我们先来看一个简单的Android app例子(这里是一个商品存货清单项目),在Android程序中,我们可以访问(call)PHP脚本来执行简单的CRUD操作(创建,读取,更新,删除)。为了使你对它的体系结构有一个大概的了解,这里先说一下它是怎么工作的。首先你的Android项目访问(call)PHP脚本来执行一条数据操作,我们称它为“创建”。然后PHP脚本连接MySQL数据库来执行这个操作。这样,数据从Android程序流向PHP脚本,最终存储在MySQL数据库中。
好了,让我们来深入的看一下。
请注意:这里提供的代码只是为了使你能简单的连接Android项目和PHP,MySQL。你不能把它作为一个标准或者安全编程实践。在生产环境中,理想情况下你需要避免使用任何可能造成潜在注入漏洞的代码(比如MYSQL注入)。MYSQL注入是一个很大的话题,不可能用单独的一篇文章来说清楚,并且它也不在本文讨论的范围内,所以本文不以讨论。
1. 什么是WAMP Server
WAMP是Windows,Apache,MySQL和PHP,Perl,Python的简称。WAMP是一个一键安装的软件,它为开发PHP,MySQL Web应用程序提供一个环境。安装这款软件你相当于安装了Apache,MySQL和PHP。或者,你也可以使用XAMP。
2. 安装和使用WAMP Server
你可以从http://www.wampserver.com/en/下载WAMP,安装完成之后,可以从开始->所有程序->WampServer->StartWampServer运行该程序。
在浏览器中输入http://localhost/来测试你的服务器是否安装成功。同样的,也可以打开http://localhost/phpmyadmin来检验phpmyadmin是否安装成功。
3. 创建和运行PHP项目
现在,你已经有一个能开发PHP和MYSQL项目的环境了。打开安装WAMP Server的文件夹(在我的电脑中,是C:\wamp\),打开www文件夹,为你的项目创建一个新的文件夹。你必须把项目中所有的文件放到这个文件夹中。
新建一个名为android_connect的文件夹,并新建一个php文件,命名为test.php,尝试输入一些简单的php代码(如下所示)。输入下面的代码后,打开http://localhost/android_connect/test.php,你会在浏览器中看到“Welcome,I am connecting Android to PHP,MySQL”(如果没有正确输入,请检查WAMP配置是否正确)
test.php
- <?php
- echo"Welcome, I am connecting Android to PHP, MySQL";
- ?>
在本教程中,我创建了一个简单的只有一张表的数据库。我会用这个表来执行一些示例操作。现在,请在浏览器中输入http://localhost/phpmyadmin/,并打开phpmyadmin。你可以用PhpMyAdmin工具创建数据库和表。
创建数据库和表:数据库名:androidhive,表:product
- CREATE TABLE products(
- pid int(11) primary key auto_increment,
- name varchar(100) not null,
- price decimal(10,2) not null,
- description text,
- created_at timestamp default now(),
- updated_at timestamp
- );
现在,真正的服务器端编程开始了。新建一个PHP类来连接MYSQL数据库。这个类的主要功能是打开数据库连接和在不需要时关闭数据库连接。
新建两个文件db_config.php,db_connect.php
db_config.php--------存储数据库连接变量
db_connect.php-------连接数据库的类文件
db_config.php
- <?php
- /*
- * All database connection variables
- */
- define('DB_USER', "root"); // db user
- define('DB_PASSWORD', ""); // db password (mention your db password here)
- define('DB_DATABASE', "androidhive"); // database name
- define('DB_SERVER', "localhost"); // db server
- ?>
这里的DB_USER DB_PASSWORD要换成自己数据库对应的用户名、密码
db_connect.php
- <?php
- /**
- * A class file to connect to database
- */
- class DB_CONNECT {
- // constructor
- function __construct() {
- // connecting to database
- $this->connect();
- }
- // destructor
- function __destruct() {
- // closing db connection
- $this->close();
- }
- /**
- * Function to connect with database
- */
- function connect() {
- // import database connection variables
- require_once __DIR__ . '/db_config.php';
- // Connecting to mysql database
- $con = mysql_connect(DB_SERVER, DB_USER, DB_PASSWORD) or die(mysql_error());
- // Selecing database
- $db = mysql_select_db(DB_DATABASE) or die(mysql_error()) or die(mysql_error());
- // returing connection cursor
- return $con;
- }
- /**
- * Function to close db connection
- */
- function close() {
- // closing db connection
- mysql_close();
- }
- }
- ?>
- $db= new DB_CONNECT(); // creating class object(will open database connection)
在这部分,我将讲述使用PHP对MySQL数据库执行基本CRUD(创建,读取,更新,删除)操作。
如果你是PHP和MySQL新手,我建议你可以先学习PHP和SQL基础知识。
6. a)在MYSQL中新建一行(创建一行新的产品)
在你的PHP项目中新建一个php文件,命名为create_product.php,并输入以下代码。该文件主要实现在products表中插入一个新的产品。
在下面的代码我使用POST来读取产品数据并把他们存储在products表中。
最后我会输出一些JSON返回值,以便返回给客户端(Android项目)
create_product.php
- <?php
- /*
- * Following code will create a new product row
- * All product details are read from HTTP Post Request
- */
- // array for JSON response
- $response = array();
- // check for required fields
