动端(手机端)页面自适应解决方案—rem布局
假设设计妹妹给我们的设计稿尺寸为750 * 1340。结合网易、淘宝移动端首页html元素上的动态font-size属性、设计稿尺寸、前端与设计之间协作流程一般分为下面两种:
一、网易做法:
引入:页面开头处引入下面这段代码,用于动态计算font-size
(function(doc, win) {
var docEl = doc.documentElement,
isIOS = navigator.userAgent.match(/\(i[^;]+;( U;)? CPU.+Mac OS X/),
dpr = isIOS ? Math.min(win.devicePixelRatio, 3) : 1,
dpr = window.top === window.self ? dpr : 1, //被iframe引用时,禁止缩放
dpr = 1,
scale = 1 / dpr,
resizeEvt = 'orientationchange' in window ? 'orientationchange' : 'resize';
docEl.dataset.dpr = dpr;
var metaEl = doc.createElement('meta');
metaEl.name = 'viewport';
metaEl.content = 'initial-scale=' + scale + ',maximum-scale=' + scale + ', minimum-scale=' + scale;
docEl.firstElementChild.appendChild(metaEl);
var recalc = function() {
var width = docEl.clientWidth;
if (width / dpr > 750) {
width = 750 * dpr;
}
// 乘以100,px : rem = 100 : 1
docEl.style.fontSize = 100 * (width / 750) + 'px';
};
recalc()
if (!doc.addEventListener) return;
win.addEventListener(resizeEvt, recalc, false);
})(document, window);
使用:
未引入前:
body {
width: 750px;
height: 640px;
}
引入后:除以100并将px换成rem
body {
width: 7.5rem;
height: 6.4rem;
}
换算的依据:
// 乘以100,px : rem = 100 : 1
var recalc = function() {
var width = docEl.clientWidth;
if (width / dpr > 750) {
width = 750 * dpr;
}
// 乘以100,px : rem = 100 : 1
docEl.style.fontSize = 100 * (width / 750) + 'px';
};
二、淘宝做法(推荐做法,尤其是app内嵌页面):
引入:页面开头处引入下面这段代码,用于动态计算font-size,或者单独放入一个文件,引入文件也可以
;
(function(win, lib) {
var doc = win.document;
var docEl = doc.documentElement;
var metaEl = doc.querySelector('meta[name="viewport"]');
var flexibleEl = doc.querySelector('meta[name="flexible"]');
var dpr = 0;
var scale = 0;
var tid;
var flexible = lib.flexible || (lib.flexible = {});
if (metaEl) {
var match = metaEl.getAttribute('content').match(/initial\-scale=([\d\.]+)/);
if (match) {
scale = parseFloat(match[1]);
dpr = parseInt(1 / scale);
}
} else if (flexibleEl) {
var content = flexibleEl.getAttribute('content');
if (content) {
var initialDpr = content.match(/initial\-dpr=([\d\.]+)/);
var maximumDpr = content.match(/maximum\-dpr=([\d\.]+)/);
if (initialDpr) {
dpr = parseFloat(initialDpr[1]);
scale = parseFloat((1 / dpr).toFixed(2));
}
if (maximumDpr) {
dpr = parseFloat(maximumDpr[1]);
scale = parseFloat((1 / dpr).toFixed(2));
}
}
}
if (!dpr && !scale) {
var isAndroid = win.navigator.appVersion.match(/android/gi);
var isIPhone = win.navigator.appVersion.match(/iphone/gi);
var devicePixelRatio = win.devicePixelRatio;
if (isIPhone) {
// iOS下,对于2和3的屏,用2倍的方案,其余的用1倍方案
if (devicePixelRatio >= 3 && (!dpr || dpr >= 3)) {
dpr = 3;
} else if (devicePixelRatio >= 2 && (!dpr || dpr >= 2)) {
dpr = 2;
} else {
dpr = 1;
}
} else {
// 其他设备下,仍旧使用1倍的方案
dpr = 1;
}
scale = 1 / dpr;
}
docEl.setAttribute('data-dpr', dpr);
if (!metaEl) {
metaEl = doc.createElement('meta');
metaEl.setAttribute('name', 'viewport');
metaEl.setAttribute('content', 'initial-scale=' + scale + ', maximum-scale=' + scale + ', minimum-scale=' + scale + ', user-scalable=no');
if (docEl.firstElementChild) {
docEl.firstElementChild.appendChild(metaEl);
} else {
var wrap = doc.createElement('div');
wrap.appendChild(metaEl);
doc.write(wrap.innerHTML);
}
}
function refreshRem() {
var width = docEl.getBoundingClientRect().width;
// 适配平板
if (width / dpr > 540) {
width = 540 * dpr;
}
var rem = width / 10;
docEl.style.fontSize = rem + 'px';
flexible.rem = win.rem = rem;
}
win.addEventListener('resize', function() {
clearTimeout(tid);
tid = setTimeout(refreshRem, 300);
}, false);
win.addEventListener('pageshow', function(e) {
if (e.persisted) {
clearTimeout(tid);
tid = setTimeout(refreshRem, 300);
}
}, false);
if (doc.readyState === 'complete') {
doc.body.style.fontSize = 12 * dpr + 'px';
} else {
doc.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
doc.body.style.fontSize = 12 * dpr + 'px';
}, false);
}
refreshRem();
flexible.dpr = win.dpr = dpr;
flexible.refreshRem = refreshRem;
flexible.rem2px = function(d) {
var val = parseFloat(d) * this.rem;
if (typeof d === 'string' && d.match(/rem$/)) {
val += 'px';
}
return val;
}
flexible.px2rem = function(d) {
var val = parseFloat(d) / this.rem;
if (typeof d === 'string' && d.match(/px$/)) {
val += 'rem';
}
return val;
}
})(window, window['lib'] || (window['lib'] = {}));
使用:
未引入前:
body {
width: 750px;
height: 640px;
}
引入后:
@font-size-base: 75;
body {
width: 750rem/@font-size-base;
height: 640rem/@font-size-base;
}
换算依据:
function refreshRem() {
var width = docEl.getBoundingClientRect().width;
// 适配平板
if (width / dpr > 540) {
width = 540 * dpr;
}
var rem = width / 10;
docEl.style.fontSize = rem + 'px';
flexible.rem = win.rem = rem;
}
这边是用的less,如果您没有用less,就需要手动计算,当然也可以转化为px : rem = 100 : 1。
如果想转化为px : rem = 100 : 1,可以修改上面的refreshRem函数:
function refreshRem() {
var width = docEl.getBoundingClientRect().width
// 适配平板
if (width / dpr > 750) {
width = 750 * dpr
}
var rem = 100 * (width / 750)
docEl.style.fontSize = rem + 'px'
flexible.rem = win.rem = rem;
}
使用:
未引入前:
body {
width: 750px;
height: 640px;
}
引入后:除以100并将px换成rem
body {
width: 7.5rem;
height: 6.4rem;
}
换算依据就是上面修改的代码:
function refreshRem() {
var width = docEl.getBoundingClientRect().width
// 适配平板
if (width / dpr > 750) {
width = 750 * dpr
}
var rem = 100 * (width / 750)
docEl.style.fontSize = rem + 'px'
flexible.rem = win.rem = rem;
}