通讯录

实现了通讯录的录入信息、保存信息、插入、删除、排序、查找、单个显示等功能。。

完整的代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>  //得到指向大小为Size的内存区域的首字节的指针//
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>  //标准库函数// 
#define NULL 0
#define LEN sizeof(struct address_list)  //计算字节//
int n;
struct address_list
{
    char name[30];     //名字
    char work[30];     //职业
    char handset[30];  //手机
    char email[30];    //电子邮件
    char address[30];  //通讯地址
    struct address_list *next;
};
struct address_list *shifang(struct address_list *head); // 释放内存函数声明
//创建函数，不带头结点的链表
struct address_list *creat(void)       
{
    struct address_list *head,*p1,*p2;
    char name[20];
    n=0;
    p1=(struct address_list *)malloc(LEN);
    p2=p1;   //强制内存转换
    printf("请输入通讯录的内容!\n姓名输入为0时表示创建完毕!\n");
    printf("请输入姓名:");
    gets(name);
    if(strcmp(name,"0")!=0)
    {
        strcpy(p1->name,name);
        printf("请输入职业:");     gets(p1->work);
        printf("请输入手机:");     gets(p1->handset);
        printf("请输入电子邮件:"); gets(p1->email);
        printf("请输入通讯地址:");  gets(p1->address);
        head=NULL;
        while(1)
        {
            n=n+1;   //记录通讯录人数个数
            if(n==1)
                head=p1;
            else
                p2->next=p1;
            p2=p1;
            printf("请输入姓名:");
            gets(name);
            if(strcmp(name,"0")==0)
            {
                break;
            }
            else
            {
                p1=(struct address_list *)malloc(LEN);
                strcpy(p1->name,name);
                printf("请输入职业:"); gets(p1->work);
                printf("请输入手机:"); gets(p1->handset);
                printf("请输入电子邮件:"); gets(p1->email);
                printf("请输入通讯地址:");  gets(p1->address);
            }
        }
        p2->next=NULL;
        return head;
    }
    else
        return 0;
}
//输出函数
void print(struct address_list *head)   
{
    struct address_list *p;
    if(head!=NULL)
    {
        p=head;
        printf("本通讯录现在共有%d人:\n",n);
        printf("---姓名-------职业--------手机-------Email-------通讯地址\n");
        printf("==================================\n");
        do
        {
            printf("== %s",p->name); printf("       ");
            printf("%s",p->work); printf("       ");
            printf("%s",p->handset); printf("       ");
            printf("%s",p->email); printf("       ");
            printf("%s",p->address); printf("       \n");
            p=p->next;
        }while(p!=NULL);
        printf("==================================\n");
    }
    else
        printf("通讯录为空,无法输出!\n");
}
//增加函数
struct address_list *insert(struct address_list *head) 
{
    struct address_list *p0,*p1,*p2;
    char name[20];
    p1=head;
    printf("请输入增加的内容:\n");
    printf("请输入姓名:"); gets(name);
    if(strcmp(name,"0")==0)
    {
        printf("姓名不能为0,增加失败!\n");
        return(head);
    }
    else
    {
        p0=(struct address_list *)malloc(LEN);
        strcpy(p0->name,name);
        printf("请输入职业:"); gets(p0->work);
        printf("请输入手机:"); gets(p0->handset);
        printf("请输入电子邮件:"); gets(p0->email);
        printf("请输入通讯地址:");  gets(p0->address);
        n=n+1;
        if(head==NULL)
        {
            head=p0;
            p0->next=NULL;
            return head;
        }
        else
        {
            while(strcmp(p0->name,p1->name)>0&&(p1->next!=NULL))
            {
                p2=p1;
                p1=p1->next;
            }
            if(strcmp(p0->name,p1->name)<0 || strcmp(p0->name,p1->name)==0)
            {
                if(head==p1)
                {
                    head=p0;
                }
                else
                {
                    p2->next=p0;
                }
                p0->next=p1;
            }
            else
            {
                p1->next=p0;
                p0->next=NULL;
            }
            return head;
        }
    }
}
struct address_list* delete_txl(struct address_list *head)
{
    struct address_list *p,*q;
    char name[30];
    if(head==NULL)
    {
        printf("通讯录为空,无法显示!\n");
        return head;
    }
    p=head;
    printf("请输入需要删除的人的姓名:");
    gets(name);
    if(strcmp(head->name,name)==0)
    {
        head=head->next;
        free(p);
        printf("删除操作成功！\n");
        return head;
    }
    else
    {
        q=head,p=head->next;
        while(p!=NULL)
        {
            if(strcmp(p->name,name)==0)
            {
                q->next=p->next;
                free(p);
                printf("删除操作成功！\n");
                return head;
            }
            p=p->next;
            q=q->next;
        }
    }
}
//显示函数
struct address_list *display(struct address_list *head)
{
    struct address_list *p1,*p2;
    char name[30];
    int m;
    if(head==NULL)
    {
        printf("通讯录为空,无法显示!\n");
        return head;
    }
    p1=head;
    m=0;
    printf("请输入需要显示人的姓名:");
    gets(name);
    while(p1!=NULL)
    {
        while((strcmp(p1->name,name))!=0 && p1->next!=NULL)
        {
            p2=p1;
            p1=p1->next;
        }
        if(strcmp(p1->name,name)==0)
        {
            m++;
            printf("%s的通讯内容如下:\n",name);
            printf("---姓名--------职业--------手机-------Email------通讯地址\n");
            printf("==================================\n");
            printf("== %s",p1->name);printf("       ");
            printf("%s",p1->work);printf("       ");
            printf("%s",p1->handset);printf("       ");
            printf("%s",p1->email);printf("       ");
            printf("%s",p1->address); printf("       \n");
            printf("==================================\n");
        }
        p1=p1->next;
    }
    if(m==0)
    {
        printf("此人未在本通讯录中!\n");
    }
    return(head);
}