- if (isset($_POST['name']) && isset($_POST['price']) && isset($_POST['description'])) {
- $name = $_POST['name'];
- $price = $_POST['price'];
- $description = $_POST['description'];
- // include db connect class
- require_once __DIR__ . '/db_connect.php';
- // connecting to db
- $db = new DB_CONNECT();
- // mysql inserting a new row
- $result = mysql_query("INSERT INTO products(name, price, description) VALUES('$name', '$price', '$description')");
- // check if row inserted or not
- if ($result) {
- // successfully inserted into database
- $response["success"] = 1;
- $response["message"] = "Product successfully created.";
- // echoing JSON response
- echo json_encode($response);
- } else {
- // failed to insert row
- $response["success"] = 0;
- $response["message"] = "Oops! An error occurred.";
- // echoing JSON response
- echo json_encode($response);
- }
- } else {
- // required field is missing
- $response["success"] = 0;
- $response["message"] = "Required field(s) is missing";
- // echoing JSON response
- echo json_encode($response);
- }
- ?>
当POST 参数丢失
- {
- "success": 0,
- "message": "Required field(s) is missing"
- }
- {
- "success": 1,
- "message": "Product successfully created."
- }
- {
- "success": 0,
- "message": "Oops! An error occurred."
- }
实际测试的时候,出现Required field(s) is missing php错误,我把$_POST换成$_GET就对了,对应的NewProductActivity也要换成GET方法
6. b)从MySQL中读取一行信息(读取产品详细信息)
创建一个新的php文件,命名为get_product_details.php,写入以下代码。
该文件通过传递产品id作为POST参数获得单个产品的详细信息
get_product_details.php
- <?php
- /*
- * Following code will get single product details
- * A product is identified by product id (pid)
- */
- // array for JSON response
- $response = array();
- // include db connect class
- require_once __DIR__ . '/db_connect.php';
- // connecting to db
- $db = new DB_CONNECT();
- // check for post data
- if (isset($_GET["pid"])) {
- $pid = $_GET['pid'];
- // get a product from products table
- $result = mysql_query("SELECT *FROM products WHERE pid = $pid");
- if (!empty($result)) {
- // check for empty result
- if (mysql_num_rows($result) > 0) {
- $result = mysql_fetch_array($result);
- $product = array();
- $product["pid"] = $result["pid"];
- $product["name"] = $result["name"];
- $product["price"] = $result["price"];
- $product["description"] = $result["description"];
- $product["created_at"] = $result["created_at"];
- $product["updated_at"] = $result["updated_at"];
- // success
- $response["success"] = 1;
- // user node
- $response["product"] = array();
- array_push($response["product"], $product);
- // echoing JSON response
- echo json_encode($response);
- } else {
- // no product found
- $response["success"] = 0;
- $response["message"] = "No product found";
- // echo no users JSON
- echo json_encode($response);
- }
- } else {
- // no product found
- $response["success"] = 0;
- $response["message"] = "No product found";
- // echo no users JSON
- echo json_encode($response);
- }
- } else {
- // required field is missing
- $response["success"] = 0;
- $response["message"] = "Required field(s) is missing";
- // echoing JSON response
- echo json_encode($response);
- }
- ?>
- The json response for the above file will be
- When successfully getting product details
- {
- "success": 1,
- "product": [
- {
- "pid": "1",
- "name": "iPHone 4S",
- "price": "300.00",
- "description": "iPhone 4S white",
- "created_at": "2012-04-29 01:41:42",
- "updated_at": "0000-00-00 00:00:00"
- }
- ]
- }
- When no product found with matched pid
