C# 枚举

      枚举为我们日常开发的可读性提供的非常好的支持，在使用枚举类型时，我们经常需要取名称和值，甚至有时候还需要取枚举类型的描述。通过反射，我们能获取到枚举类型的描述属性。当然举类型还可以赋上其他类型的属性。

    public enum EnumCustom
    {
        [CategoryAttribute("性别")]  //枚举类型可以赋上其他类型的属性
        [Description("男")]
        Male = 2,

        [CategoryAttribute("性别")]
        [Description("女")]
        Female = 4,
    }

枚举操作

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    //根据枚举获取int值
    int im = (int)EnumCustom.Male;
            
    //取string值
    string sm = EnumCustom.Male.ToString();
            
    //根据int值获取枚举
    EnumCustom eCustom = (EnumCustom)2;  

    //获取类型声明
    Type type = typeof(EnumCustom);

    //获取枚举值
    Array array = Enum.GetValues(typeof(EnumCustom));

    //获取枚举名称
    string[] strs = Enum.GetNames(typeof(EnumCustom));

    //遍历枚举
    var fields = typeof(EnumCustom).GetFields(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static);
    if (fields != null && fields.Count() > 0)
    {
        foreach (var field in fields)
        {
            var i = (int)field.GetValue(null);//在派生类中重写时，返回给定对象支持的字段的值
            var name = field.Name;   //名称
            var category = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(field, typeof(CategoryAttribute), false) as CategoryAttribute; //获取属性
            var fz = category?.Category;
            var description = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(field, typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false) as DescriptionAttribute;  //获取属性
            var des = description?.Description;
        }
    }
    Console.ReadLine();
}

枚举处理方法

/// <summary>
/// 枚举类型通用处理工具
/// </summary>
public class EnumUtility
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 获取枚举类型的描述值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="type">枚举类型</param>
    /// <param name="enumValue">枚举值</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string GetDescription(Type type, object enumValue)
    {
        if (!type.IsEnum)
            return "";

        string name = Enum.GetName(type, enumValue);
        FieldInfo fieldInfo = type.GetField(name); //获取指定名称的公共字段
        var description = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(fieldInfo, typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false) as DescriptionAttribute;
        return description?.Description ?? enumValue.ToString();  //当描述属性没有时，直接返回名称
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 获取枚举类型的描述值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="en">枚举值</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string GetDescription(Enum en)
    {
        var description = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(en.GetType().GetField(en.ToString()), typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false) as DescriptionAttribute;
        return description?.Description ?? en.ToString();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 根据Description获取枚举
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T">枚举类型</typeparam>
    /// <param name="description">枚举描述</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static T GetEnumName<T>(string description)
    {
        Type type = typeof(T);
        //遍历枚举
        FieldInfo[] fieldInfos = type.GetFields(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static);
        foreach (FieldInfo fieldInfo in fieldInfos)
        {
            var cur = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(fieldInfo, typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false) as DescriptionAttribute;
            string curDesc = cur?.Description ?? fieldInfo.Name;
            if (curDesc == description)
                return (T)fieldInfo.GetValue(null);
        }

        throw new ArgumentException($"{description} 未能找到对应的枚举。", "Description");
    }

}