JAVA获取MYSQL数据库表、字段、字段类型、字段注释

转自：  https://www.cnblogs.com/zuidongfeng/p/7895090.html

动态获取数据库表中的字段名: https://www.cnblogs.com/airycode/p/5280515.html

获取数据库表字段名，长度，类型，备注等信息: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42686556/article/details/82739595

获取数据库表字段: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33234164/article/details/79615912

java如何获得数据库表中各字段的字段名: https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/540137701.html

JDBC获取数据库表中字段详细信息: https://my.oschina.net/marjeylee/blog/787006

JAVA获取MYSQL数据库表、字段、字段类型、字段注释:  https://www.cnblogs.com/sunBinary/p/10412622.html

如何动态获取数据库表中的数据，数据库中的字段是在变化的: https://www.cnblogs.com/airycode/p/4828251.html

java如何获得数据库表中各字段的字段名: https://www.cnblogs.com/ydymz/p/8329551.html

jsp访问数据库（完整总结）: https://blog.csdn.net/pangqiandou/article/details/52888485

mysql+jsp，在jsp页面连接了数据库，已成功获取数据库字段，请问如何取到当前用户对应的信息: 

JAVA获取MYSQL数据库表、字段、字段类型、字段注释: https://www.cnblogs.com/zuidongfeng/p/7895090.html

数据库连接通过getcolumns（）函数获取表字段信息: https://blog.csdn.net/xiaofeng6072/article/details/76850391

JAVA获取MYSQL数据库表、字段、字段类型、字段注释: https://www.cnblogs.com/sunBinary/p/10412622.html

获取oracle数据库的表名、字段名等系统信息: https://blog.csdn.net/chenwunan/article/details/82664840

java如何获得数据库表中各字段的字段名: https://www.cnblogs.com/ydymz/p/8329551.html

 

 

　　最近想要写一个根据数据库表结构生成实体、mapper接口、mapping映射文件、service类的简单代码生成工具，所以查阅了一些资料，怎样获取数据库的表、表中字段、字段类型、字段注释等信息。

　　最后写了一个简单的工具类，代码如下：https://blog.csdn.net/xipinghuan2106/article/details/53980831

package com.lnjecit.generator.util;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class DatabaseUtil {
    private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DatabaseUtil.class);

    private static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
    private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaweb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8";
    private static final String USERNAME = "root";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "mysql";

    private static final String SQL = "SELECT * FROM ";// 数据库操作

    static {
        try {
            Class.forName(DRIVER);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            LOGGER.error("can not load jdbc driver", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取数据库连接
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static Connection getConnection() {
        Connection conn = null;
        try {
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            LOGGER.error("get connection failure", e);
        }
        return conn;
    }

    /**
     * 关闭数据库连接
     * @param conn
     */
    public static void closeConnection(Connection conn) {
        if(conn != null) {
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                LOGGER.error("close connection failure", e);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取数据库下的所有表名
     */
    public static List<String> getTableNames() {
        List<String> tableNames = new ArrayList<>();
        Connection conn = getConnection();
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            //获取数据库的元数据
            DatabaseMetaData db = conn.getMetaData();
            //从元数据中获取到所有的表名
            rs = db.getTables(null, null, null, new String[] { "TABLE" });
            while(rs.next()) {
                tableNames.add(rs.getString(3));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            LOGGER.error("getTableNames failure", e);
        } finally {
            try {
                rs.close();
                closeConnection(conn);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                LOGGER.error("close ResultSet failure", e);
            }
        }
        return tableNames;
    }

    /**
     * 获取表中所有字段名称
     * @param tableName 表名
     * @return
     */
    public static List<String> getColumnNames(String tableName) {
        List<String> columnNames = new ArrayList<>();
        //与数据库的连接
        Connection conn = getConnection();
        PreparedStatement pStemt = null;
        String tableSql = SQL + tableName;
        try {
            pStemt = conn.prepareStatement(tableSql);
            //结果集元数据
            ResultSetMetaData rsmd = pStemt.getMetaData();
            //表列数
            int size = rsmd.getColumnCount();
            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                columnNames.add(rsmd.getColumnName(i + 1));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            LOGGER.error("getColumnNames failure", e);
        } finally {
            if (pStemt != null) {
                try {
                    pStemt.close();
                    closeConnection(conn);
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    LOGGER.error("getColumnNames close pstem and connection failure", e);
                }
            }
        }
        return columnNames;
    }

    /**
     * 获取表中所有字段类型
     * @param tableName
     * @return
     */
    public static List<String> getColumnTypes(String tableName) {
        List<String> columnTypes = new ArrayList<>();
        //与数据库的连接
        Connection conn = getConnection();
        PreparedStatement pStemt = null;
        String tableSql = SQL + tableName;
        try {
            pStemt = conn.prepareStatement(tableSql);
            //结果集元数据
            ResultSetMetaData rsmd = pStemt.getMetaData();
            //表列数
            int size = rsmd.getColumnCount();
            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                columnTypes.add(rsmd.getColumnTypeName(i + 1));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            LOGGER.error("getColumnTypes failure", e);
        } finally {
            if (pStemt != null) {
                try {
                    pStemt.close();
                    closeConnection(conn);
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    LOGGER.error("getColumnTypes close pstem and connection failure", e);
                }
            }
        }
        return columnTypes;
    }

    /**
     * 获取表中字段的所有注释
     * @param tableName
     * @return
     */
    public static List<String> getColumnComments(String tableName) {
        List<String> columnTypes = new ArrayList<>();
        //与数据库的连接
        Connection conn = getConnection();
        PreparedStatement pStemt = null;
        String tableSql = SQL + tableName;
        List<String> columnComments = new ArrayList<>();//列名注释集合
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            pStemt = conn.prepareStatement(tableSql);
            rs = pStemt.executeQuery("show full columns from " + tableName);
            while (rs.next()) {
                columnComments.add(rs.getString("Comment"));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (rs != null) {
                try {
                    rs.close();
                    closeConnection(conn);
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    LOGGER.error("getColumnComments close ResultSet and connection failure", e);
                }
            }
        }
        return columnComments;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> tableNames = getTableNames();
        System.out.println("tableNames:" + tableNames);
        for (String tableName : tableNames) {
            System.out.println("ColumnNames:" + getColumnNames(tableName));
            System.out.println("ColumnTypes:" + getColumnTypes(tableName));
            System.out.println("ColumnComments:" + getColumnComments(tableName));
        }
    }
}