- {
- "success": 0,
- "message": "No product found"
- }
我们需要用json数据在Android设备上显示所有的产品。
新建一个php文件,命名为get_all_products.php,写入以下代码。
get_all_products.php
- <?php
- /*
- * Following code will list all the products
- */
- // array for JSON response
- $response = array();
- // include db connect class
- require_once __DIR__ . '/db_connect.php';
- // connecting to db
- $db = new DB_CONNECT();
- // get all products from products table
- $result = mysql_query("SELECT *FROM products") or die(mysql_error());
- // check for empty result
- if (mysql_num_rows($result) > 0) {
- // looping through all results
- // products node
- $response["products"] = array();
- while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
- // temp user array
- $product = array();
- $product["pid"] = $row["pid"];
- $product["name"] = $row["name"];
- $product["price"] = $row["price"];
- $product["created_at"] = $row["created_at"];
- $product["updated_at"] = $row["updated_at"];
- // push single product into final response array
- array_push($response["products"], $product);
- }
- // success
- $response["success"] = 1;
- // echoing JSON response
- echo json_encode($response);
- } else {
- // no products found
- $response["success"] = 0;
- $response["message"] = "No products found";
- // echo no users JSON
- echo json_encode($response);
- }
- ?>
- And the JSON response for above code
- Listing all Products
- {
- "products": [
- {
- "pid": "1",
- "name": "iPhone 4S",
- "price": "300.00",
- "created_at": "2012-04-29 02:04:02",
- "updated_at": "0000-00-00 00:00:00"
- },
- {
- "pid": "2",
- "name": "Macbook Pro",
- "price": "600.00",
- "created_at": "2012-04-29 02:04:51",
- "updated_at": "0000-00-00 00:00:00"
- },
- {
- "pid": "3",
- "name": "Macbook Air",
- "price": "800.00",
- "created_at": "2012-04-29 02:05:57",
- "updated_at": "0000-00-00 00:00:00"
- },
- {
- "pid": "4",
- "name": "OS X Lion",
- "price": "100.00",
- "created_at": "2012-04-29 02:07:14",
- "updated_at": "0000-00-00 00:00:00"
- }
- ],
- "success": 1
- }
- When products not found
- {
- "success": 0,
- "message": "No products found"
- }
新建一个php文件,命名为update_product.php。每一个产品通过pid标识。
update_product.php
- <?php
- /*
- * Following code will update a product information
- * A product is identified by product id (pid)
- */
- // array for JSON response
- $response = array();
- // check for required fields
- if (isset($_POST['pid']) && isset($_POST['name']) && isset($_POST['price']) && isset($_POST['description'])) {
- $pid = $_POST['pid'];
- $name = $_POST['name'];
- $price = $_POST['price'];
- $description = $_POST['description'];
- // include db connect class
- require_once __DIR__ . '/db_connect.php';
- // connecting to db
- $db = new DB_CONNECT();
- // mysql update row with matched pid
- $result = mysql_query("UPDATE products SET name = '$name', price = '$price', description = '$description' WHERE pid = $pid");
- // check if row inserted or not
- if ($result) {
- // successfully updated
- $response["success"] = 1;
- $response["message"] = "Product successfully updated.";
- // echoing JSON response
- echo json_encode($response);
- } else {
- }
- } else {
- // required field is missing
- $response["success"] = 0;
- $response["message"] = "Required field(s) is missing";
- // echoing JSON response
- echo json_encode($response);
- }
- ?>
- The json reponse of above code, when product is updated successfully
- {
- "success": 1,
- "message": "Product successfully updated."
