springMVC下的REST风格【基础】

一、新建动态网站项目Dynamic Web Project，并导入jar包

注意：commons-logging.jar包没有导入时，会导致Tomcat启动异常'Starting Tomcat v7.0 Server at localhost' has encountered a problem'，更详细的原理还不清楚

二、配置web.xml

主要是HiddenHttpMethodFilter过滤器和前端控制器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
	
	
	<!-- 配置 org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter: 可以把 POST 
		请求转为 DELETE 或 POST 请求 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>

	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	
	<!-- 配置 前端控制器 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 配置 DispatcherServlet 的一个初始化参数: 配置 SpringMVC 配置文件的位置和名称 -->
		<!-- 实际上也可以不通过 contextConfigLocation 来配置 SpringMVC 的配置文件, 而使用默认的. 默认的配置文件为: 
			/WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml -->
		 <init-param>
		  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		  <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> 
			</init-param> 
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	</web-app>

三、配置applicationContext

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
		
		
		<!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="spring.mvc"></context:component-scan>

	<!-- 配置视图解析器: 如何把 handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 配置视图 BeanNameViewResolver 解析器: 使用视图的名字来解析视图 -->
	<!-- 通过 order 属性来定义视图解析器的优先级, order 值越小优先级越高 
	
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver">
		<property name="order" value="100"></property>
	</bean>
	-->
		<!-- 配置直接转发的页面 -->
	<!-- 可以直接相应转发的页面, 而无需再经过 Handler 的方法. -->
	<mvc:view-controller path="/success" view-name="success" />

	<!-- 在实际开发中通常都需配置 mvc:annotation-driven 标签 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
	
</beans>

四、前台页面和控制器

前台

<form action="/sptest/springmvc/test" method="post">
	<input type="text"  name="key" value="post">
	<input type="submit"  value="submit">	
	</form>
	<br><br><br>
	
	<form action="/sptest/springmvc/test/1" method="post">
	<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete">
	<input type="text"  name="key" value="delete">
	<input type="submit"  value="submit">	
	</form>
	<br><br><br>
	
	<form action="/sptest/springmvc/test/1" method="post">
	
	<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put">
	<input type="text"  name="key" value="put">
	<input type="submit"  value="submit">	
	</form>
	<br><br><br>
	<a href="springmvc/test/1">get</a>

控制器

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/springmvc")
public class myController {
	static{
		System.out.println("扫描到此控制器，并放入IOC容器中");
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/test",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public String  test1(){
		System.out.println("POST");
		return "success";		
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/test/{key}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
	public String  test2(@PathVariable String key){
		System.out.println("PUT"+key);
		return "success";		
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/test/{key}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
	public String  test3(@PathVariable String key){
		System.out.println("DELETE"+key);
		return "success";		
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/test/{key}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String  test4(@PathVariable String key){
		System.out.println("GET"+key);
		return "success";		
	}

}