValue.setAntiAlias(true);
mPaintValue.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mPaintValue.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
mPaintValue.setTextSize(mUnitTextSize);
initAngle = getAngleFromResult(mRealTimeValue);
mViewColor_green = getResources().getColor(R.color.green_value);
mViewColor_yellow = getResources().getColor(R.color.yellow_value);
mViewColor_orange = getResources().getColor(R.color.orange_value);
mViewColor_red = getResources().getColor(R.color.red_value);
color[0] = mViewColor_red;
color[1] = mViewColor_red;
color[2] = mViewColor_green;
color[3] = mViewColor_green;
color[4] = mViewColor_yellow;
color[5] = mViewColor_orange;
color[6] = mViewColor_red;
//色带画笔
mPaintRibbon = new Paint();
mPaintRibbon.setAntiAlias(true);
mPaintRibbon.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mPaintRibbon.setStrokeWidth(mRibbonWidth);
mSweepGradient = new SweepGradient(mCenterX, mCenterY,color,null);
mPaintRibbon.setShader(mSweepGradient);//设置渐变 从X轴正方向取color数组颜色开始渐变
if (mRibbonWidth > 0) {
int r = mRadius - mRibbonWidth / 2 + dpToPx(1) ;
mRectRibbon = new RectF(mCenterX - r, mCenterY - r, mCenterX + r, mCenterY + r);
}
}
/**
* 确定每个大刻度的值
* @return
*/
private String[] getMeasureNumbers() {
String[] strings = new String[mBigSliceCount + 1];
for (int i = 0; i <= mBigSliceCount; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
strings[i] = String.valueOf(mMinValue);
} else if (i == mBigSliceCount) {
strings[i] = String.valueOf(mMaxValue);
} else {
strings[i] = String.valueOf(((mMaxValue - mMinValue) / mBigSliceCount) * i);
}
}
return strings;
}
/**
* <dt>UNSPECIFIED : 0 << 30 = 0</dt>
* <dd>
* 父控件没有对子控件做限制，子控件可以是自己想要的尺寸
* 其实就是子空间在布局里没有设置宽高，但布局里添加控件都要设置宽高，所以这种情况暂时没碰到
* </dd>
*
* <dt>EXACTLY : 1 << 30 = 1073741824</dt>
* <dd>
* 父控件给子控件决定了确切大小，子控件将被限定在给定的边界里。
* 如果是填充父窗体(match_parent)，说明父控件已经明确知道子控件想要多大的尺寸了，也是这种模式
* </dd>
*
* <dt>AT_MOST : 2 << 30 = -2147483648</dt>
* <dd>
* 在布局设置wrap_content，父控件并不知道子控件到底需要多大尺寸（具体值），
* 需要子控件在onMeasure测量之后再让父控件给他一个尽可能大的尺寸以便让内容全部显示
* 如果在onMeasure没有指定控件大小，默认会填充父窗体，因为在view的onMeasure源码中，
* AT_MOST（相当于wrap_content ）和EXACTLY （相当于match_parent ）两种情况返回的测量宽高都是specSize，
* 而这个specSize正是父控件剩余的宽高，所以默认onMeasure方法中wrap_content 和match_parent 的效果是一样的，都是填充剩余的空间。
* </dd>
*
* @param widthMeasureSpec
* @param heightMeasureSpec
*/
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);//从约束规范中获取模式
int widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);//从约束规范中获取尺寸
int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
//在布局中设置了具体值
if (widthMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)
mViewWidth = widthSize;
//在布局中设置 wrap_content，控件就取能完全展示内容的宽度（同时需要考虑屏幕的宽度）
if (widthMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST)
mViewWidth = Math.min(mViewWidth, widthSize);
if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
mViewHeight = heightSize;
} else {
float[] point1 = getCoordinatePoint(mRadius, mStartAngle);
float[] point2 = getCoordinatePoint(mRadius, mStartAngle + mSweepAngle);
float maxY = Math.max(Math.abs(point1[1]) - mCenterY, Math.abs(point2[1]) - mCenterY);
float f = mCircleRadius + dpToPx(2) + dpToPx(25) ;
float max = Math.max(maxY, f);
mViewHeight = (int) (max + mRadius + getPaddingTop() + getPaddingBottom() + dpToPx(2) * 2);
if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST)
mViewHeight = Math.min(mViewHeight, heightSize);
}
//保存测量宽度和测量高度
setMeasuredDimension(mViewWidth, mViewHeight);
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
// 绘制色带
canvas.drawArc(mRectRibbon, 170, 199, false, mPaintRibbon);
mPaintScale.setStrokeWidth(dpToPx(2));
for (int i = 0; i <= mBigSliceCount; i++) {
//绘制大刻度
float angle = i * mBigScaleAngle + mStartAngle;
float[] point1 = getCoordinatePoint(mRadius, angle);
float[] point2 = getCoordinatePoint(mBigScaleRadius, angle);
canvas.drawLine(point1[0], point1[1], point2[0], point2[1], mPaintScale);
//绘制圆盘上的数字
mPaintScaleText.setTextSize(mScaleTextSize);
String number = mGraduations[i];
mPaintScaleText.getTextBounds(number, 0, number.length(), mRectScaleText);
if (angle % 360 > 135 && angle % 360 < 215) {
mPaintScaleText.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.LEFT);
} else if ((angle % 360 >= 0 && angle % 360 < 45) || (angle % 360 > 325 && angle % 360 <= 360)) {
mPaintScaleText.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.RIGHT);
} else {
mPaintScaleText.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
}
float[] numberPoint = getCoordinatePoint(mNumScaleRadius, angle);
if (i == 0 || i == mBigSliceCount) {