- }
新建一个php文件,命名为delete_product.php。该文件主要功能是从数据库中删除一个产品。
delete_product.php
- <?php
- /*
- * Following code will delete a product from table
- * A product is identified by product id (pid)
- */
- // array for JSON response
- $response = array();
- // check for required fields
- if (isset($_POST['pid'])) {
- $pid = $_POST['pid'];
- // include db connect class
- require_once __DIR__ . '/db_connect.php';
- // connecting to db
- $db = new DB_CONNECT();
- // mysql update row with matched pid
- $result = mysql_query("DELETE FROM products WHERE pid = $pid");
- // check if row deleted or not
- if (mysql_affected_rows() > 0) {
- // successfully updated
- $response["success"] = 1;
- $response["message"] = "Product successfully deleted";
- // echoing JSON response
- echo json_encode($response);
- } else {
- // no product found
- $response["success"] = 0;
- $response["message"] = "No product found";
- // echo no users JSON
- echo json_encode($response);
- }
- } else {
- // required field is missing
- $response["success"] = 0;
- $response["message"] = "Required field(s) is missing";
- // echoing JSON response
- echo json_encode($response);
- }
- ?>
- When product successfully deleted
- {
- "success": 1,
- "message": "Product successfully deleted"
- }
- When product not found
- {
- "success": 0,
- "message": "No product found"
- }
7. 新建一个Android应用程序
在Eclipse IDE中创建一个新项目,填写所需的细节信息。
1. 新建项目,在菜单中选择File->New->Android Project,把Activity类命名为MainScreenActivity
2. 打开AndroidManifest.xml,添加以下代码。我先在manifest文件中添加了所需的全部Activity类。同样需要添加INTERNET连接权限(非常重要)
AndroidManifest.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- package="com.example.androidhive"
- android:versionCode="1"
- android:versionName="1.0" >
- <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
- <application
- android:configChanges="keyboardHidden|orientation"
- android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
- android:label="@string/app_name" >
- <activity
- android:name=".MainScreenActivity"
- android:label="@string/app_name" >
- <intent-filter>
- <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
- <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
- </intent-filter>
- </activity>
- <!-- All Product Activity -->
- <activity
- android:name=".AllProductsActivity"
- android:label="All Products" >
- </activity>
- <!-- Add Product Activity -->
- <activity
- android:name=".NewProductActivity"
- android:label="Add New Product" >
- </activity>
- <!-- Edit Product Activity -->
- <activity
- android:name=".EditProductActivity"
- android:label="Edit Product" >
- </activity>
- </application>
- <!-- Internet Permissions -->
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
- </manifest>
main_screen.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:gravity="center_horizontal">
- <!-- Sample Dashboard screen with Two buttons -->
- <!-- Button to view all products screen -->
- <Button android:id="@+id/btnViewProducts"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="View Products"
- android:layout_marginTop="25dip"/>
- <!-- Button to create a new product screen -->
- <Button android:id="@+id/btnCreateProduct"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Add New Products"
- android:layout_marginTop="25dip"/>
- </LinearLayout>
4. 打开MainScreenActivity.java为main_screen.xml文件里的两个按钮添加点击事件
MainScreenActivity.Java
- package com.example.androidhive;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.widget.Button;
- public class MainScreenActivity extends Activity{
- Button btnViewProducts;
- Button btnNewProduct;
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main_screen);
- // Buttons
- btnViewProducts = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnViewProducts);
- btnNewProduct = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnCreateProduct);
- // view products click event
- btnViewProducts.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View view) {
- // Launching All products Activity
- Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), AllProductsActivity.class);
- startActivity(i);
- }
- });
- // view products click event
- btnNewProduct.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View view) {
- // Launching create new product activity
- Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), NewProductActivity.class);
- startActivity(i);
- }
- });
- }
- }
现在我们需要一个Activity来以列表的形式显示所有产品。如我们所知,使用ListView需要两个xml文件,一个是列表布局,另一个是单个的列表项布局。在res->layout文件夹下新建两个xml文件:all_product.xml和list_item.xml
all_product.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical">
- <!-- Main ListView
- Always give id value as list(@android:id/list)
- -->
- <ListView
- android:id="@android:id/list"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
- </LinearLayout>
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:orientation="vertical" >
- <!-- Product id (pid) - will be HIDDEN - used to pass to other activity -->
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/pid"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:visibility="gone" />
- <!-- Name Label -->
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/name"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:paddingTop="6dip"
- android:paddingLeft="6dip"
- android:textSize="17dip"
- android:textStyle="bold" />
- </LinearLayout>
在下面的代码中,
首先,在后台AsyncTask线程中发送一个请求给get_all_products.php
然后,从get_all_products.php获取JSON格式的数据,我为json转换了格式(parser),并使其显示在ListView中。
如果没有找到产品,会跳转到AddNewProductActivity
AllProductActivity.java
- package com.example.androidhive;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
- import org.json.JSONArray;
- import org.json.JSONException;
- import org.json.JSONObject;
- import android.app.ListActivity;
- import android.app.ProgressDialog;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.AsyncTask;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.widget.AdapterView;
