初学Java Web,看的是明日科技的《Java Web从入门到精通》,其中第六章 JSP内置对象 6.2.3节 获取cookie 有一个例子:
通过cookie保存并读取用户登录信息:
index.jsp 代码如下
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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
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pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
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<%@ page import="java.net.URLDecoder" %>
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<title>通过cookie保存并读取用户登录信息</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<%
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Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();//从request中获得Cookie对象的集合
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String user = ""; //登录用户
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String date = ""; //注册的时间
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if (cookies != null) {
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for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) { //遍历cookie对象的集合
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if (cookies[i].getName().equals("mrCookie")) {//如果cookie对象的名称为mrCookie
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user = URLDecoder.decode(cookies[i].getValue().split("#")[0]);//获取用户名
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date = cookies[i].getValue().split("#")[1];//获取注册时间
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}
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}
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}
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if ("".equals(user) && "".equals(date)) {//如果没有注册
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%>
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游客您好,欢迎您初次光临!
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<form action="deal.jsp" method="post">
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请输入姓名:<input name="user" type="text" value="">
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<input type="submit" value="确定">
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</form>
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<%
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} else {//已经注册
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%>
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欢迎[<b><%=user %></b>]再次光临<br>
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您注册的时间是:<%=date %>
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<%
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}
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%>
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</body>
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</html>
deal.jsp 代码如下:
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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
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pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
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<%@ page import="java.net.URLEncoder" %>
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<title>写入cookie</title>
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<script type="text/javascript">window.location.href="index.jsp"</script>
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</head>
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<body>
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<%
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request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
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String user=URLEncoder.encode(request.getParameter("user"),"utf-8"); //获取用户名
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Cookie cookie = new Cookie("mrCookie", user+"#"+new java.util.Date().toLocaleString());
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cookie.setMaxAge(60*60*24*30); //设置cookie有效期30天
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response.addCookie(cookie); //保存cookie
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%>
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</body>
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</html>
在用Eclipse编译运行的时候,报错:
Type Exception Report
Message An exception occurred processing JSP page [/deal.jsp] at line [17]
Description The server encountered an unexpected condition that prevented it from fulfilling the request.
Exception
org.apache.jasper.JasperException: An exception occurred processing JSP page [/deal.jsp] at line [17] 14: String user=URLEncoder.encode(request.getParameter("user"),"utf-8"); //鑾峰彇鐢ㄦ埛鍚� 15: Cookie cookie = new Cookie("mrCookie", user+"#"+new java.util.Date().toLocaleString()); 16: cookie.setMaxAge(60*60*24*30); //璁剧疆cookie鏈夋晥鏈�30澶� 17: response.addCookie(cookie); //淇濆瓨cookie 18: %> 19: 20: </body> Stacktrace: org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.handleJspException(JspServletWrapper.java:588) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:481) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:385) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:329) javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741) org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
Root Cause
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: An invalid character [32] was present in the Cookie value org.apache.tomcat.util.http.Rfc6265CookieProcessor.validateCookieValue(Rfc6265CookieProcessor.java:182) org.apache.tomcat.util.http.Rfc6265CookieProcessor.generateHeader(Rfc6265CookieProcessor.java:115) org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.generateCookieString(Response.java:1010) org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.addCookie(Response.java:962) org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.addCookie(ResponseFacade.java:385) org.apache.jsp.deal_jsp._jspService(deal_jsp.java:126) org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70) javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:443) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:385) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:329) javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741) org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
求助搜索,了解到 An invalid character [32] was present in the Cookie value 中32对应的编码是空格,Stack Overflow上的回答:This is due to Tomcat's cookie processing being changed to a RFC 6265 compliant implementation by default in 8.5, which does not allow space (character 32), among others. 我的tomcat版本是9.0,然而知道是空格的原因,但并不清楚是哪里产生了空格,逐条语句分析后,怀疑 new java.util.Date().toLocaleString()这句中有空格输出,使用控制台打印System.out.println(new java.util.Date().toLocaleString()), 输出值确实有空格,改用新的方式输入时间,避免出现空格。
修改后的deal.jsp代码:
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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
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pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
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<%@ page import="java.net.URLEncoder,java.util.*,java.text.*" %>
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<title>写入cookie</title>
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<script type="text/javascript">window.location.href="index.jsp"</script>
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<body>
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<%
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request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
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Date date = new Date();
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SimpleDateFormat dtf = new SimpleDateFormat("h:m:s");
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String user=URLEncoder.encode(request.getParameter("user"),"utf-8"); //从“user"获取用户名
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Cookie cookie = new Cookie("mrCookie", user+"#"+dtf.format(date));
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System.out.println(dtf.format(date));
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cookie.setMaxAge(60*60*24*30); //设置cookie有效期30天
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response.addCookie(cookie); //保存cookie
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%>
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</body>
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</html>
再次运行,输入用户名mr后,正常显示。
结论:println真的好用。