JPA的多表关联

前言：JPA的多表查询分为，一对一，一对多，多对多，这之间又可分为单向和双向，本篇文章写了两种方式，一对一和多对一（双向）

数据库结构人员表（id（主键），zhiyeid（职业表的外键），name（姓名））。职业表（id（主键），gongzuo（职业））

每个人员有一个职业，每个职业有多个人员

1.一对一

人员实体类：

package cn.wiztek.wiztekDemo.entity.userDomain;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.TableGenerator;

/**
* Description:用户实体类
* @author sun_jian  
* @date 2019年7月19日
*/ 
@Entity
@Table(name = "test_user")
public class User implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1280661092304688998L;
	
	/**
	 * id
	 */
	private	Integer id;
	
	/**
	 * 职业Id
	 */
	private Integer zhiyeId;
	
	/**
	 * 姓名
	 */
	private String name;
	
	/**
	 * 职业
	 * @return
	 */
	private ZhiYe zhiye;
	
	@Id
	@Column(name = "id")
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	
	@Column(name = "name")
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

        @Column(name = "zhiyeId")
	public Integer getZhiyeId() {
		return zhiyeId;
	}

	public void setZhiyeId(Integer zhiyeId) {
		this.zhiyeId = zhiyeId;
	}

        //懒加载
	@OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
        //第一个参数可随便写，第二个参数为关联表的id
	@JoinColumn(name = "zhiyeId",referencedColumnName="id")
	public ZhiYe getZhiye() {
		return zhiye;
	}

	public void setZhiye(ZhiYe zhiye) {
		this.zhiye = zhiye;
	}

}

职业实体类：

package cn.wiztek.wiztekDemo.entity.userDomain;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.apache.abdera.ext.serializer.annotation.ID;

@Entity
@Table(name = "zhiye")
public class ZhiYe implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -611470410803045277L;
	
	private Integer id;
	private String zhiye;
	@ID
	@Column(name="id")
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	@Column(name="zhiye")
	public String getZhiye() {
		return zhiye;
	}
	public void setZhiye(String zhiye) {
		this.zhiye = zhiye;
	}
	
}

2.多对一

因为是多对一的关系，所以我们要站在多的角度。因为一个职业对应多个人员，所以人员是多的一方，所以在人员一方写注解@ManyToOne

一对多，因为是一对多所以要在一的一方写@OneToMany注解。

人员实体类，@JoinColumn(name = "zhiye_id")中name的意思为 "职业实体类的table名"_"id字段"

package cn.wiztek.wiztekDemo.entity.userDomain;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.TableGenerator;

/**
* Description:用户实体类
* @author sun_jian  
* @date 2019年7月19日
*/ 
@Entity
@Table(name = "test_user")
public class User implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1280661092304688998L;
	
	/**
	 * id
	 */
	private	Integer id;
	
	/**
	 * 职业
	 */
	private ZhiYe zhiye;
	
	/**
	 * 姓名
	 */
	private String name;
	
	/**
	 * 年龄
	 */
	private Integer age;
	
	/**
	 * 性别
	 */
	private String sex;
	
	/**
	 * 手机号
	 */
	private String phone;
	
	/**
	 * 身份证id
	 */
	private String idNumber;
	
	/**
	 * 更新时间
	 */
	private String time;
	
	/**
	 * 职业
	 */
	private String occupation;
	
	/**
	 * 省份
	 */
	private String provinceDic;

	/**
	 * 地市
	 */
	private String cityDic;
	
	/**
	 * 城市
	 */
	private String city;
	
	/**
	 * 头像
	 */
	private String headPortrait;
	
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.TABLE, generator = "genUser")
	@TableGenerator(name = "genUser", table = "test_user_strategy", pkColumnName = "keyID", 
					valueColumnName = "keyValue", pkColumnValue = "test_user", allocationSize = 1, initialValue = 1)
	@Column(name = "id")
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	
	@Column(name = "name")
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	@Column(name = "age")
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	
	@Column(name = "sex", length = 32)
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	
	@Column(name = "phone", length = 32)
	public String getPhone() {
		return phone;
	}

	public void setPhone(String phone) {
		this.phone = phone;
	}
	
	@Column(name = "idNumber", length = 32)
	public String getIdNumber() {
		return idNumber;
	}

	public void setIdNumber(String idNumber) {
		this.idNumber = idNumber;
	}
	
	@Column(name = "time")
	public String getTime() {
		return time;
	}

	public void setTime(String time) {
		this.time = time;
	}
	
	@Column(name = "occupation")
	public String getOccupation() {
		return occupation;
	}

	public void setOccupation(String occupation) {
		this.occupation = occupation;
	}
	
	@Column(name = "provinceDic")
	public String getProvinceDic() {
		return provinceDic;
	}

	public void setProvinceDic(String provinceDic) {
		this.provinceDic = provinceDic;
	}
	
	@Column(name = "cityDic")
	public String getCityDic() {
		return cityDic;
	}

	public void setCityDic(String cityDic) {
		this.cityDic = cityDic;
	}

	@Column(name = "city")
	public String getCity() {
		return city;
	}

	public void setCity(String city) {
		this.city = city;
	}

	@Column(name = "headPortrait")
	public String getHeadPortrait() {
		return headPortrait;
	}

	public void setHeadPortrait(String headPortrait) {
		this.headPortrait = headPortrait;
	}
	
	@ManyToOne
        @JoinColumn(name = "zhiye_id")
	public ZhiYe getZhiye() {
		return zhiye;
	}

	public void setZhiye(ZhiYe zhiye) {
		this.zhiye = zhiye;
	}
	
	
}

3.职业实体类，这其中的mappedBy的值为职业类的@Table注解中的值

package cn.wiztek.wiztekDemo.entity.userDomain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.apache.abdera.ext.serializer.annotation.ID;

@Entity
@Table(name = "zhiye")
public class ZhiYe implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -611470410803045277L;
	
	private Integer id;
	private String gongzuo;
    private List<User> users;
	@ID
	@Column(name="id")
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	@Column(name="gongzuo")
	public String getGongzuo() {
		return gongzuo;
	}
	public void setGongzuo(String gongzuo) {
		this.gongzuo = gongzuo;
	}
	
	@OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL,fetch=FetchType.LAZY,mappedBy="zhiye")
	public List<User> getUsers() {
		return users;
	}
	public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
		this.users = users;
	}
	
	
}