- import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
- import android.widget.ListAdapter;
- import android.widget.ListView;
- import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- public class AllProductsActivity extends ListActivity {
- // Progress Dialog
- private ProgressDialog pDialog;
- // Creating JSON Parser object
- JSONParser jParser = new JSONParser();
- ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> productsList;
- // url to get all products list
- private static String url_all_products = "http://api.androidhive.info/android_connect/get_all_products.php";
- // JSON Node names
- private static final String TAG_SUCCESS = "success";
- private static final String TAG_PRODUCTS = "products";
- private static final String TAG_PID = "pid";
- private static final String TAG_NAME = "name";
- // products JSONArray
- JSONArray products = null;
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.all_products);
- // Hashmap for ListView
- productsList = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
- // Loading products in Background Thread
- new LoadAllProducts().execute();
- // Get listview
- ListView lv = getListView();
- // on seleting single product
- // launching Edit Product Screen
- lv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
- int position, long id) {
- // getting values from selected ListItem
- String pid = ((TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.pid)).getText()
- .toString();
- // Starting new intent
- Intent in = new Intent(getApplicationContext(),
- EditProductActivity.class);
- // sending pid to next activity
- in.putExtra(TAG_PID, pid);
- // starting new activity and expecting some response back
- startActivityForResult(in, 100);
- }
- });
- }
- // Response from Edit Product Activity
- @Override
- protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
- super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
- // if result code 100
- if (resultCode == 100) {
- // if result code 100 is received
- // means user edited/deleted product
- // reload this screen again
- Intent intent = getIntent();
- finish();
- startActivity(intent);
- }
- }
- /**
- * Background Async Task to Load all product by making HTTP Request
- * */
- class LoadAllProducts extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
- /**
- * Before starting background thread Show Progress Dialog
- * */
- @Override
- protected void onPreExecute() {
- super.onPreExecute();
- pDialog = new ProgressDialog(AllProductsActivity.this);
- pDialog.setMessage("Loading products. Please wait...");
- pDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
- pDialog.setCancelable(false);
- pDialog.show();
- }
- /**
- * getting All products from url
- * */
- protected String doInBackground(String... args) {
- // Building Parameters
- List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
- // getting JSON string from URL
- JSONObject json = jParser.makeHttpRequest(url_all_products, "GET", params);
- // Check your log cat for JSON reponse
- Log.d("All Products: ", json.toString());
- try {
- // Checking for SUCCESS TAG
- int success = json.getInt(TAG_SUCCESS);
- if (success == 1) {
- // products found
- // Getting Array of Products
- products = json.getJSONArray(TAG_PRODUCTS);
- // looping through All Products
- for (int i = 0; i < products.length(); i++) {
- JSONObject c = products.getJSONObject(i);
- // Storing each json item in variable
- String id = c.getString(TAG_PID);
- String name = c.getString(TAG_NAME);
- // creating new HashMap
- HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
- // adding each child node to HashMap key => value
- map.put(TAG_PID, id);
- map.put(TAG_NAME, name);
- // adding HashList to ArrayList
- productsList.add(map);
- }
- } else {
- // no products found
- // Launch Add New product Activity
- Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(),
- NewProductActivity.class);
- // Closing all previous activities
- i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
- startActivity(i);
- }
- } catch (JSONException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * After completing background task Dismiss the progress dialog
- * **/
- protected void onPostExecute(String file_url) {
- // dismiss the dialog after getting all products
- pDialog.dismiss();
- // updating UI from Background Thread
- runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
- public void run() {
- /**
- * Updating parsed JSON data into ListView
- * */
- ListAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(
- AllProductsActivity.this, productsList,
- R.layout.list_item, new String[] { TAG_PID,
- TAG_NAME},
- new int[] { R.id.pid, R.id.name });
- // updating listview
- setListAdapter(adapter);
- }
- });
- }
- }
- }
7. 添加一个新产品(写入)
创建一个新的view和activity来向MySQL数据库添加新产品。
新建一个简单的表单,创建提供输入产品名称,价格和描述的EditText
add_product.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical" >
- <!-- Name Label -->
- <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Product Name"
- android:paddingLeft="10dip"
- android:paddingRight="10dip"
- android:paddingTop="10dip"
- android:textSize="17dip"/>
- <!-- Input Name -->
- <EditText android:id="@+id/inputName"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_margin="5dip"
- android:layout_marginBottom="15dip"
- android:singleLine="true"/>
- <!-- Price Label -->
- <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Price"
- android:paddingLeft="10dip"
- android:paddingRight="10dip"
- android:paddingTop="10dip"
- android:textSize="17dip"/>
- <!-- Input Price -->
- <EditText android:id="@+id/inputPrice"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_margin="5dip"
- android:layout_marginBottom="15dip"
- android:singleLine="true"
- android:inputType="numberDecimal"/>
- <!-- Description Label -->
- <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Description"