//排序函数
struct address_list *paixu(struct address_list *head)
{
    struct address_list *p1,*p2;
    int i,j;
    struct address_list1
    {
        char name[30];
        char work[30];
        char handset[30];
        char email[30];
        char address[30];
    };
    struct address_list1 px[200];
    struct address_list1 temp;
    if(head==NULL)
    {
        printf("通讯录为空,无法排序!\n");
        return(head);
    }
    p1=head;
    for(i=0;i<n,p1!=NULL;i++)
    {
        strcpy(px[i].name,p1->name);
        strcpy(px[i].work,p1->work);
        strcpy(px[i].handset,p1->handset);
        strcpy(px[i].email,p1->email);
        strcpy(px[i].address,p1->address);
        p2=p1;
        p1=p1->next;
    }
    head=shifang(head);
    for(j=0;j<n-1;j++)
    {
        for(i=j+1;i<n;i++)
        {
            if(strcmp(px[i].name,px[j].name)<0)
            {
                temp=px[i];
                px[i]=px[j];
                px[j]=temp;
            }
        }
    }
    p1=(struct address_list *)malloc(LEN);
    p2=p1;
    strcpy(p1->name,px[0].name);
    strcpy(p1->work,px[0].work);
    strcpy(p1->handset,px[0].handset);
    strcpy(p1->email,px[0].email);
    strcpy(p1->address,px[0].address);

    head=p1;
    for(i=1;i<n;i++)
    {
        p1=(struct address_list *)malloc(LEN);
        strcpy(p1->name,px[i].name);
        strcpy(p1->work,px[i].work);
        strcpy(p1->handset,px[i].handset);
        strcpy(p1->email,px[i].email);
        strcpy(p1->address,px[i].address);
        p2->next=p1;
        p2=p1;
    }
    p2->next=NULL;
    printf("按姓名排序后为:\n");
    print(head);
    return(head);
}
//姓名查找函数
struct address_list *search(struct address_list *head)
{
    struct address_list *p1,*p2;
    int m;
    char name[30];
    if(head==NULL)
    {
        printf("通讯录为空,无法分类查找!\n");
        return(head);
    }
    p1=head;
    printf("********************\n");
    printf("**  请输入需要查找的姓名  **\n");
    printf("********************\n");
    m=0;
    gets(name);
    while(p1!=NULL)
    {
        while(strcmp(p1->name,name)!=0&&p1->next!=NULL)
        {
            p2=p1;
            p1=p1->next;
        }
        if(strcmp(p1->name,name)==0)
        {
            m++;
            printf("你查找的内容是:\n");
            printf("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
            printf("++ %s        %s       %s       %s        %s\n",p1->name,p1->work,p1->handset,p1->email,p1->address);
            printf("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
        }
        p1=p1->next;

        if(m==0)
        {
            printf("此人未在本通讯录中!\n");
        }
        break;
    }

    return(head);
}

//释放内存函数
struct address_list *shifang(struct address_list *head)
{
    struct address_list *p1;
    while(head!=NULL)
    {
        p1=head;
        head=head->next;
        free(p1);
    }
    return(head);
}

