最近一直在做后台开发,但心里还是总惦记着Android,感觉还是Android有意思。正好项目中要用到极光推送,今天抽空来记录下这两天的研究成果。
我们知道iOS有自己的推送服务,但很遗憾Android没有原生的推送服务,现在有很多第三方的推送服务,比如个推、极光、亚马逊、百度云、聚能等。今天我们就来研究下极光推送的后台服务器如何实现。
关键点:
1.首先最好是把极光官网Java后台服务器的demo下载下来,里面有我们需要的jar包,以及example.
2.极光推送的关键jpushClient = new JPushClient(masterSecret, appKey, 3);就是这个类。其中的参数需要我们从极光官网注册开发者,然后创建具体项目获取相应的两 个key值。其中appKey值就是我们手机端对应的key值
3.极光推送给我们提供了很多种推送的方式,我们可以选择某一个平台进行推送(Android ,IOS ,Windows Phone),也可以全部推送;我们可以针对某个特别的用户进行推送(设置alisa),也可以针对特别的群体进行推送(设置tag),第三个参数是设置推送保留的时间,只要在有效时间内上线就可以收到推送信息
4. 极光推送现在都用https连接,提交请求是post,获取数据为get
ok 接下来就看服务端的实现(JAVA),JdPush推送方法+一个Servlet
:
- package com.weiwend.jdpush;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- import cn.jpush.api.JPushClient;
- import cn.jpush.api.common.resp.APIConnectionException;
- import cn.jpush.api.common.resp.APIRequestException;
- import cn.jpush.api.push.PushResult;
- import cn.jpush.api.push.model.Message;
- import cn.jpush.api.push.model.Options;
- import cn.jpush.api.push.model.Platform;
- import cn.jpush.api.push.model.PushPayload;
- import cn.jpush.api.push.model.audience.Audience;
- import cn.jpush.api.push.model.audience.AudienceTarget;
- import cn.jpush.api.push.model.notification.AndroidNotification;
- import cn.jpush.api.push.model.notification.IosNotification;
- import cn.jpush.api.push.model.notification.Notification;
- public class Jdpush {
- protected static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Jdpush.class);
- // demo App defined in resources/jpush-api.conf
- public static final String TITLE = "申通快递";
- public static final String ALERT = "祝大家新春快乐";
- public static final String MSG_CONTENT = "申通快递祝新老客户新春快乐";
- public static final String REGISTRATION_ID = "0900e8d85ef";
- public static final String TAG = "tag_api";
- public static JPushClient jpushClient=null;
- public static void testSendPush(String appKey ,String masterSecret) {
- jpushClient = new JPushClient(masterSecret, appKey, 3);
- // HttpProxy proxy = new HttpProxy("localhost", 3128);
- // Can use this https proxy: https://github.com/Exa-Networks/exaproxy
- // For push, all you need do is to build PushPayload object.
- //PushPayload payload = buildPushObject_all_all_alert();
- //生成推送的内容,这里我们先测试全部推送
- PushPayload payload=buildPushObject_all_alias_alert();
- try {
- System.out.println(payload.toString());
- PushResult result = jpushClient.sendPush(payload);
- System.out.println(result+"................................");
- LOG.info("Got result - " + result);
- } catch (APIConnectionException e) {
- LOG.error("Connection error. Should retry later. ", e);
- } catch (APIRequestException e) {
- LOG.error("Error response from JPush server. Should review and fix it. ", e);
- LOG.info("HTTP Status: " + e.getStatus());
- LOG.info("Error Code: " + e.getErrorCode());
- LOG.info("Error Message: " + e.getErrorMessage());
- LOG.info("Msg ID: " + e.getMsgId());
- }
- }
- public static PushPayload buildPushObject_all_all_alert() {
- return PushPayload.alertAll(ALERT);
- }
- public static PushPayload buildPushObject_all_alias_alert() {
- return PushPayload.newBuilder()
- .setPlatform(Platform.all())//设置接受的平台
- .setAudience(Audience.all())//Audience设置为all,说明采用广播方式推送,所有用户都可以接收到
- .setNotification(Notification.alert(ALERT))
- .build();
- }
- public static PushPayload buildPushObject_android_tag_alertWithTitle() {
- return PushPayload.newBuilder()
- .setPlatform(Platform.android())
- .setAudience(Audience.all())
- .setNotification(Notification.android(ALERT, TITLE, null))
- .build();
- }
- public static PushPayload buildPushObject_android_and_ios() {
- return PushPayload.newBuilder()
- .setPlatform(Platform.android_ios())
- .setAudience(Audience.tag("tag1"))
- .setNotification(Notification.newBuilder()
- .setAlert("alert content")
- .addPlatformNotification(AndroidNotification.newBuilder()
- .setTitle("Android Title").build())
- .addPlatformNotification(IosNotification.newBuilder()
- .incrBadge(1)
- .addExtra("extra_key", "extra_value").build())
- .build())
- .build();
- }
- public static PushPayload buildPushObject_ios_tagAnd_alertWithExtrasAndMessage() {
- return PushPayload.newBuilder()
- .setPlatform(Platform.ios())
- .setAudience(Audience.tag_and("tag1", "tag_all"))
- .setNotification(Notification.newBuilder()