- android:paddingLeft="10dip"
- android:paddingRight="10dip"
- android:paddingTop="10dip"
- android:textSize="17dip"/>
- <!-- Input description -->
- <EditText android:id="@+id/inputDesc"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_margin="5dip"
- android:layout_marginBottom="15dip"
- android:lines="4"
- android:gravity="top"/>
- <!-- Button Create Product -->
- <Button android:id="@+id/btnCreateProduct"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Create Product"/>
- </LinearLayout>
8. 新建一个Activity来处理向MySQL数据库插入新产品。
新建名为NewProductActivity.java的文件,输入以下代码。在下面的代码中
首先,从EditText获得用户输入的产品数据,格式化成基本参数格式
然后,向create_product.php发送请求,通过HTTP POST创建一个新的产品
最后,从create_product.php获取json返回值,如果success值为1,新得到的列表中就加入了新增的产品。
NewProductActivity.java
- package com.example.androidhive;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
- import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
- import org.json.JSONException;
- import org.json.JSONObject;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.app.ProgressDialog;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.AsyncTask;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.EditText;
- public class NewProductActivity extends Activity {
- // Progress Dialog
- private ProgressDialog pDialog;
- JSONParser jsonParser = new JSONParser();
- EditText inputName;
- EditText inputPrice;
- EditText inputDesc;
- // url to create new product
- private static String url_create_product = "http://api.androidhive.info/android_connect/create_product.php";
- // JSON Node names
- private static final String TAG_SUCCESS = "success";
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.add_product);
- // Edit Text
- inputName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.inputName);
- inputPrice = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.inputPrice);
- inputDesc = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.inputDesc);
- // Create button
- Button btnCreateProduct = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnCreateProduct);
- // button click event
- btnCreateProduct.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View view) {
- // creating new product in background thread
- new CreateNewProduct().execute();
- }
- });
- }
- /**
- * Background Async Task to Create new product
- * */
- class CreateNewProduct extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
- /**
- * Before starting background thread Show Progress Dialog
- * */
- @Override
- protected void onPreExecute() {
- super.onPreExecute();
- pDialog = new ProgressDialog(NewProductActivity.this);
- pDialog.setMessage("Creating Product..");
- pDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
- pDialog.setCancelable(true);
- pDialog.show();
- }
- /**
- * Creating product
- * */
- protected String doInBackground(String... args) {
- String name = inputName.getText().toString();
- String price = inputPrice.getText().toString();
- String description = inputDesc.getText().toString();
- // Building Parameters
- List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", name));
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("price", price));
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("description", description));
- // getting JSON Object
- // Note that create product url accepts POST method
- JSONObject json = jsonParser.makeHttpRequest(url_create_product,
- "POST", params);
- // check log cat fro response
- Log.d("Create Response", json.toString());
- // check for success tag
- try {
- int success = json.getInt(TAG_SUCCESS);
- if (success == 1) {
- // successfully created product
- Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), AllProductsActivity.class);
- startActivity(i);
- // closing this screen
- finish();
- } else {
- // failed to create product
- }
- } catch (JSONException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * After completing background task Dismiss the progress dialog
- * **/
- protected void onPostExecute(String file_url) {
- // dismiss the dialog once done
- pDialog.dismiss();
- }
- }
- }
你稍加注意就会发现,在AllProductsActivity.java中,选中列表的某一项,会进入EditProductActivity.java。
接下来新建一个名为edit_product,xml的xml文件,创建类似create_product,xml的表单。
edit_product,xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical" >
- <!-- Name Label -->
- <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Product Name"
- android:paddingLeft="10dip"
- android:paddingRight="10dip"
- android:paddingTop="10dip"
- android:textSize="17dip"/>
- <!-- Input Name -->
- <EditText android:id="@+id/inputName"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_margin="5dip"
- android:layout_marginBottom="15dip"
- android:singleLine="true"/>
- <!-- Price Label -->
- <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Price"
- android:paddingLeft="10dip"
- android:paddingRight="10dip"
- android:paddingTop="10dip"
- android:textSize="17dip"/>
- <!-- Input Price -->
- <EditText android:id="@+id/inputPrice"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_margin="5dip"
- android:layout_marginBottom="15dip"
- android:singleLine="true"
- android:inputType="numberDecimal"/>
- <!-- Description Label -->
- <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Description"
- android:paddingLeft="10dip"
- android:paddingRight="10dip"
- android:paddingTop="10dip"
- android:textSize="17dip"/>
- <!-- Input description -->
- <EditText android:id="@+id/inputDesc"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_margin="5dip"
- android:layout_marginBottom="15dip"
- android:lines="4"
- android:gravity="top"/>
- <LinearLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:orientation="horizontal">
- <!-- Button Create Product -->
- <Button android:id="@+id/btnSave"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Save Changes"
- android:layout_weight="1"/>
- <!-- Button Create Product -->
