spring---六 AOP

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-08 18:02:14 发布

24koby

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-08 18:02:14 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_31583183/article/details/103029629

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什么是AOP

AOP（Aspect-OrientedProgramming，面向切面编程），可以说是OOP（Object-Oriented Programing，面向对象编程）的补充和完善。OOP引入封装、继承和多态性等概念来建立一种对象层次结构，用以模拟公共行为的一个集合。当我们需要为分散的对象引入公共行为的时候，OOP则显得无能为力。也就是说，OOP允许你定义从上到下的关系，但并不适合定义从左到右的关系。例如日志功能。日志代码往往水平地散布在所有对象层次中，而与它所散布到的对象的核心功能毫无关系。对于其他类型的代码，如安全性、异常处理和透明的持续性也是如此。这种散布在各处的无关的代码被称为横切（cross-cutting）代码，在OOP设计中，它导致了大量代码的重复，而不利于各个模块的重用。

而AOP技术则恰恰相反，它利用一种称为“横切”的技术，剖解开封装的对象内部，并将那些影响了多个类的公共行为封装到一个可重用模块，并将其名为“Aspect”，即方面。所谓“方面”，简单地说，就是将那些与业务无关，却为业务模块所共同调用的逻辑或责任封装起来，便于减少系统的重复代码，降低模块间的耦合度，并有利于未来的可操作性和可维护性。AOP代表的是一个横向的关系，如果说“对象”是一个空心的圆柱体，其中封装的是对象的属性和行为；那么面向方面编程的方法，就仿佛一把利刃，将这些空心圆柱体剖开，以获得其内部的消息。而剖开的切面，也就是所谓的“方面”了。然后它又以巧夺天功的妙手将这些剖开的切面复原，不留痕迹。

一动态AOP使用实例

1 创建用于拦截的bean

public class TestBean {
	
	public void test(){
		System.out.println("test方法执行");
	}
}

2 创建Advisor

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;

@Aspect
public class AspectJTest {
	@Pointcut("execution(* *.test(..))")
	public void test(){}
	
	@Before("test()")
	public void beforeTest(){
		System.out.println("bofore test方法执行");
	}
	
	@After("test()")
	public void afterTest(){
		
	}
	@Around("test()")
	public Object arountTest(ProceedingJoinPoint p) throws Throwable{
		System.out.println("before1");
		Object o;
		
		o = p.proceed();
		System.out.println("after1");
		return o;
	}
	
}

3 创建配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
	http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.2.xsd">


	<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
	<bean class="test.TestBean" id="test"></bean>
	
	<bean class="test.AspectJTest"></bean>
</beans>

4 测试

public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext-service.xml");
		TestBean bean = (TestBean) ctx.getBean("test");
		bean.test();
	}
}

执行结果如下：

由上可以看出spring实现了对所有类的test()方法的增强，使辅助功能可以独立于核心业务之外，方便与程序的扩展和解耦。

二动态AOP自定义标签

这是自定义注解的解析器，从AopNamespaceHandler类汇中init方法可知，它会根据对应的bean配置使用相应的解析器。

public class AopNamespaceHandler extends NamespaceHandlerSupport {

	/**
	 * Register the {@link BeanDefinitionParser BeanDefinitionParsers} for the
	 * '{@code config}', '{@code spring-configured}', '{@code aspectj-autoproxy}'
	 * and '{@code scoped-proxy}' tags.
	 */
	@Override
	public void init() {
		// In 2.0 XSD as well as in 2.1 XSD.
		registerBeanDefinitionParser("config", new ConfigBeanDefinitionParser());
		registerBeanDefinitionParser("aspectj-autoproxy", new AspectJAutoProxyBeanDefinitionParser());
		registerBeanDefinitionDecorator("scoped-proxy", new ScopedProxyBeanDefinitionDecorator());

