CentOS Stream 9 源码编译安装 Fcitx5 中文输入法

本文记录了在CentOS Stream 9 上源码编译安装Fcitx5中文输入法的流程以及相关依赖

参考资料:

1. Fcitx5 Wiki 官网
2. linuxmint20.3编译安装最新版fcitx5
3. 记一次Fcitx5的安装

安装依赖

安装C++系列编译环境

sudo dnf groupinstall "Development Tools"

以下是安装完之后通过history命令查看的所有安装依赖包, 编译需要相关的头文件,所以全部要安装带-devel后缀的包, 否则即使安装了依然找不到依赖

sudo dnf install libxcb-devel.x86_64 qt5-devel.noarch qt5-devel  qt5-qtbase-devel qt5-qttools-devel make gcc-c++ xcb-util-keysyms-devel.x86_64 xcb-util-image-devel.x86_64 xcb-util-devel.x86_64 xcb-util-cursor-devel.x86_64 xcb-util-xrm-devel.x86_64 xcb-util-renderutil-devel.x86_64 \
 libutempter-devel.x86_64 uthash-devel uthash-devel.noarch systemd-devel.x86_64 libuuid-devel.x86_64 fmt-devel.x86_64 xcb-util-wm-devel.x86_64 cairo-devel.x86_64 cairo-gobject-devel.x86_64 \ 
 cairomm-devel.x86_64 libxkbfile-devel expat-devel.x86_64 libxkbcommon-devel.x86_64 libxkbcommon-x11-devel.x86_64 iso-codes-devel.noarch xkeyboard-config-devel.noarch json-c-devel.x86_64 enchant-devel.x86_64 enchant2-devel.x86_64 pango-devel.x86_64 \
 gdk-pixbuf2-devel.x86_64 gdk-pixbuf2-xlib-devel.x86_64 doxygen qt5-qtbase-devel qt5-qtbase-private-devel gtk2-devel.x86_64 gtk2-immodules.x86_64 gtk2-immodule-xim.x86_64 gtk2-engines-devel.x86_64 gtk3-devel.x86_64 gtk3-immodule-xim.x86_64 gtk4-devel.x86_64 gtkmm30-devel.x86_64 gtkspell3-devel.x86_64 \
 qt5-qtwebengine-devel.x86_64 qt5-qtwebkit-devel.x86_64  qt5-qtwebview-devel.x86_64   boost-devel.x86_64 libpinyin-devel.x86_64 gobject-introspection-devel.x86_64 libcurl-devel.x86_64 kf5-kitemviews-devel.x86_64 \
 qt5-qtquickcontrols2-devel.x86_64 kf5-kcoreaddons-devel.x86_64 kf5-ki18n-devel.x86_64 kf5-kpackage-devel.x86_64 kf5-kdeclarative-devel.x86_64 kf5-kiconthemes-devel.x86_64 kf5-kirigami2-devel.x86_64 kf5-plasma-devel.x86_64 kf5-kwidgetsaddons-devel.x86_64

依赖不一定完整, 编译过程中 Cmake检查缺少依赖将缺少的依赖库名放网上查找相关的包, 找到包名后, 通过dnf list package_name * 查找带-devel后缀的包, 缺少的依赖大概率需要安装-devel包才能解决

模块编译

所有模块编译后安装到默认位置,因为互相有依赖关系,不建议自定义安装位置,经过观察几乎都是/usr/local 目录下

以下模块需要按顺序安装,前后具有依赖关系

xcb-imdkit

git clone https://github.com/fcitx/xcb-imdkit.git
cd xcb-imdkit
cd mkdir build && cd $_ && cmake .. && make  && sudo make install

cldr-emoji-annotation

git clone https://github.com/fujiwarat/cldr-emoji-annotation.git
cd cldr-emoji-annotation
./autogen.sh
./configure
make && sudo make install

fcitx5

输入法核心库

查看当前使用的显示协议

echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE
#输出x11,wayland,tty...

我这儿使用的是x11, 所以添加-DENABLE_WAYLAND=Off 禁用wayland

git clone https://github.com/fcitx/fcitx5.git
cd fcitx5
cmake -DENABLE_WAYLAND=Off .
make
sudo make install

OpenCC

IME依赖

git clone https://github.com/BYVoid/OpenCC.git
cd OpenCC
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make && sudo make install

编译安装完成之后, 后续检查依赖时可能仍然找不到opencc库

检查OpenCC是否可用,如果输出版本号则一切正常,否则继续配置

pkg-config opencc --modversion

配置pkgconfig, Cmake才能找到依赖库

sudo cp OpenCC/build/rel/opencc.pc /usr/lib64/pkgconfig

libime

IME依赖

git clone https://github.com/fcitx/libime.git
cd libime
#如果缺少该命令,则找不到kenlm相关的依赖
git submodule update --init
mkdir build && cd $_
cmake .. && make -j`nproc` && sudo make install

fcitx5-qt

如果这儿在提示缺少LibIME相关的依赖,那么先安装libime

这儿使用的Qt5 所以禁用Qt4 -DENABLE_QT4=Off

git clone https://github.com/fcitx/fcitx5-qt.git
cd fcitx5-qt
cmake -DENABLE_QT4=Off .
make
sudo make install

fcitx5-gtk

安装完成之后,执行 fcitx5-diagnose检查一下是否有明显错误,如果有参考开头的参考资料排错

git clone https://github.com/fcitx/fcitx5-gtk.git
cd fcitx5-gtk
cmake -DENABLE_GTK4_IM_MODULE=Off .
make
sudo make install

fcitx5-chinese-addons

中文输入法, 依赖上面所有的模块

git clone https://github.com/fcitx/fcitx5-chinese-addons.git
cd fcitx5-chinese-addons
mkdir build 
cd build
cmake ..
make 
sudo make install

fcitx5-configtool

配置工具

git clone https://github.com/fcitx/fcitx5-configtool.git
cd fcitx5-configtool
cmake .
make && sudo make install

环境变量配置

设置默认FCITX

在 ~/.bashrc添加

export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx
export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx

source ~/.bashrc

注销用户重新登录

配置输入法

启动输入法 fcitx5

打开配置界面 fcitx5-configtool, 配置偏好