TCP建立和释放

握手

TCP连接状态

三次握手

下面是状态的解释：

State	Description
LISTEN	The socket is listening for incoming connections. Such sockets are not included in the output unless you specify the --listening (-l) or --all (-a) option.
SYN_SENT	The socket is actively attempting to establish a connection.
SYN_RECV	A connection request has been received from the network.
ESTABLISHED	The socket has an established connection.

四次释放

上面的网图看着还是挺清晰的，但是有个小瑕疵，就是不应该是客户端对服务端，而是主动关闭端对应被动关闭端。主动关闭端要求进入TIME_WAIT 状态。

下面是各种状态的解释：

State	Description
ESTABLISHED	The socket has an established connection.
FIN_WAIT1	The socket is closed, and the connection is shutting down.
FIN_WAIT2	Connection is closed, and the socket is waiting for a shutdown from the remote end.
TIME_WAIT	The socket is waiting after close to handle packets still in the network.
CLOSE	The socket is not being used.
CLOSE_WAIT	The remote end has shut down, waiting for the socket to close.
LAST_ACK	The remote end has shut down, and the socket is closed. Waiting for acknowledgement.
CLOSING	Both sockets are shut down but we still don’t have all our data sent.

TIME_WAIT重置场景

主动端关闭连接之后，被动端发送了FIN报文代表被动端也想要关闭连接。此时，主动端发送的确认报文失效。

被动端没有收到FIN的确认报文，因此重发FIN报文，主动端收到会重置时钟，发送ACK确认报文。