//文件写入函数
void save(struct address_list *head)
{
    FILE *fp;
    struct address_list *p1;
    char tong[30];
    if(head==NULL)
    {
        printf("通讯录为空,无法存储!\n");
        return;
    }
    printf("请输入保存后的文件名:");
    gets(tong);
    fp=fopen("(tong).txt","w");
    if(fp==NULL)
    {
        printf("cannot open file\n");
        return;
    }
    p1=head;
    fprintf(fp,"姓名    职业      手机     Email     通讯地址\n");
    for(;p1!=NULL;) 
    {
        fprintf(fp,"%s       %s       %s        %s       %s\n",p1->name,p1->work,p1->handset,p1->email,p1->address);
        p1=p1->next;
    }
    printf("保存完毕!\n");
    fclose(fp);
}

//文件读出函数
struct address_list *load(struct address_list *head)
{
    FILE *fp;
    char tong[30];
    struct address_list *p1,*p2;
    printf("请输入要输出的文件名:");
    gets(tong);
    fp=fopen("(tong).txt","r");
    if(fp==NULL)
    {
        printf("此通讯录名不存在,无法输出!\n");
        return(head);
    }
    else
    {
        head=shifang(head);
    }
    p1=(struct address_list *)malloc(LEN);
    fscanf(fp,"%s%s%s%s%s",&p1->name,&p1->work,&p1->handset,&p1->email,&p1->address);
    if(feof(fp)!=0)
    {
        printf("文件为空,无法打开!\n");
        return(head);
    }
    else
    {
        rewind(fp);
        p2=p1;
        head=p1;
        n=0;
        while(feof(fp)==0)
        {
            fscanf(fp,"%s%s%s%s%s",&p1->name,&p1->work,&p1->handset,&p1->email,&p1->address);
            if(feof(fp)!=0)
                break;
            p2->next=p1;
            p2=p1;
            p1=(struct address_list *)malloc(LEN);
            n=n+1;
        }
        p2->next=NULL;
        p1=head;
        head=head->next;
        n=n-1;
        free(p1);
        print(head);
        printf("打开完毕!\n");
        return(head);
    }
    fclose(fp);
}

//综合操作函数
struct address_list *menu(struct address_list *head)
{
    char num[10];
    while(1)
    {
        printf("*********************\n");
        printf("*** 1 姓名查找      ****\n");
        printf("*** 2 单个显示      ****\n");
        printf("*** 3 增加          ****\n");
        printf("*** 4 退出          ****\n");
        printf("*********************\n");
        printf("请输入您选择的操作:");
        gets(num);
        switch(*num)
        {
        case '1':
            {
                head=search(head);                          //姓名查找
                print(head);
            }
            break;
        case '2':
            {
                head=display(head);                          //显示
            }
            break;
        case '3':
            {
                head=insert(head);                           //增加
                print(head);
            }
            break;
        case '4':
            return head;
        default:
            printf("操作错误，此项不存在!\n");
            break;
        }
        if(strcmp(num,"6")==0)
            break;
    }
    return head;
}
//主函数
void main()
{
    struct address_list *head=NULL;
    char num[10];
    printf("*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
    printf("*=*               程序说明                *=*\n");
    printf("*=*    请及时保存创建完毕的通讯录内容!    *=*\n");
    printf("*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
    while(1)
    {
        printf("************************\n");
        printf("***     1 创建通讯录      ****\n");
        printf("***     2 按名字排序      ****\n");
        printf("***     3 综合操作        ****\n");
        printf("***     4 保存            ****\n");
        printf("***     5 打开            ****\n"); 
        printf("***     6 删除            ****\n");
        printf("***     7 退出            ****\n");
        printf("************************\n");
        printf("请输入您选择的操作:");
        gets(num);
        switch(*num)
        {
        case '1':
            {
                if(head==NULL)
                {
                    head=creat();                                //创建
                    print(head);
                }
                else
                {
                    head=shifang(head);
                    head=creat();                                //重新创建
                    print(head);
                }
            }
            break;
        case '2':
            {
                head=paixu(head);                               //排序
            }
            break;
        case '3':
            {
                head=menu(head);                              //综合操作
            }
            break;
        case '4':
            {
                save(head);                                   //文件保存
                print(head);
            }
            break;
        case '5':
            {
                head=load(head);                              //文件输出
            }
            break;
        case '6':
            {
                head=delete_txl(head);                           //删除
                print(head);
            }
            break;
        case '7':
            head=shifang(head);
            break;
        default:
            printf("操作错误，此项不存在!\n");
            break;
        }
        if(strcmp(num,"7")==0)
            break;
    }
}