SpringBoot给容器中注册bean时常用注解

@Configuration和@Bean

• @Configuration
  标注在类上，告诉SpringBoot这是一个配置类。配置spring容器。在程序启动时加载。
• @Bean
  标注在方法上（返回一个对象的实例的方法），以方法名作为组件ID，相当于spring的xml配置文件的，作用是注册bean对象

@Configuration和@Bean 注解实践

创建Dog类

package com.minglei.springboot.bean;

public class Dog {
    private Integer Id;
    private String DogName;

    public Dog(Integer id, String dogName) {
        Id = id;
        DogName = dogName;
    }


    public Integer getId() {
        return Id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        Id = id;
    }

    public String getDogName() {
        return DogName;
    }

    public void setDogName(String dogName) {
        DogName = dogName;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog{" +
                "Id=" + Id +
                ", DogName='" + DogName + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

创建配置类

package com.minglei.springboot.config;

import com.minglei.springboot.bean.Dog;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class TestConfiguration {
    public TestConfiguration(){
        System.out.println("TestConfiguration.......已执行");
    }

    @Bean
    public Dog testDog(){
        return  new Dog(1,"tom");
    }

}

应用入口类

package com.minglei.springboot;

import com.minglei.springboot.bean.Dog;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Springboot03Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(Springboot03Application.class, args);
        Dog dog = run.getBean(Dog.class);
        System.out.println("拿到的bean信息"+dog);
    }

}

执行结果

@Import

给容器中自动创建出引入的组件

@Import实践

TestConfiguration类中引入Person类

package com.minglei.springboot.config;

import com.minglei.springboot.bean.Dog;
import com.minglei.springboot.bean.Person;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;

@Import({Person.class})
@Configuration
public class TestConfiguration {
    public TestConfiguration(){
        System.out.println("TestConfiguration.......已执行");
    }

    @Bean
    public Dog testDog(){
        return  new Dog(1,"tom");
    }

}

项目入口类

package com.minglei.springboot;

import com.minglei.springboot.bean.Dog;
import com.minglei.springboot.bean.Person;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Springboot03Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(Springboot03Application.class, args);
        Dog dog = run.getBean(Dog.class);
        System.out.println("拿到的bean信息"+dog);

        Person person = run.getBean(Person.class);
        System.out.println("person信息"+person);
    }

}

执行结果

@Conditional

条件装配，满足conditional指定的条件，则进行组件注入。
他是一个根注解，派生了多个功能注解

@ConditionalOnBean

当容器中存在指定的bean时候注解生效

@ConditionalOnBean实践

package com.minglei.springboot.config;

import com.minglei.springboot.bean.Dog;
import com.minglei.springboot.bean.Person;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;

@Import({Person.class})
@Configuration
public class TestConfiguration {
    public TestConfiguration(){
        System.out.println("TestConfiguration.......已执行");
    }

    @Bean
    public Dog testDog(){
        return  new Dog(1,"tom");
    }

    /**
     * 判断容器中是否包含testDog组件
     * @return
     */
    @ConditionalOnBean(name = "testDog")
    @Bean
    public Person testPerson(){
        return new Person();
    }

}

执行结果

@ConfigurationProperties

获取配置文件值。

实践

application.properties

server.port=8081
#配置的dog信息
mydog.id=100
mydog.dog-name=旺财

实体类

引用配置文件的值（使用@ConfigurationProperties注解时，需要先把类注入到容器中（添加注解@Component））

package com.minglei.springboot.bean;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

//引用配置文件的值（使用@ConfigurationProperties注解时，需要先把类注入到容器中（添加注解@Component））
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mydog")
public class Dog {
    private Integer Id;
    private String DogName;

    public Integer getId() {
        return Id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        Id = id;
    }

    public String getDogName() {
        return DogName;
    }

    public void setDogName(String dogName) {
        DogName = dogName;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog{" +
                "Id=" + Id +
                ", DogName='" + DogName + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

执行结果