1、首先查看备份作业历史运行记录,看是否有报错
JOB的历史运行信息:
select * from SYSJOB.SYSJOBHISTORIES2;
2、无历史运行记录--检查作业是否配置正确,检查作业的调度配置是否启用
是否开启作业运行失败或成功都报告【跟踪定位问题】
3、dmap服务是否开启、数据库是否开启归档 都会影响备份作业的正确运行
,刚开启归档 直接备份会因归档日志不连续报错,手动执行检查点可解决 (checkpoint(100))
作业未运行报错汇总:
[JOBbackupfull每周日全备] 收集到的归档日志不连续 (手动执行检查点)
[JOBbackupfull每周日全备] 缺少本地或者远程归档(开启归档)
[JOBbackupfull每周日全备] bakres连接DMAP失败(开启DMAP服务)
4、有关备份的常见脚本:
脱机备份、还原、恢复
全库备份:
backup database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini';
指定备份集名称和备份集路径
backup database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' full to FULLBACK_DMRMAN backupset '/dm8/backup/dmrman/fullback_dmrman'
查看
show backupset
校验
check backupset
备份
backup database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' full to fullbak01 backupset '/dm8/bak/dmrman/fullbak01'
backup database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' increment to increbak01 backupset '/dm8/bak/dmrman/increbak01'
backup database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' increment cumulative to increcumubak01 backupset '/dm8/bak/dmrman/increcumubak01'
还原
restore database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm8/bak/dmrman/fullbak01'
restore database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm8/bak/dmrman/increbak01'
restore database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm8/bak/dmrman/increcumubak01'
恢复
recover database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' with archivedir '/dm8/arch'
更新magic
recover database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' update db_magic
联机备份还原
备份
backup database full to backupset ''
backup database increment with backupdir '' backupset ''
backup database increment cumulative with backupdir '' backupset ''
backup tablespace ** full backupset ''
backup tablespace increment with backupdir '' backupset ''
backup tablespace increment cumulative with backupdir '' backupset ''
还原
BACKUP DATABASE INCREMENT WITH BACKUPDIR '/home/dm_bak'BACKUPSET
'/home/dm_bak/db_increment_bak_02'
表空间还原(需表空间脱机):
restore database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' tablespace tbstest from backupset '/dm8/data/DAMENG/bak/TS_TBSTEST_FULL_20210721_155042_773291';
表空间恢复
recover database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' tablespace tbstest with archivedir '/dm8/arch'
联机
默认全量备份:
backup database;
增加 increment 表示增量备份,默认为差异增量备份:
backup database increment;
使用backupset指定备份集路径:
backup database increment backupset '/dm8/backup/online/incrback01';
使用CUMULATIVE指定为累积增量备份,使用to指定备份集名称:
backup database increment CUMULATIVE to incrback02
backupset '/dm8/backup/online/incrback02';
有关备份参数:
select * from v$dm_ini t where t.PARA_NAME in ( 'BAK_PATH', 'BAK_USE_AP');
备份集管理相关函数:
select * from v$ifun t where name like '%BAKSET%';
SF_BAKSET_BACKUP_DIR_ADD -- 添加备份集目录(仅针对当前会话生效)
SF_BAKSET_BACKUP_DIR_REMOVE -- 删除备份集目录
SF_BAKSET_BACKUP_DIR_REMOVE_ALL
SF_BAKSET_CHECK --备份集校验
SF_BAKSET_REMOVE -- --备份集校验
SF_BAKSET_REMOVE
SF_BAKSET_REMOVE_BATCH -- 备份集批量校验
添加备份目录: call SF_BAKSET_BACKUP_DIR_ADD('DISK', '/dm8/backup/online');
备份集校验: select SF_BAKSET_check('DISK','/dm8/backup/online/incrback02')
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