Java操作SQLServer

柴米油盐那点事儿

已于 2022-11-22 17:44:34 修改

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文章标签： java servlet 开发语言

于 2022-11-22 17:14:34 首次发布

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xxpr_ybgg/article/details/126758649

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依赖

<dependency>
       <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
       <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
       <version>7.4.1.jre8</version>
</dependency>

DBUtil.java

package Database;
import java.sql.*;

public class DBUtil {

    //这里可以设置数据库名称
    private final static String URL = "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=People";
    private static final String USER="sa";
    private static final String PASSWORD="123456";
    
    private static Connection conn=null;
    //静态代码块（将加载驱动、连接数据库放入静态块中）
    static{
        try {
            //1.加载驱动程序
            Class.forName("com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver");
            //2.获得数据库的连接
            conn=(Connection)DriverManager.getConnection(URL,USER,PASSWORD);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    //对外提供一个方法来获取数据库连接
    public static Connection getConnection(){
        return conn;
    }
    
    
    //测试用例
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        
        //3.通过数据库的连接操作数据库，实现增删改查
        Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
        //ResultSet executeQuery(String sqlString)：执行查询数据库的SQL语句   ，返回一个结果集（ResultSet）对象。
        ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select id,name,age from BasicInfo");
        while(rs.next()){//如果对象中有数据，就会循环打印出来
            System.out.println(rs.getInt("id")+","+rs.getString("name")+","+rs.getInt("age"));
        }
    }

}

模型类Person

package Database;

public class Person {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    
    public int getId(){return this.id;}
    public void setId(int id){this.id = id;}
    
    public String getName(){return this.name;}
    public void setName(String name){this.name = name;}
    
    public int getAge(){return this.age;}
    public void setAge(int age){this.age = age;}
}

PersonDao.java

package Database;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class PersonDao {

    //------------------------------------------add--------------------------------------------------------
    public void addPerson(Person person)throws SQLException{
        //首先拿到数据库的连接
        Connection conn=DBUtil.getConnection();
        String sql="" + 
                "insert into BasicInfo"+
                "(id,name,age) "+
                "values(?,?,?)";//参数用?表示，相当于占位符;
        
        //预编译sql语句
        PreparedStatement psmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        
        //先对应SQL语句，给SQL语句传递参数
        psmt.setInt(1, person.getId());
        psmt.setString(2, person.getName());
        psmt.setInt(3, person.getAge());
        
        //执行SQL语句
        psmt.execute();
        /**
         * prepareStatement这个方法会将SQL语句加载到驱动程序conn集成程序中，但是并不直接执行
         * 而是当它调用execute()方法的时候才真正执行；
         * 
         * 上面SQL中的参数用?表示，相当于占位符，然后在对参数进行赋值。
         * 当真正执行时，这些参数会加载在SQL语句中，把SQL语句拼接完整才去执行。
         * 这样就会减少对数据库的操作
         */
    }
    //------------------------------------------add--------------------------------------------------------
    //------------------------------------------update--------------------------------------------------------
    
    public void updatePerson(Person person)throws SQLException{
        //首先拿到数据库的连接
        Connection conn=DBUtil.getConnection();
        String sql="" + 
                "update BasicInfo set name = ?,age = ? where id = ?";//参数用?表示，相当于占位符
        
        //预编译sql语句
        PreparedStatement psmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        
        //先对应SQL语句，给SQL语句传递参数
        psmt.setString(1, person.getName());
        psmt.setInt(2, person.getAge());
        psmt.setInt(3, person.getId());
        
        //执行SQL语句
        psmt.execute();
    }
    //------------------------------------------update--------------------------------------------------------
    //------------------------------------------delete--------------------------------------------------------
    
    public void deletePerson(int id) throws SQLException{
        Connection conn=DBUtil.getConnection();
        String sql="" + 
                "delete from BasicInfo where id = ?";
        PreparedStatement psmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        psmt.setInt(1,id);
        
        //执行SQL语句
        psmt.execute();
    }
    //------------------------------------------delete--------------------------------------------------------
    //------------------------------------------SearchOne--------------------------------------------------------
    
    public Person SearchOne(int id) throws SQLException{
        Person p = null;
        Connection conn=DBUtil.getConnection();
        String sql="" + 
                "select * from BasicInfo where id = ?";
        PreparedStatement psmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        psmt.setInt(1,id);
        
        //执行SQL语句
        ResultSet rs = psmt.executeQuery();
        while(rs.next()){
            p = new Person();
            p.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
            p.setName(rs.getString("name"));
            p.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
        }
        return p;
    }
    //------------------------------------------SearchOne--------------------------------------------------------
    //------------------------------------------Search--------------------------------------------------------
    
    public List<Person> Search() throws SQLException{
        Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
        Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
        ResultSet rs =  stmt.executeQuery("select id,name,age from BasicInfo");
        List<Person> people = new ArrayList<Person>();
        Person p = null;
        while(rs.next()){//如果对象中有数据，就会循环打印出来
            p = new Person();
            p.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
            p.setName(rs.getString("name"));
            p.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
            people.add(p);
        }
        return people;
        
    }
    //------------------------------------------Search--------------------------------------------------------
    
}

Testc.class

package Database;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        PersonDao p = new PersonDao();
        
        //add
        Person person0 = new Person();
        person0.setId(1);
        person0.setName("小明");
        person0.setAge(20);
        p.addPerson(person0);
        
        //update
        Person person1 = new Person();
        person1.setId(1);
        person1.setName("陈伟霆");
        person1.setAge(35);
        p.updatePerson(person1);
        
        //delete
        int id = 1;
        System.out.println(p.SearchOne(id).getName());
        
        
        //search
        List<Person> people = new ArrayList<Person>();
        people = p.Search();
        for(Person person : people){
            String str = person.getId()+","+person.getName()+","+person.getAge();
            System.out.println(str);
        }
        
        
        
    }
}

亲测有效

参考

Java连接并操作SQLServer数据库_xxpr_ybgg的博客-CSDN博客_java连接sqlserver数据库教程在连接数据库之前，首先要加载想要连接的数据库的驱动到JVM（Java虚拟机），这通过java.lang.Class类的静态方法forName(String className)实现。//ResultSet executeQuery(String sqlString)：执行查询数据库的SQL语句，返回一个结果集（ResultSet）对象。（1）ResultSet executeQuery(String sqlString)：执行查询数据库的SQL语句，返回一个结果集（ResultSet）对象。https://blog.csdn.net/xxpr_ybgg/article/details/126758649