linux centos中搭建lnmp环境

所用软件：
nginx-1.7.8.tar.gz
php-5.6.16.tar.gz
mysql-5.5.50.tar.gz
pcre-8.37.tar.bz2（nginx扩展所需）

准备工作：
1.建立各个服务的运行用户

groupadd www
groupadd mysql
useradd www -g www
useradd mysql -g mysql

第一步：安装nginx

1.安装和下载nginx和pcre所需要的依赖包
到nginx官网下载自己所需要的nginx安装包河pcre安装包
nginx下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/
pcre下载地址：ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/

 yum install -y zlib zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++

2.准备就绪，安装nginx。（具体路径请以您根据您的文件所在目录）

./configure --prefix=/data/webserve/nginx/ \
--with-pcre=/data/download/pcre-8.38

3执行安装

make && make install

4.安装成功。设置运行用户
1.编辑nginx.conf配置文件，第一行更改为如下

user www;

2启动nginx

nginx/sbin/nginx

3.访问服务器ip地址。一切顺利的话就安装成功了！

第二步：安装php
（下载地址：wget http://cn2.php.NET/distributions/php-5.6.16.tar.gz）
1.安装php所需要的依赖包。

yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel gd gd-devel libpng libpng-devel ncurses ncurses-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel openssl openssl-devel readline readline-devel

2.运行编译命令（第一二行的路径，请以自身的具体路径而定）

./configure \
--prefix=/data/webserve/php \
--with-config-file-path=/data/webserve/php/etc \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-opcache \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=www \
--with-fpm-group=www \
--with-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-gettext \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-iconv \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-mhash \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-soap \
--with-libxml-dir \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-sysvmsg \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-sysvshm \
--enable-sockets \
--with-curl \
--with-zlib \
--enable-zip \
--with-bz2 \
--with-readline

3.编译成功。
.运行命令

make && make install

4.复制php.ini配置文件（路径根据实际情况）

cp php.ini-production /data/webserve/php/lib/php.ini

5.编辑etc/php-fpm.conf

#pid=run/php-fpm.conf//把前面的注释去掉

6.配置php常量

vim /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/data/webserve/php/bin
export PATH
//保存退出
source /etc/profile//让配置即可生效

7.更改nginx.conf文件，直接复制下面代码。注意$root_path根据自身情况

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;


include vhost/*.conf
}

在nginx的conf配置文件目录新建一个vhost目录管理服务器上的多个域名并以.conf结尾。每个conf文件内容如下（具体路径以实际为准）

server {

      listen 80;

      server_name www.pmd.space;

      #access_log  logs/demo.phalconplus.access.log  main;

      index index.PHP index.html index.htm;

      set $root_path '/data/www';

      root $root_path;

      try_files $uri $uri/ @rewrite;

      location @rewrite {
          rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?_url=/$1 last;
      }

      location ~ \.php {
          fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
          include fastcgi_params;
          fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
      }

      location ~* ^/(css|img|js|flv|swf|download)/(.+)$ {
          root $root_path;
      }

      location ~ /\.ht {
          deny all;
      }

   }

8.启动php。

/data/webserve/php/sbin/php-fpm

至此，php安装成功。

第三步：安装mysql
1.安装mysql的依赖包。

yum -y install cmake ncurses ncurses-devel

2.编译mysql。

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/data/webserve/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/webserve/mysql/run/mysql.sock \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=yes

make && make install

漫长的编译mysql之路。。。。。。
3.在解压的mysql目录复制并覆盖配置文件

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

给mysql.sock建立软链接

ln -s a b 中的 a //就是源文件，b是链接文件名,其作用是当进入b目录，实际上是链接进入了a目录

4.初始化数据库

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/data/webserve/mysql

5.启动mysql并配置Mysql常量到系统中

/data/webserve/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql

这里因为之前有配置php常量。所以直接在后面加上

vim /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/data/webserve/php/bin:/data/webserve/mysql/bin
export PATH
//保存退出
source /etc/profile//让配置即可生效

至此编译完成~

测试我们搭建的环境以及优化配置。
1.测试环境是否能正常运行。

<?php
    $con=mysql_connect('127.0.0.1','root','987654321');
    echo $con;//看返回值，如果返回的是Resource id #3类型的话，就说明我们连接成功了
    $db=mysql_query('use test',$con);
    mysql_query("set names utf8");
    $sql="select * from user";
    $user=mysql_query($sql,$con);
    var_dump($user);
?>

2配置nginx,php,mysql开机自启动。
1)nginx开机启动：
在/etc/init.d/目录下创建脚本：

vim /etc/init.d/nginx

写入以下代码（具体的nginx路径以实际情况为准）：

#!/bin/bash
# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server
# it is v.0.0.2 version.
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.
#              It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.
# processname: nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# config: /data/webserve/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginxd=/data/webserve/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx_config=/data/webserve/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx_pid=/data/webserve/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
RETVAL=0
prog="nginx"
# Source function library.
.  /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
.  /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0
# Start nginx daemons functions.
start() {
if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
   echo "nginx already running...."
   exit 1
fi
   echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
   daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
   RETVAL=$?
   echo
   [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
   return $RETVAL
}
# Stop nginx daemons functions.
stop() {
        echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
        killproc $nginxd
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
}

reload() {
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`
    killproc $nginxd -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
        start
        ;;
stop)
        stop
        ;;
reload)
        reload
        ;;
restart)
        stop
        start
        ;;
status)
        status $prog
        RETVAL=$?
        ;;
*)
        echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
        exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL

保存并设置脚本权限

chmod 775 nginx
chkconfig nginxd on

2.设置mysql开机自启动
将mysql安装目录下 support-files目录下的mysql.server文件拷贝到/etc/init.d/目录下并改名为mysqld，并更改权限

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 775 mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on

3设置php开机自启动。
在/etc/init.d/目录下创建脚本

vim  /etc/init.d/php-fpm

写入一下代码

#!/bin/sh
       #
       # php-fpm - this script starts and stops the php-fpm daemin
       #
       # chkconfig: - 85 15
       # processname: php-fpm
       # config:      /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

       set -e

       PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
       DESC="php-fpm daemon"
       NAME=php-fpm
       DAEMON=/data/webserve/php/sbin/$NAME     
       CONFIGFILE=/data/webserve/php/etc/php-fpm.conf   
       PIDFILE=/data/webserve/php/var/run/$NAME.pid   
       SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME   

       # If the daemon file is not found, terminate the script.
       test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

       d_start(){
           $DAEMON -y $CONFIGFILE || echo -n " already running"
       }

       d_stop(){
           kill -QUIT `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n " no running"
       }

       d_reload(){
           kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n " could not reload"
       }

       case "$1" in
           start)
               echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
               d_start
               echo "."
               ;;
           stop)
               echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
               d_stop
               echo "."
               ;;
           reload)
               echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
               d_reload
               echo "Reloaded."
               ;;
           restart)
               echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
               d_stop
               # Sleep for two seconds before starting again, this should give the nginx daemon some time to perform a graceful stop
               sleep 2
               d_start
               echo "."
               ;;
           *)
               echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|force-reload)" >&2
               exit 3
               ;;
       esac
       exit 0

更改脚本权限，并开机自启动

chmod 775 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on

*如有遇到开机后有的服务没有启动，请直接在/etc/init.d/目录下运行脚本文件。查看有没报错
开机启动教程转载地址为 ：http://9227627.blog.51cto.com/8794562/1398793