大家知道CodeIgniter框架式MVC分层的,通常大家把业务逻辑写到Controller中,而Model只负责和数据库打交道。
但是随着业务越来越复杂,controller越来越臃肿,举一个简单的例子,比如说用户下订单,这必然会有一系列的操作:更新购物车、添加订单记录、会员添加积分等等,且下订单的过程可能在多种场景出现,如果这样的代码放controller中则很臃肿难以复用,如果放model会让持久层和业务层耦合。现在公司的项目就是,很多人将一些业务逻辑写到model中去了,model中又调其它model,也就是业务层和持久层相互耦合。这是极其不合理的,会让model难以维护,且方法难以复用。
是不是可以考虑在controller和model中加一个业务层service,由它来负责业务逻辑,封装好的调用接口可以被controller复用。
这样各层的任务就明确了:
Model(DAO):数据持久层的工作,对数据库的操作都封装在这。
Service : 业务逻辑层,负责业务模块的逻辑应用设计,controller中就可以调用service的接口实现业务逻辑处理,提高了通用的业务逻辑的复用性,设计到具体业务实现会调用Model的接口。
Controller :控制层,负责具体业务流程控制,这里调用service层,将数据返回到视图
View : 负责前端页面展示,与Controller紧密联系。
基于上面描述,实现过程:
(1)让CI能够加载service,service目录放在application下,因为CI系统没有service,则在application/core下新建扩展MY_Service.php
- <?php
-
- class MY_Service
- {
- public function __construct()
- {
- log_message('debug', "Service Class Initialized");
- }
- function __get($key)
- {
- $CI = & get_instance();
- return $CI->$key;
- }
- }
(2)扩展CI_Loader实现,加载service,在application/core下新建MY_Loader.php文件:
- <?php
-
- class MY_Loader extends CI_Loader
- {
- /**
- * List of loaded sercices
- *
- * @var array
- * @access protected
- */
- protected $_ci_services = array();
- /**
- * List of paths to load sercices from
- *
- * @var array
- * @access protected
- */
- protected $_ci_service_paths = array();
- /**
- * Constructor
- *
- * Set the path to the Service files
- */
- public function __construct()
- {
- parent::__construct();
- load_class('Service','core');
- $this->_ci_service_paths = array(APPPATH);
- }
- /**
- * Service Loader
- *
- * This function lets users load and instantiate classes.
- * It is designed to be called from a user's app controllers.
- *
- * @param string the name of the class
- * @param mixed the optional parameters
- * @param string an optional object name
- * @return void
- */
- public function service($service = '', $params = NULL, $object_name = NULL)
- {
- if(is_array($service))
- {
- foreach($service as $class)
- {
- $this->service($class, $params);
- }
- return;
- }
- if($service == '' or isset($this->_ci_services[$service])) {
- return FALSE;
- }
- if(! is_null($params) && ! is_array($params)) {
- $params = NULL;
- }
- $subdir = '';
-
- // Is the service in a sub-folder? If so, parse out the filename and path.
- if (($last_slash = strrpos($service, '/')) !== FALSE)
- {
- // The path is in front of the last slash
- $subdir = substr($service, 0, $last_slash + 1);
-
- // And the service name behind it
- $service = substr($service, $last_slash + 1);
- }
- foreach($this->_ci_service_paths as $path)
- {
- $filepath = $path .'service/'.$subdir.$service.'.php';
- if ( ! file_exists($filepath))
- {
- continue;
- }
- include_once($filepath);
- $service = strtolower($service);
-
- if (empty($object_name))
- {
- $object_name = $service;
- }
- $service = ucfirst($service);
- $CI = &get_instance();
- if($params !== NULL)
- {
- $CI->$object_name = new $service($params);
- }
- else
- {
- $CI->$object_name = new $service();
- }
- $this->_ci_services[] = $object_name;
- return;
- }
- }
- }
(3)简单例子实现:
控制器中调用service :
- <?php
-
- class User extends CI_Controller
- {
- public function __construct()
- {
- parent::__construct();
- $this->load->service('user_service');
- }
- public function login()
- {
- $name = 'phpddt.com';
- $psw = 'password';
- print_r($this->user_service->login($name, $psw));
- }
- }
service中调用model :
- <?php
-
- class User_service extends MY_Service
- {
- public function __construct()
- {
- parent::__construct();
- $this->load->model('user_model');
- }
- public function login($name, $password)
- {
- $user = $this->user_model->get_user_by_where($name, $password);
- //.....
- //.....
- //.....
- return $user;
- }
- }
model中你只跟db打交道:
- <?php
-
- class User_model extends CI_Model
- {
- public function __construct()
- {
- parent::__construct();
- }
- public function get_user_by_where($name, $password)
- {
- //$this->db
- //......
- //......
- return array('id' => 1, 'name' => 'mckee');
- }
- }
-