- .addPlatformNotification(IosNotification.newBuilder()
- .setAlert(ALERT)
- .setBadge(5)
- .setSound("happy")
- .addExtra("from", "JPush")
- .build())
- .build())
- .setMessage(Message.content(MSG_CONTENT))
- .setOptions(Options.newBuilder()
- .setApnsProduction(true)
- .build())
- .build();
- }
- public static PushPayload buildPushObject_ios_audienceMore_messageWithExtras() {
- return PushPayload.newBuilder()
- .setPlatform(Platform.android_ios())
- .setAudience(Audience.newBuilder()
- .addAudienceTarget(AudienceTarget.tag("tag1", "tag2"))
- .addAudienceTarget(AudienceTarget.alias("alias1", "alias2"))
- .build())
- .setMessage(Message.newBuilder()
- .setMsgContent(MSG_CONTENT)
- .addExtra("from", "JPush")
- .build())
- .build();
- }
- }
可以看到上面我们推送平台设置的是所有平台,Audience设置为all(所有用户),这里key值和masterSecret值放在servlet中了。
servlet很简单,只要传入两个key值,调用该方法就可以
- package com.weiwend.jdpush.servlet;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.utils.Utils;
- import com.weiwend.jdpush.Jdpush;
- import com.weiwend.jdpush.utils.Base64Utils;
- /**
- * Servlet implementation class tuisong
- */
- public class tuisong extends HttpServlet {
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
- private static final String appKey ="84cf5ee2099c654aa03a5d70";
- private static final String masterSecret = "7cf23f25a41806d5fd29e3c5";
- public tuisong() {
- super();
- // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
- }
- /**
- * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- */
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
- Jdpush.testSendPush(appKey,masterSecret);
- System.out.println("sucess");
- }
- /**
- * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- */
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- }
- }
最后来看下运行的结果,可以看到,提交数据是以json格式。如果返回{"msg_id":1663001319,"sendno":1981162191}这样数据说明推送已经成功发送
- {"platform":"all","audience":"all","notification":{"alert":"祝大家新春快乐"},"options":{"sendno":1981162191,"apns_production":false}}
- {"msg_id":1663001319,"sendno":1981162191}................................
- sucess
源码分析:
JPushClient jpushClient = new JPushClient(masterSecret, appKey, 3);实际上是实例化了一下三个类
- public JPushClient(String masterSecret, String appKey, int maxRetryTimes) {
- _pushClient = new PushClient(masterSecret, appKey, maxRetryTimes);
- _reportClient = new ReportClient(masterSecret, appKey, maxRetryTimes);
- _deviceClient = new DeviceClient(masterSecret, appKey, maxRetryTimes);
- }
- public class PushPayload implements PushModel {
- private static final String PLATFORM = "platform";
- private static final String AUDIENCE = "audience";
- private static final String NOTIFICATION = "notification";
- private static final String MESSAGE = "message";
- private static final String OPTIONS = "options";
- private static final int MAX_GLOBAL_ENTITY_LENGTH = 1200; // Definition acording to JPush Docs
- private static final int MAX_IOS_PAYLOAD_LENGTH = 220; // Definition acording to JPush Docs
- private static Gson _gson = new Gson();
- private final Platform platform;
- private final Audience audience;
- private final Notification notification;
- private final Message message;
- private Options options;
- private PushPayload(Platform platform, Audience audience,
- Notification notification, Message message, Options options) {
- this.platform = platform;
- this.audience = audience;
- this.notification = notification;
- this.message = message;
- this.options = options;
- }
PushResult result = jpushClient.sendPush(payload);可以看到就是sendPost方法,然后接受返回的数据
- public PushResult sendPush(PushPayload pushPayload) throws APIConnectionException, APIRequestException {
- Preconditions.checkArgument(! (null == pushPayload), "pushPayload should not be null");
- if (_globalSettingEnabled) {
- pushPayload.resetOptionsTimeToLive(_timeToLive);
- pushPayload.resetOptionsApnsProduction(_apnsProduction);
- }
- ResponseWrapper response = _httpClient.sendPost(_baseUrl + PUSH_PATH, pushPayload.toString());
- return BaseResult.fromResponse(response, PushResult.class);
- }
另外我专门找了下sendNo如何生成的,其实就是随机生成的一个数字
- public static Options sendno() {
- return newBuilder().setSendno(ServiceHelper.generateSendno()).build();
- }
- public static int generateSendno() {
- return RANDOM.nextInt((MAX - MIN) + 1) + MIN;
- }
大家有兴趣也可以详细看一下代码的实现.