canvas.drawText(number, numberPoint[0], numberPoint[1] + (mRectScaleText.height() / 2), mPaintScaleText);
} else {
canvas.drawText(number, numberPoint[0], numberPoint[1] + mRectScaleText.height(), mPaintScaleText);
}
}
//绘制小的子刻度
mPaintScale.setStrokeWidth(dpToPx(1));
for (int i = 0; i < mSmallScaleCount; i++) {
if (i % mScaleCountInOneBigScale != 0) {
float angle = i * mSmallScaleAngle + mStartAngle;
float[] point1 = getCoordinatePoint(mRadius, angle);
float[] point2 = getCoordinatePoint(mSmallScaleRadius, angle);
mPaintScale.setStrokeWidth(dpToPx(1));
canvas.drawLine(point1[0], point1[1], point2[0], point2[1], mPaintScale);
}
}
if (mRealTimeValue <= 40) {
mPaintValue.setColor(mViewColor_green);
mPaintCirclePointer.setColor(mViewColor_green);
} else if (mRealTimeValue > 40 && mRealTimeValue <= 90) {
mPaintValue.setColor(mViewColor_yellow);
mPaintCirclePointer.setColor(mViewColor_yellow);
} else if (mRealTimeValue > 90 && mRealTimeValue <= 120) {
mPaintValue.setColor(mViewColor_orange);
mPaintCirclePointer.setColor(mViewColor_orange);
} else {
mPaintValue.setColor(mViewColor_red);
mPaintCirclePointer.setColor(mViewColor_red);
}
//绘制中心点的圆
mPaintCirclePointer.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mPaintCirclePointer.setStrokeWidth(dpToPx(4));
canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX, mCenterY, mCircleRadius + dpToPx(3), mPaintCirclePointer);
//绘制三角形指针
path.reset();
mPaintCirclePointer.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
float[] point1 = getCoordinatePoint(mCircleRadius / 2, initAngle + 90);
path.moveTo(point1[0], point1[1]);
float[] point2 = getCoordinatePoint(mCircleRadius / 2, initAngle - 90);
path.lineTo(point2[0], point2[1]);
float[] point3 = getCoordinatePoint(mPointerRadius, initAngle);
path.lineTo(point3[0], point3[1]);
path.close();
canvas.drawPath(path, mPaintCirclePointer);
// 绘制三角形指针底部的圆弧效果
canvas.drawCircle((point1[0] + point2[0]) / 2, (point1[1] + point2[1]) / 2, mCircleRadius / 2, mPaintCirclePointer);
//绘制实时值
canvas.drawText(trimFloat(mRealTimeValue)+" "+ mUnitText, mCenterX, mCenterY - mRadius / 3 , mPaintValue);
}
private int dpToPx(int dp) {
return (int) TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, dp, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
}
private int spToPx(int sp) {
return (int) TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_SP, sp, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
}
/**
* 依圆心坐标，半径，扇形角度，计算出扇形终射线与圆弧交叉点的xy坐标
*/
public float[] getCoordinatePoint(int radius, float cirAngle) {
float[] point = new float[2];
double arcAngle = Math.toRadians(cirAngle); //将角度转换为弧度
if (cirAngle < 90) {
point[0] = (float) (mCenterX + Math.cos(arcAngle) * radius);
point[1] = (float) (mCenterY + Math.sin(arcAngle) * radius);
} else if (cirAngle == 90) {
point[0] = mCenterX;
point[1] = mCenterY + radius;
} else if (cirAngle > 90 && cirAngle < 180) {
arcAngle = Math.PI * (180 - cirAngle) / 180.0;
point[0] = (float) (mCenterX - Math.cos(arcAngle) * radius);
point[1] = (float) (mCenterY + Math.sin(arcAngle) * radius);
} else if (cirAngle == 180) {
point[0] = mCenterX - radius;
point[1] = mCenterY;
} else if (cirAngle > 180 && cirAngle < 270) {
arcAngle = Math.PI * (cirAngle - 180) / 180.0;
point[0] = (float) (mCenterX - Math.cos(arcAngle) * radius);
point[1] = (float) (mCenterY - Math.sin(arcAngle) * radius);
} else if (cirAngle == 270) {
point[0] = mCenterX;
point[1] = mCenterY - radius;
} else {
arcAngle = Math.PI * (360 - cirAngle) / 180.0;
point[0] = (float) (mCenterX + Math.cos(arcAngle) * radius);
point[1] = (float) (mCenterY - Math.sin(arcAngle) * radius);
}
Log.e("getCoordinatePoint","radius="+radius+",cirAngle="+cirAngle+",point[0]="+point[0]+",point[1]="+point[1]);
return point;
}
/**
* 通过实时数值得到指针角度
*/
private float getAngleFromResult(float result) {
if (result > mMaxValue)
return 360.0f;
return mSweepAngle * (result - mMinValue) / (mMaxValue - mMinValue) + mStartAngle;
}
/**
* float类型如果小数点后为零则显示整数否则保留
*/
public static String trimFloat(float value) {
if (Math.round(value) - value == 0) {
return String.valueOf((long) value);
}
return String.valueOf(value);
}
public float getRealTimeValue() {
return mRealTimeValue;
}
/**
* 实时设置读数值
* @param realTimeValue
*/
public void setRealTimeValue(float realTimeValue) {
if (realTimeValue > mMaxValue) return;
mRealTimeValue = realTimeValue;
initAngle = getAngleFromResult(mRealTimeValue);
invalidate();
}
}
具体代码请看Github
没有梯子请点击这里下载
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