		// Only in 2.0 XSD: moved to context namespace as of 2.1
		registerBeanDefinitionParser("spring-configured", new SpringConfiguredBeanDefinitionParser());
	}

}

这里在解析配置文件时，遇到aspectj-autoproxy就会使用AspectJAutoProxyBeanDefinitionParser()进行解析。

1 注册AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator

所有解析器都是BeanDefinitionParser接口的实现，入口都是从parse()函数开始。

class AspectJAutoProxyBeanDefinitionParser implements BeanDefinitionParser {

	@Override
	@Nullable
	public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
		AopNamespaceUtils.registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(parserContext, element);
		extendBeanDefinition(element, parserContext);
		return null;
	}

	private void extendBeanDefinition(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
		BeanDefinition beanDef =
				parserContext.getRegistry().getBeanDefinition(AopConfigUtils.AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME);
		if (element.hasChildNodes()) {
			addIncludePatterns(element, parserContext, beanDef);
		}
	}

	private void addIncludePatterns(Element element, ParserContext parserContext, BeanDefinition beanDef) {
		ManagedList<TypedStringValue> includePatterns = new ManagedList<>();
		NodeList childNodes = element.getChildNodes();
		for (int i = 0; i < childNodes.getLength(); i++) {
			Node node = childNodes.item(i);
			if (node instanceof Element) {
				Element includeElement = (Element) node;
				TypedStringValue valueHolder = new TypedStringValue(includeElement.getAttribute("name"));
				valueHolder.setSource(parserContext.extractSource(includeElement));
				includePatterns.add(valueHolder);
			}
		}
		if (!includePatterns.isEmpty()) {
			includePatterns.setSource(parserContext.extractSource(element));
			beanDef.getPropertyValues().add("includePatterns", includePatterns);
		}
	}

}

从parse()函数中可以看出AopNamespaceUtils.registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(parserContext, element)是注册AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator的关键逻辑的实现。

public static void registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(
			ParserContext parserContext, Element sourceElement) {

		BeanDefinition beanDefinition = AopConfigUtils.registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(
				parserContext.getRegistry(), parserContext.extractSource(sourceElement));
		useClassProxyingIfNecessary(parserContext.getRegistry(), sourceElement);
		registerComponentIfNecessary(beanDefinition, parserContext);
	}

在registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary方法中主要完成了3件事情。

注册或者升级AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator：对于AOP的实现基本上都是靠AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator完成，它可以根据@Point注解定义的切点来自动代理相匹配的bean。但是为了配置方便，Spring使用了自定义配置来帮助我们自动注册AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator，其注册过程就是这里实现的；
处理proxy-target-class以及expose-proxy属性：
注册bean。

下面来看下注册或者升级AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator的代码：

@Nullable
	public static BeanDefinition registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry,
			@Nullable Object source) {

		return registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator.class, registry, source);
	}

@Nullable
	private static BeanDefinition registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(Class<?> cls, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry,
			@Nullable Object source) {

		Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
//如果已经存在了自动代理创建器且存在的自动代理创建器与现在的不一样，那么需要根据优先级来判断到底需要使用哪个
		if (registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
			BeanDefinition apcDefinition = registry.getBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME);
			if (!cls.getName().equals(apcDefinition.getBeanClassName())) {
				int currentPriority = findPriorityForClass(apcDefinition.getBeanClassName());
				int requiredPriority = findPriorityForClass(cls);
				if (currentPriority < requiredPriority) {
					apcDefinition.setBeanClassName(cls.getName());
				}
			}
			return null;
		}

		RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(cls);
		beanDefinition.setSource(source);
		beanDefinition.getPropertyValues().add("order", Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE);
		beanDefinition.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
		registry.registerBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME, beanDefinition);
		return beanDefinition;
	}

