flask之源码解读信号blinker

flask中用了10个内置信号的地方分别是：

凡是有send的地方就用到了信号…

class AppContext(object):
    def push(self):
        """Binds the app context to the current context."""
        self._refcnt += 1
        if hasattr(sys, 'exc_clear'):
            sys.exc_clear()
        _app_ctx_stack.push(self)
        #1.这是一处:appcontext_pushed.send(self.app)
        appcontext_pushed.send(self.app)

    def pop(self, exc=_sentinel):
        """Pops the app context."""
        try:
            self._refcnt -= 1
            if self._refcnt <= 0:
                if exc is _sentinel:
                    exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
                self.app.do_teardown_appcontext(exc)
        finally:
            rv = _app_ctx_stack.pop()
        assert rv is self, 'Popped wrong app context.  (%r instead of %r)' \
            % (rv, self)
        #2.这是一处:appcontext_popped.send(self.app)
        appcontext_popped.send(self.app)


def full_dispatch_request(self):
    self.try_trigger_before_first_request_functions()
    try:
        #3.这里一处:request_started.send(self)
        request_started.send(self)
        rv = self.preprocess_request()
        if rv is None:
            rv = self.dispatch_request()
    except Exception as e:
        rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
    return self.finalize_request(rv)

def finalize_request(self, rv, from_error_handler=False):
    response = self.make_response(rv)
    try:
        response = self.process_response(response)
        #4.这里一处:request_finished.send(self, response=response)
        request_finished.send(self, response=response)
    except Exception:
        if not from_error_handler:
            raise
        self.logger.exception('Request finalizing failed with an '
                              'error while handling an error')
    return response

def do_teardown_request(self, exc=_sentinel):
    if exc is _sentinel:
       exc = sys.exc_info()[1]

    bp = _request_ctx_stack.top.request.blueprint
        if bp is not None and bp in self.teardown_request_funcs:
            funcs = chain(funcs, reversed(self.teardown_request_funcs[bp]))
        for func in funcs:
            func(exc)
        #5.这里一处:request_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)
        request_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)


def do_teardown_appcontext(self, exc=_sentinel):
   if exc is _sentinel:
      exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
  for func in reversed(self.teardown_appcontext_funcs):
      func(exc)
  #6.这里一处:appcontext_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)
  appcontext_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)

def handle_exception(self, e):
    exc_type, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info()
    #7.这里一处:got_request_exception.send(self, exception=e)
   got_request_exception.send(self, exception=e)
   handler = self._find_error_handler(InternalServerError())

def flash(message, category='message'):

    flashes = session.get('_flashes', [])
    flashes.append((category, message))
    session['_flashes'] = flashes
    #8.这里一处:message_flashed.send
    message_flashed.send(current_app._get_current_object(),
                         message=message, category=category)

#还有两处是渲染页面时出现的
def _render(template, context, app):
    """Renders the template and fires the signal"""

    #9.这是一处:before_render_template.send
    before_render_template.send(app, template=template, context=context)
    rv = template.render(context)

    #10.这是一处template_rendered.send
    template_rendered.send(app, template=template, context=context)
    return rv

如果源码点不进去，可以这么处理：

app = Flask(__name__) # type:Flask

当然可以自定义信号：

from flask.signals import _signals
request_coped = _signals.signal('request-coped')

def func(*args,**kwargs):
    print(args,kwargs)

request_coped.connect(func)

request_coped.send(sender='',a=1,b=2)
#打印结果{'sender':'','a':1,'b':2}

如果报错，则要安装blinker：

pip3 install blinker