三种方式启动dubbo服务（dubbo2使用web容器，dubbo3IDL 方式、springboot）

一、使用web容器（Tomcat、Jetty等）启动dubbo服务

使用Tomcat插件运行war包 。
缺点： 增加端口管理复杂性， tomcat/jetty等都需要占用端口，dubbo服务也需要端口；浪费资源（内存），单独启动 tomcat，jetty占用内存大运用：需要提供web服务的模块。
老旧war不支持现如今的微服务架构和需求

<packaging>war</packaging>

<!-- 引入dubbo -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.3</version>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
					<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
			<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
			<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.3</version>
		</dependency>



       <build>
		<resources>
			<resource>
				<directory>src/main/java</directory>
				<includes>
					<include>**/*.properties</include>
					<include>**/*.xml</include>
				</includes>
				<filtering>false</filtering>
			</resource>
			<resource>
				<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
				<includes>
					<include>**/*.properties</include>
					<include>**/*.xml</include>
					<include>**/*.ini</include>
				</includes>
				<filtering>false</filtering>
			</resource>
		</resources>
		
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
				<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<port>8080</port>
					<path>/</path>
					<useBodyEncodingForURI>true</useBodyEncodingForURI>
					<uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<additionalProjectnatures>
						<projectnature>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springnature</projectnature>
					</additionalProjectnatures>
					<additionalBuildcommands>
						<buildcommand>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springbuilder</buildcommand>
					</additionalBuildcommands>
					<downloadSources>true</downloadSources>
					<downloadJavadocs>true</downloadJavadocs>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
		
	</build>

二、IDL 方式(dubbo3)

前置条件
JDK 版本 >= 8
已安装 Maven

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>

<dependencies>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>junit</groupId>
       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
       <version>4.13</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
       <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
       <version>3.0.8</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper-curator5</artifactId>
    <type>pom</type>
    <version>3.0.8</version>
   </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>
        <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId>
        <version>3.19.4</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
    <extensions>
        <extension>
            <groupId>kr.motd.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>os-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1</version>
        </extension>
    </extensions>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.xolstice.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>protobuf-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>0.6.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <protocArtifact>com.google.protobuf:protoc:3.19.4:exe:${os.detected.classifier}</protocArtifact>
                <protocPlugins>
                    <protocPlugin>
                        <id>dubbo</id>
                        <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
                        <artifactId>dubbo-com