- <Button android:id="@+id/btnDelete"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="Delete"
- android:layout_weight="1"/>
- </LinearLayout>
- </LinearLayout>
在以下代码中:
首先,从intent中读取发送给ListView的产品id(pid)
然后,向get_product_details.php发送请求,获得json格式的产品详细信息,把它显示在EditText中。
然后,当产品信息显示在表单中后,如果用户点击保存按钮,会向update_product.php发送另一个HTTP请求,更新数据库中的产品信息
如果用户点击删除按钮,将会向delete_product.php发送请求,该产品慧聪MySQL数据库中删除,ListView刷新后显示新的产品列表。
EditProductActivity.java
- package com.example.androidhive;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
- import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
- import org.json.JSONArray;
- import org.json.JSONException;
- import org.json.JSONObject;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.app.ProgressDialog;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.AsyncTask;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.EditText;
- public class EditProductActivity extends Activity {
- EditText txtName;
- EditText txtPrice;
- EditText txtDesc;
- EditText txtCreatedAt;
- Button btnSave;
- Button btnDelete;
- String pid;
- // Progress Dialog
- private ProgressDialog pDialog;
- // JSON parser class
- JSONParser jsonParser = new JSONParser();
- // single product url
- private static final String url_product_detials = "http://api.androidhive.info/android_connect/get_product_details.php";
- // url to update product
- private static final String url_update_product = "http://api.androidhive.info/android_connect/update_product.php";
- // url to delete product
- private static final String url_delete_product = "http://api.androidhive.info/android_connect/delete_product.php";
- // JSON Node names
- private static final String TAG_SUCCESS = "success";
- private static final String TAG_PRODUCT = "product";
- private static final String TAG_PID = "pid";
- private static final String TAG_NAME = "name";
- private static final String TAG_PRICE = "price";
- private static final String TAG_DESCRIPTION = "description";
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.edit_product);
- // save button
- btnSave = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSave);
- btnDelete = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnDelete);
- // getting product details from intent
- Intent i = getIntent();
- // getting product id (pid) from intent
- pid = i.getStringExtra(TAG_PID);
- // Getting complete product details in background thread
- new GetProductDetails().execute();
- // save button click event
- btnSave.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View arg0) {
- // starting background task to update product
- new SaveProductDetails().execute();
- }
- });
- // Delete button click event
- btnDelete.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View arg0) {
- // deleting product in background thread
- new DeleteProduct().execute();
- }
- });
- }
- /**
- * Background Async Task to Get complete product details
- * */
- class GetProductDetails extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
- /**
- * Before starting background thread Show Progress Dialog
- * */
- @Override
- protected void onPreExecute() {
- super.onPreExecute();
- pDialog = new ProgressDialog(EditProductActivity.this);
- pDialog.setMessage("Loading product details. Please wait...");
- pDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
- pDialog.setCancelable(true);
- pDialog.show();
- }
- /**
- * Getting product details in background thread
- * */
- protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
- // updating UI from Background Thread
- runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
- public void run() {
- // Check for success tag
- int success;
- try {
- // Building Parameters
- List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pid", pid));
- // getting product details by making HTTP request
- // Note that product details url will use GET request
- JSONObject json = jsonParser.makeHttpRequest(
- url_product_detials, "GET", params);
- // check your log for json response
- Log.d("Single Product Details", json.toString());
- // json success tag
- success = json.getInt(TAG_SUCCESS);
- if (success == 1) {
- // successfully received product details
- JSONArray productObj = json
- .getJSONArray(TAG_PRODUCT); // JSON Array
- // get first product object from JSON Array
- JSONObject product = productObj.getJSONObject(0);
- // product with this pid found
- // Edit Text
- txtName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.inputName);
- txtPrice = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.inputPrice);
- txtDesc = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.inputDesc);
- // display product data in EditText
- txtName.setText(product.getString(TAG_NAME));
- txtPrice.setText(product.getString(TAG_PRICE));
- txtDesc.setText(product.getString(TAG_DESCRIPTION));
- }else{
- // product with pid not found
- }
- } catch (JSONException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- });
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * After completing background task Dismiss the progress dialog
- * **/
- protected void onPostExecute(String file_url) {
- // dismiss the dialog once got all details
- pDialog.dismiss();
- }
- }
- /**
- * Background Async Task to Save product Details
- * */
- class SaveProductDetails extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
- /**
- * Before starting background thread Show Progress Dialog
- * */
- @Override
- protected void onPreExecute() {
- super.onPreExecute();
- pDialog = new ProgressDialog(EditProductActivity.this);
- pDialog.setMessage("Saving product ...");
- pDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
- pDialog.setCancelable(true);
- pDialog.show();
- }
- /**
- * Saving product
- * */
- protected String doInBackground(String... args) {
- // getting updated data from EditTexts