处理proxy-target-class以及expose-proxy属性是在useClassProxyingIfNecessary()方法中实现：

private static void useClassProxyingIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Element sourceElement) {
		if (sourceElement != null) {
			boolean proxyTargetClass = Boolean.valueOf(sourceElement.getAttribute(PROXY_TARGET_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE));
			if (proxyTargetClass) {
				AopConfigUtils.forceAutoProxyCreatorToUseClassProxying(registry);
			}
			boolean exposeProxy = Boolean.valueOf(sourceElement.getAttribute(EXPOSE_PROXY_ATTRIBUTE));
			if (exposeProxy) {
				AopConfigUtils.forceAutoProxyCreatorToExposeProxy(registry);
			}
		}
	}

public static void forceAutoProxyCreatorToUseClassProxying(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
		if (registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
			BeanDefinition definition = registry.getBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME);
			definition.getPropertyValues().add("proxyTargetClass", Boolean.TRUE);
		}
	}

	public static void forceAutoProxyCreatorToExposeProxy(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
		if (registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
			BeanDefinition definition = registry.getBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME);
			definition.getPropertyValues().add("exposeProxy", Boolean.TRUE);
		}
	}

proxy-target-class：SpringAOP部分使用JDK动态代理或者CGLIB来为目标对象创建代理。如果被代理的目标对象实现了至少一个接口，则会使用JDK动态代理；若没有实现任何接口，则使用CGLIB代理。

但是使用CGLIB代理会有两个问题，一是无法通知（advise）Final方法，因为他们不能被覆写，二是需要将CGLIB二进制包放在classpath下。

JDK代理与CGLIB代理的却别：

JDK动态代理：其代理对象必须是某个接口的实现；它是通过在运行期间创建一个接口的实现类来完成对目标对象的代理；
CGLIB代理：实现原理类似JDK代理，但是它在运行期间生成的代理对象是针对目标类扩展的子类，CGLIB底层是依靠ASM操作字节码实现，性能比JDK强；

三创建AOP代理

从上图可以看出AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator实现了BeanPostProcessor接口，而实现BeanPostProcessor后，当Spring加载这个Bean时会在实例化前调用postProcessAfterInitialization()方法。

AOP逻辑分析如下：

在父类AbstractAutoProxyCreator的postProcessAfterInitialization()方法如下：

@Override
	public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(@Nullable Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
		if (bean != null) {
//根据给定的bean的class和name构建出key
			Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
//如果它适合被代理，则需要封装指定bean
			if (!this.earlyProxyReferences.contains(cacheKey)) {
				return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
			}
		}
		return bean;
	}

protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {
//如果已经处理过，直接返回bean		
if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) && this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {
			return bean;
		}
//无需增强
if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(this.advisedBeans.get(cacheKey))) {
			return bean;
		}
		if (isInfrastructureClass(bean.getClass()) || shouldSkip(bean.getClass(), beanName)) {
			this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
			return bean;
		}

		// Create proxy if we have advice.
		Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null);
		if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) {
			this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);
			Object proxy = createProxy(
					bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean));
			this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
			return proxy;
		}

		this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
		return bean;
	}

从上述代码可以看出真正创建代理的是从getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null)方法开始。

创建代理主要包含两个步骤：

获取增强器或者增强方法；
根据获取到的增强进行处理。

@Override
	@Nullable
	protected Object[] getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName, @Nullable TargetSource targetSource) {
		List<Advisor> advisors = findEligibleAdvisors(beanClass, beanName);
		if (advisors.isEmpty()) {
			return DO_NOT_PROXY;
		}
		return advisors.toArray();
	}


protected List<Advisor> findEligibleAdvisors(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
		List<Advisor> candidateAdvisors = findCandidateAdvisors();
		List<Advisor> eligibleAdvisors = findAdvisorsThatCanApply(candidateAdvisors, beanClass, beanName);
		extendAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
		if (!eligibleAdvisors.isEmpty()) {
			eligibleAdvisors = sortAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
		}
		return eligibleAdvisors;
	}

从getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean()方法中可以看到它会寻找该bean的增强器，如果找到直接返回，找不到就返回DO_NOT_PROXY(它是null)。

1 获取增强器

protected List<Advisor> findCandidateAdvisors() {
		// Add all the Spring advisors found according to superclass rules.
		List<Advisor> advisors = super.findCandidateAdvisors();
		// Build Advisors for all AspectJ aspects in the bean factory.
		if (this.aspectJAdvisorsBuilder != null) {
			advisors.addAll(this.aspectJAdvisorsBuilder.buildAspectJAdvisors());
		}
		return advisors;
	}

从findCandidateAdvisors()方法中可以看出获取增强器或增强方法的功能由this.aspectJAdvisorsBuilder.buildAspectJAdvisors()完成。

public List<Advisor> buildAspectJAdvisors() {
		List<String> aspectNames = this.aspectBeanNames;

		if (aspectNames == null) {
			synchronized (this) {
				aspectNames = this.aspectBeanNames;
				if (aspectNames == null) {
					List<Advisor> advisors = new LinkedList<>();
					aspectNames = new LinkedList<>();
					String[] beanNames = BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(
							this.beanFactory, Object.class, true, false);
					for (String beanName : beanNames) {
						if (!isEligibleBean(beanName)) {
							continue;
						}
						// We must be careful not to instantiate beans eagerly as in this case they
						// would be cached by the Spring container but would not have been weaved.
						Class<?> beanType = this.beanFactory.getType(beanName);
						if (beanType == null) {
							continue;
						}
						if (this.advisorFactory.isAspect(beanType)) {
							aspectNames.add(beanName);
							AspectMetadata amd = new AspectMetadata(beanType, beanName);
							if (amd.getAjType().getPerClause().getKind() == PerClauseKind.SINGLETON) {
								MetadataAwareAspectInstanceFactory factory =
										new BeanFactoryAspectInstanceFactory(this.beanFactory, beanName);
								List<Advisor> classAdvisors = this.advisorFactory.getAdvisors(factory);
								if (this.beanFactory.isSingleton(beanName)) {
									this.advisorsCache.put(beanName, classAdvisors);
								}
								else {
									this.aspectFactoryCache.put(beanName, factory);
								}
								advisors.addAll(classAdvisors);
							}
							else {
								// Per target or per this.
								if (this.beanFactory.isSingleton(beanName)) {
									throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bean with name '" + beanName +
											"' is a singleton, but aspect instantiation model is not singleton");
								}
								MetadataAwareAspectInstanceFactory factory =
										new PrototypeAspectInstanceFactory(this.beanFactory, beanName);
								this.aspectFactoryCache.put(beanName, factory);
								advisors.addAll(this.advisorFactory.getAdvisors(factory));
							}
						}
					}
					this.aspectBeanNames = aspectNames;
					return advisors;
				}
			}
		}

		if (aspectNames.isEmpty()) {
			return Collections.emptyList();
		}
		List<Advisor> advisors = new LinkedList<>();
		for (String aspectName : aspectNames) {
			List<Advisor> cachedAdvisors = this.advisorsCache.get(aspectName);
			if (cachedAdvisors != null) {
				advisors.addAll(cachedAdvisors);
			}
			else {
				MetadataAwareAspectInstanceFactory factory = this.aspectFactoryCache.get(aspectName);
				advisors.addAll(this.advisorFactory.getAdvisors(factory));
			}
		}
		return advisors;
	}

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spring---六 AOP

什么是AOP AOP（Aspect-OrientedProgramming，面向切面编程），可以说是OOP（Object-Oriented Programing，面向对象编程）的补充和完善。OOP引入封装、继承和多态性等概念来建立一种对象层次结构，用以模拟公共行为的一个集合。当我们需要为分散的对象引入公共行为的时候，OOP则显得无能为力。也就是说，OOP允许你定义从上到下的关系，...
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