笔试编程题练习20190811

此题为给定n个数中找出其中3个数的方差最小，并输出最小方差。
解题思路：方差最小，那么这三个数越接近越好，采用排序+滑动窗口的思想解决这一问题。

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<iomanip>
#include<cmath>

using namespace std;

double func(vector<int > data, int index, vector<long long> jifen, int num)
{
	long long sum = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
		sum += data[index + i];

	/*if (num == 3)    以上求和可用积分图思想优化
		sum = jifen[2];
	else
		sum = jifen[index + 2] - jifen[index - 1];*/

	long long result = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	{
		long long err = 3 * data[index + i] - sum;
		result += err*err;
	}

	return result / 27.0;
}

int main()
{
	double minvalue =INT_MAX;
	int num;
	vector<int > data;
	int temp;
	cin >> num;

	if (num <= 2 || num >= 3000)
		return 0;

	for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
	{
		cin >> temp;
		data.push_back(temp);	
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < num - 1;i++)
	for (int j = i + 1; j < num; j++)
	{
		if (data[i] < data[j])
		{
			int t = data[i];
			data[i] = data[j];
			data[j] = t;
		}
	}

	vector<long long > jifen(num, 0);
	jifen[0] = data[0];
	for (int i = 1; i < num; i++)
		jifen[i] = jifen[i - 1] + data[i];

	for (int i = 0; i < num - 2; i++)
	{
		double s = func(data, i, jifen, num);
		if (s < minvalue)
			minvalue = s;
	}

	/*int result = (minvalue + 0.005) * 100;   //0.10只会输出0.1
	cout << result / 100.0 << endl;*/

	cout <<fixed<< setprecision(2) << minvalue << endl;

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}