Java 对象拷贝复制，对象属性拷贝复制

前言

之前写了一篇文章 java浅拷贝与深拷贝讲了如何深拷贝对象。

本文讲解如何通过第三方库来拷贝复制对象的属性值。

一、假设有Student、People类如下

public class Student {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int score;

    public Student() {}

    public Student(int id, String name, int score) {
        this.name = name;
        this.id = id;
        this.score = score;
    }
	
	//省略get、set方法
}

public class People {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int score;
    private int age;
    private String address;
    private String teacher;

    public People() {
    }

    public People(int id, String name, int score, int age, String address, String teacher) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.score = score;
        this.age = age;
        this.address = address;
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }
	
	//省略get、set方法
}

二、方式一，使用modelmapper

1.依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.modelmapper</groupId>
            <artifactId>modelmapper</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.1</version>
        </dependency>

2.工具类

import org.modelmapper.ModelMapper;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ConvertUtil {
    private static final ModelMapper MODEL_MAPPER = new ModelMapper();

    /**
     * 将源对象转换为目标类型对象。
     *
     * @param source 源对象
     * @param targetClass 目标类型的 Class 对象
     * @param <S> 源对象的类型
     * @param <T> 目标对象的类型
     * @return 转换后的目标类型对象
     */
    public static <S, T> T convert(S source, Class<T> targetClass) {
        return MODEL_MAPPER.map(source, targetClass);
    }

    /**
     * 克隆列表并将列表中的每个元素转换为目标类型。
     *
     * @param sourceList 源列表
     * @param targetClass 目标类型的 Class 对象
     * @param <S> 源列表中元素的类型
     * @param <T> 目标列表中元素的类型
     * @return 转换后的目标类型列表
     */
    public static <S, T> List<T> cloneList(List<S> sourceList, Class<T> targetClass) {
        List<T> targetList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (S source : sourceList) {
            T target = MODEL_MAPPER.map(source, targetClass);
            targetList.add(target);
        }
        return targetList;
    }
}

3. 测试

(1)student 与 people 的转换

		Student student = new Student(1, "张三", 98);
        //student转为people
        People people = ConvertUtil.convert(student, People.class);
		//输出
        System.out.println(people.getId());
        System.out.println(people.getName());
        System.out.println(people.getScore());
        System.out.println(people.getAddress());
        System.out.println(people.getTeacher());
        System.out.println("--------------------");

        People people1 = new People(2, "王五", 90, 28,"北京一中","王鹏");
        //people转为student
        Student student1 = ConvertUtil.convert(people1, Student.class);
		//输出
        System.out.println(student1.getId());
        System.out.println(student1.getName());
        System.out.println(student1.getScore());

输出的结果：

1
张三
98
null
null
--------------------
2
王五
90

(2)List<student> 与 List<people> 的转换

        Student student1 = new Student(1, "张三", 98);
        Student student2 = new Student(2, "李四", 95);
        List<Student> studentList1 = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList1.add(student1);
        studentList1.add(student2);
        //List<Student> 转为 List<People>
        List<People> peopleList1 = ConvertUtil.cloneList(studentList1, People.class);
        //输出
        peopleList1.forEach(people -> {
            System.out.println(people.getId());
            System.out.println(people.getName());
            System.out.println(people.getScore());
            System.out.println(people.getAddress());
            System.out.println(people.getTeacher());
        });
        System.out.println("--------------------");

        People people1 = new People(3, "王五", 91, 27, "北京一中", "王鹏");
        People people2 = new People(3, "赵二", 92, 28, "北京二中", "李梅");
        List<People> peopleList2 = new ArrayList<>();
        peopleList2.add(people1);
        peopleList2.add(people2);
        //List<People> 转为 List<Student>
        List<Student> studentList2 = ConvertUtil.cloneList(peopleList2, Student.class);
        //输出
        studentList2.forEach(student -> {
            System.out.println(student.getId());
            System.out.println(student.getName());
            System.out.println(student.getScore());
        });

输出的结果：

1
张三
98
null
null
2
李四
95
null
null
--------------------
3
王五
91
3
赵二
92

二、方式二，使用 Spring 的 BeanUtils

1.依赖

如果你的项目不是springboot，则需要添加如下依赖，springboot项目则不需要。

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.39</version>
        </dependency>

2.工具类

import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ConvertUtil {
      /**
     * 将一个对象转换为目标类型的对象
     *
     * @param source      源对象
     * @param targetClass 目标类
     * @param <T>         目标类型
     * @return 转换后的目标对象
     */
    public static <T> T convert(Object source, Class<T> targetClass) {
        if (source == null) {
            return null;
        }
        try {
            T target = targetClass.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
            BeanUtils.copyProperties(source, target);
            return target;
        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("转化对象失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 克隆一个列表，并将列表中的每个元素转换为目标类型的对象
     *
     * @param sourceList  源列表
     * @param targetClass 目标类
     * @param <S>         源类型
     * @param <T>         目标类型
     * @return 克隆后的列表
     */
    public static <S, T> List<T> cloneList(List<S> sourceList, Class<T> targetClass) {
        if (sourceList == null) {
            return null;
        }
        List<T> targetList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (S source : sourceList) {
            T target = convert(source, targetClass);
            targetList.add(target);
        }
        return targetList;
    }
}

3. 测试

(1)student 与 people 的转换

		Student student = new Student(1, "张三", 98);
        //student转为people
        People people = ConvertUtil.convert(student, People.class);
		//输出
        System.out.println(people.getId());
        System.out.println(people.getName());
        System.out.println(people.getScore());
        System.out.println(people.getAddress());
        System.out.println(people.getTeacher());
        System.out.println("--------------------");

        People people1 = new People(2, "王五", 90, 28,"北京一中","王鹏");
        //people转为student
        Student student1 = ConvertUtil.convert(people1, Student.class);
		//输出
        System.out.println(student1.getId());
        System.out.println(student1.getName());
        System.out.println(student1.getScore());

输出的结果：

1
张三
98
null
null
--------------------
2
王五
90

(2)List<student> 与 List<people> 的转换

        Student student1 = new Student(1, "张三", 98);
        Student student2 = new Student(2, "李四", 95);
        List<Student> studentList1 = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList1.add(student1);
        studentList1.add(student2);
        //List<Student> 转为 List<People>
        List<People> peopleList1 = ConvertUtil.cloneList(studentList1, People.class);
        //输出
        peopleList1.forEach(people -> {
            System.out.println(people.getId());
            System.out.println(people.getName());
            System.out.println(people.getScore());
            System.out.println(people.getAddress());
            System.out.println(people.getTeacher());
        });
        System.out.println("--------------------");

        People people1 = new People(3, "王五", 91, 27, "北京一中", "王鹏");
        People people2 = new People(3, "赵二", 92, 28, "北京二中", "李梅");
        List<People> peopleList2 = new ArrayList<>();
        peopleList2.add(people1);
        peopleList2.add(people2);
        //List<People> 转为 List<Student>
        List<Student> studentList2 = ConvertUtil.cloneList(peopleList2, Student.class);
        //输出
        studentList2.forEach(student -> {
            System.out.println(student.getId());
            System.out.println(student.getName());
            System.out.println(student.getScore());
        });

输出的结果：

1
张三
98
null
null
2
李四
95
null
null
--------------------
3
王五
91
3
赵二
92