- String name = txtName.getText().toString();
- String price = txtPrice.getText().toString();
- String description = txtDesc.getText().toString();
- // Building Parameters
- List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(TAG_PID, pid));
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(TAG_NAME, name));
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(TAG_PRICE, price));
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(TAG_DESCRIPTION, description));
- // sending modified data through http request
- // Notice that update product url accepts POST method
- JSONObject json = jsonParser.makeHttpRequest(url_update_product,
- "POST", params);
- // check json success tag
- try {
- int success = json.getInt(TAG_SUCCESS);
- if (success == 1) {
- // successfully updated
- Intent i = getIntent();
- // send result code 100 to notify about product update
- setResult(100, i);
- finish();
- } else {
- // failed to update product
- }
- } catch (JSONException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * After completing background task Dismiss the progress dialog
- * **/
- protected void onPostExecute(String file_url) {
- // dismiss the dialog once product uupdated
- pDialog.dismiss();
- }
- }
- /*****************************************************************
- * Background Async Task to Delete Product
- * */
- class DeleteProduct extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
- /**
- * Before starting background thread Show Progress Dialog
- * */
- @Override
- protected void onPreExecute() {
- super.onPreExecute();
- pDialog = new ProgressDialog(EditProductActivity.this);
- pDialog.setMessage("Deleting Product...");
- pDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
- pDialog.setCancelable(true);
- pDialog.show();
- }
- /**
- * Deleting product
- * */
- protected String doInBackground(String... args) {
- // Check for success tag
- int success;
- try {
- // Building Parameters
- List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pid", pid));
- // getting product details by making HTTP request
- JSONObject json = jsonParser.makeHttpRequest(
- url_delete_product, "POST", params);
- // check your log for json response
- Log.d("Delete Product", json.toString());
- // json success tag
- success = json.getInt(TAG_SUCCESS);
- if (success == 1) {
- // product successfully deleted
- // notify previous activity by sending code 100
- Intent i = getIntent();
- // send result code 100 to notify about product deletion
- setResult(100, i);
- finish();
- }
- } catch (JSONException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * After completing background task Dismiss the progress dialog
- * **/
- protected void onPostExecute(String file_url) {
- // dismiss the dialog once product deleted
- pDialog.dismiss();
- }
- }
- }
11. JSONParser类
我用一个JSONParser类从URL获得JSON格式的数据。这个类支持两种http请求,GET和POST方法从URL获取JSON数据
JSONParser.java
- package com.example.androidhive;
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.InputStreamReader;
- import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
- import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
- import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
- import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
- import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
- import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
- import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
- import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
- import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
- import org.json.JSONException;
- import org.json.JSONObject;
- import android.util.Log;
- public class JSONParser {
- static InputStream is = null;
- static JSONObject jObj = null;
- static String json = "";
- // constructor
- public JSONParser() {
- }
- // function get json from url
- // by making HTTP POST or GET mehtod
- public JSONObject makeHttpRequest(String url, String method,
- List<NameValuePair> params) {
- // Making HTTP request
- try {
- // check for request method
- if(method == "POST"){
- // request method is POST
- // defaultHttpClient
- DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
- HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
- httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params));
- HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
- HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
- is = httpEntity.getContent();
- }else if(method == "GET"){
- // request method is GET
- DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
- String paramString = URLEncodedUtils.format(params, "utf-8");
- url += "?" + paramString;
- HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
- HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
- HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
- is = httpEntity.getContent();
- }
- } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- try {
- BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
- is, "iso-8859-1"), 8);
- StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
- String line = null;
- while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
- sb.append(line + "\n");
- }
- is.close();
- json = sb.toString();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- Log.e("Buffer Error", "Error converting result " + e.toString());
- }
- // try parse the string to a JSON object
- try {
- jObj = new JSONObject(json);
- } catch (JSONException e) {
- Log.e("JSON Parser", "Error parsing data " + e.toString());
- }
- // return JSON String
- return jObj;
- }
- }
运行你的代码,测试一下程序吧。你可能会遇到不少错误,经常使用LogCat来调试你的项目。
如果你不能解决那些错误,请在此留言。
原文链接:http://www.androidhive.info/2012/05/how-to-connect-android-with-php-mysql/
测试环境:WAMP: 2.4 Apache :2.4.4 PHP: 5.4.16
源码下载地址: http://download.csdn.net/detail/welovesunflower/7383361
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