最近在项目中在做消息模块的时候遇到了ormlite这个框架,很郁闷,,这几天看了一下总结一下!!!
这篇文章属于转载鸿洋大师的文章 http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/39121377
1、下载 ORMLite Jar
首先去ORMLite官网下载jar包,对于Android为:ormlite-android-4.48.jar 和 ormlite-core-4.48.jar ;
ps:访问不了的朋友,文章末尾会把jar、源码、doc与本篇博客例子一起打包提供给大家下载。
2、配置Bean类
有了jar,我们直接新建一个项目为:zhy_ormlite,然后把jar拷贝到libs下。
然后新建一个包:com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.bean专门用于存放项目中的Bean,首先新建一个User.Java
package com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.bean;
import com.j256.ormlite.field.DatabaseField;
import com.j256.ormlite.table.DatabaseTable;
@DatabaseTable(tableName = "tb_user")
public class User
{
@DatabaseField(generatedId = true)
private int id;
@DatabaseField(columnName = "name")
private String name;
@DatabaseField(columnName = "desc")
private String desc;
public User()
{
}
public User(String name, String desc)
{
this.name = name;
this.desc = desc;
}
public int getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(int id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public String getDesc()
{
return desc;
}
public void setDesc(String desc)
{
this.desc = desc;
}
}
首先在User类上添加@DatabaseTable(tableName = "tb_user"),标明这是数据库中的一张表,标明为tb_user
然后分别在属性上添加@DatabaseField(columnName = "name") ,columnName的值为该字段在数据中的列名
@DatabaseField(generatedId = true) ,generatedId 表示id为主键且自动生成
3、编写DAO类
原生的数据库操作,需要继承SQLiteOpenHelper,这里我们需要继承OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper,看代码:
package com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.db;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import com.j256.ormlite.android.apptools.OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper;
import com.j256.ormlite.dao.Dao;
import com.j256.ormlite.support.ConnectionSource;
import com.j256.ormlite.table.TableUtils;
import com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.bean.User;
public class DatabaseHelper extends OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper
{
private static final String TABLE_NAME = "sqlite-test.db";
/**
* userDao ,每张表对于一个
*/
private Dao<User, Integer> userDao;
private DatabaseHelper(Context context)
{
super(context, TABLE_NAME, null, 2);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase database,
ConnectionSource connectionSource)
{
try
{
TableUtils.createTable(connectionSource, User.class);
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase database,
ConnectionSource connectionSource, int oldVersion, int newVersion)
{
try
{
TableUtils.dropTable(connectionSource, User.class, true);
onCreate(database, connectionSource);
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static DatabaseHelper instance;
/**
* 单例获取该Helper
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static synchronized DatabaseHelper getHelper(Context context)
{
if (instance == null)
{
synchronized (DatabaseHelper.class)
{
if (instance == null)
instance = new DatabaseHelper(context);
}
}
return instance;
}
/**
* 获得userDao
*
* @return
* @throws SQLException
*/
public Dao<User, Integer> getUserDao() throws SQLException
{
if (userDao == null)
{
userDao = getDao(User.class);
}
return userDao;
}
/**
* 释放资源
*/
@Override
public void close()
{
super.close();
userDao = null;
}
}
这里我们需要继承OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper,其实就是间接继承了SQLiteOpenHelper
然后需要实现两个方法:
1、onCreate(SQLiteDatabase database,ConnectionSource connectionSource)
创建表,我们直接使用ormlite提供的TableUtils.createTable(connectionSource, User.class);进行创建~
2、onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase database, ConnectionSource connectionSource, int oldVersion, int newVersion)
更新表,使用ormlite提供的TableUtils.dropTable(connectionSource, User.class, true);进行删除操作~
删除完成后,别忘了,创建操作:onCreate(database, connectionSource);
然后使用单例公布出一个创建实例的方法,getHelper用于获取我们的help实例;
最后我们可能会有很多表嘛,每个表一般我们都会单独写个Dao用于操作,这里为了简单我并没有抽取出来,直接写在helper中:
比如UserDao的获取:
/**
* 获得userDao
*
* @return
* @throws SQLException
*/
public Dao<User, Integer> getUserDao() throws SQLException
{
if (userDao == null)
{
userDao = getDao(User.class);
}
return userDao;
}
然后通过获取到的Dao就可以进行User的一些常用的操作了。
4、测试
最后是测试,我们直接创建了一个测试类进行测试~~~
package com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.test;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.bean.User;
import com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.db.DatabaseHelper;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
import android.util.Log;
public class OrmLiteDbTest extends AndroidTestCase
{
public void testAddUser()
{
User u1 = new User("zhy", "2B青年");
DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(getContext());
try
{
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
u1 = new User("zhy2", "2B青年");
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
u1 = new User("zhy3", "2B青年");
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
u1 = new User("zhy4", "2B青年");
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
u1 = new User("zhy5", "2B青年");
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
u1 = new User("zhy6", "2B青年");
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
testList();
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void testDeleteUser()
{
DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(getContext());
try
{
helper.getUserDao().deleteById(2);
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void testUpdateUser()
{
DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(getContext());
try
{
User u1 = new User("zhy-android", "2B青年");
u1.setId(3);
helper.getUserDao().update(u1);
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void testList()
{
DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(getContext());
try
{
User u1 = new User("zhy-android", "2B青年");
u1.setId(2);
List<User> users = helper.getUserDao().queryForAll();
Log.e("TAG", users.toString());
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
简单测试了下CURD,使用AndroidTestCase记得配置下环境~~~
用起来是不是还是非常方便的,不过还是建议大家例如User的数据库操作,单独抽取出来为UserDao,如下:
package com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.db;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import android.content.Context;
import com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.bean.User;
public class UserDao
{
private Context context;
public UserDao(Context context)
{
this.context = context;
}
public void add(User user)
{
try
{
DatabaseHelper.getHelper(context).getUserDao().create(user);
} catch (SQLException e)
{
}
}//......
}
注:ORMLite还提供了一些基类ORMLiteBaseActivity,ORMLiteBaseService之类的,便于数据库操作的,这里不做考虑,毕竟项目中很大可能自己也需要继承自己的BaseActvity之类的。
上面简单介绍了如何使用ORMLite框架,Android 快速开发系列 ORMLite 框架的使用 将对其用法进行深入的介绍。