elasticsearch基础篇

安装

安装elasticSearch和kibana

简单应用

一个Elasticsearch集群可以包含多个索引(index),相应的每个索引可以包含多个类型(type).这些不同的类型存储着多个文档,每个文档又有多个属性

放入信息

PUT /megacorp/employee/1
{
    "first_name" : "John",
    "last_name" :  "Smith",
    "age" :        25,
    "about" :      "I love to go rock climbing",
    "interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
}

PUT /megacorp/employee/2
{
    "first_name" :  "Jane",
    "last_name" :   "Smith",
    "age" :         32,
    "about" :       "I like to collect rock albums",
    "interests":  [ "music" ]
}

PUT /megacorp/employee/3
{
    "first_name" :  "Douglas",
    "last_name" :   "Fir",
    "age" :         35,
    "about":        "I like to build cabinets",
    "interests":  [ "forestry" ]
}

其中megacorp索引名称,employee类型名称,1是特定雇员的ID

检索单个雇员

GET /megacorp/employee/1

返回值,
{
  "_index": "megacorp",
  "_type": "employee",
  "_id": "1",
  "_version": 1,
  "found": true,
  "_source": {
    "first_name": "John",
    "last_name": "Smith",
    "age": 25,
    "about": "I love to go rock climbing",
    "interests": [
      "sports",
      "music"
    ]
  }
}

轻量搜素

获取所有雇员

GET /megacorp/employee/_search

查询字符串

GET /megacorp/employee/_search?q=last_name:smith
结果
{
  "took": 110,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 2,
    "max_score": 0.2876821,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "megacorp",
        "_type": "employee",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 0.2876821,
        "_source": {
          "first_name": "Jane",
          "last_name": "Smith",
          "age": 32,
          "about": "I like to collect rock albums",
          "interests": [
            "music"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "megacorp",
        "_type": "employee",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 0.2876821,
        "_source": {
          "first_name": "John",
          "last_name": "Smith",
          "age": 25,
          "about": "I love to go rock climbing",
          "interests": [
            "sports",
            "music"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

查询的时候,会发现,真实数据中last_name是Simth,都查询出来了,但是有 _score这个标签, _score是一种确定匹配与查询的相关程度的方法.

使用查询表达式搜素

GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "last_name": "smith"
    }
  }
}

可以发现,和上面的查询是一样的

复杂的搜索

GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
    "query" : {
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match" : {
                    "last_name" : "smith" 
                }
            },
            "filter": {
                "range" : {
                    "age" : { "gt" : 30 } 
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

搜索最后一个名字是smith的,并过滤其中年龄大于30岁的

全文搜索

GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
  "query":{
    "match":{
      "about": "rock climbing"
    }
  }
}

可以找到两条,其中一条数据是"about": "I love to go rock climbing"还有一条是"about": "I like to collect rock albums"为什么第二条也有呢,因为提到了rock,只是_score相应的低了一点

短语查找

GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
  "query":{
    "match_phrase": {
      "about": "rock climbing"
    }
  }
}

可以精确查找