Nginx
1.反向代理
客户端通过访问代理服务器,访问目标由代理服务器来实现,客户端不知道目标地址
2.负载均衡
传统:客户端,访问服务器,服务器请求,响应客户端
负载均衡:客户端请求代理服务器,访问多个服务器,代理服务器根据每一台的负载情况,平均分配在不同的服务器上。
3.动静分离
动态页面与动态页面由不同的服务器来解析
4安装
1)nginx 安装
安装成功后在local下,存在nginx文件夹,sbin下面是启动命令
2) pcre
下载安装包 拷贝在linux下,tar -xvf 压缩包 进入目录,执行./configure 再进行 make $$ make install
3)openssl
4)zlib
5常用命令
必须进入/usr/local/nginxsbin
1)查看nginx的版本号
./nginx - v
2)启动nginx
./nginx
3)关闭nginx
./nginx -s stop
4)重新加载nginx
./nginx -s reload
6.配置文件 重点
#user nobody;
#全局块 并发数
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
#events events块 设置最大的连接数
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
#http模块
http {
#配置负载均衡
upstream myserver{
server http://localhost:8080;
server http://localhost:8081;
}
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 8080;# 设置访问的端口
server_name localhost;//设置代理的sip
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#设置代理的地址或者路径
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:8080/a.html
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#利用正则表达式访问不同的资源
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}