springcloud-nacos-seata 实现分布式事务

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-04 00:48:22 发布

置顶路西法_Lucifer

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-04 00:48:22 发布

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分类专栏： # springboot实战分布式事务微服务实战篇文章标签： seata

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37495786/article/details/103488402

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附：

nacos官方文档，seata官方文档

1.预备环境准备

注：如果没有安装64位的jdk1.8或者以上版本，在启动nacos,会报错。

[root@localhost bin]# sh startup.sh -m standalone
which: no javac in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin)
readlink: 缺少操作数
Try 'readlink --help' for more information.
dirname: 缺少操作数
Try 'dirname --help' for more information.
ERROR: Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment, We need java(x64)! jdk8 or later is better! !!

1.1 解压jdk、nacos、seata：

[root@localhost software]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz && tar -zxvf nacos-server-1.3.0.tar.gz && tar -zxvf seata-server-1.2.0.tar.gz
jdk1.8.0_241/

1.2 配置jdk环境

附：安装配置jdk

2. nacos

[root@localhost software]# cd nacos
[root@localhost nacos]# cd bin
[root@localhost bin]# sh startup.sh -m standalone
/software/jdk1.8.0_241/bin/java  -Xms512m -Xmx512m -Xmn256m -Dnacos.standalone=true -Dnacos.member.list= -Djava.ext.dirs=/software/jdk1.8.0_241/jre/lib/ext:/software/jdk1.8.0_241/lib/ext -Xloggc:/software/nacos/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M -Dloader.path=/software/nacos/plugins/health,/software/nacos/plugins/cmdb,/software/nacos/plugins/mysql -Dnacos.home=/software/nacos -jar /software/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar  --spring.config.location=classpath:/,classpath:/config/,file:./,file:./config/,file:/software/nacos/conf/ --logging.config=/software/nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml --server.max-http-header-size=524288
nacos is starting with standalone
nacos is starting，you can check the /software/nacos/logs/start.out

附：

1.Linux/Unix/Mac
	启动命令(standalone代表着单机模式运行，非集群模式):
	sh startup.sh -m standalone
2.如果您使用的是ubuntu系统，或者运行脚本报错提示[[符号找不到，可尝试如下运行：
	bash startup.sh -m standalone
3.Windows
	启动命令：
	cmd startup.cmd
	或者双击startup.cmd运行文件。

查看nacos启动日志：

[root@localhost bin]# cat /software/nacos/logs/start.out

日志内容：

日志内容最后一行：代表启动成功了。

2020-06-18 11:06:01,926 INFO Nacos started successfully in stand alone mode. use embedded storage

访问浏览器http://192.168.24.140:8848/nacos/index.html，使用账号/密码：nacos/nacos登录。

注：使用宿主机去远程访问虚拟机，需要开放端口，或者关闭虚拟机防火墙：

[root@localhost bin]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

3. seata

3.1 file.conf:(这里其实不用配，我这里用不到)

3.2 registy.conf:

registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    application = "seata-server"
    serverAddr = "localhost"
    namespace = ""
    cluster = "default"
    username = ""
    password = ""
  }
}

config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    serverAddr = "localhost"
    namespace = ""
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    username = ""
    password = ""
  }

}

3.3 创建seata数据库，并创建三张表：

-- -------------------------------- The script used when storeMode is 'db' --------------------------------
-- the table to store GlobalSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
    `xid`                       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`            BIGINT,
    `status`                    TINYINT      NOT NULL,
    `application_id`            VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_name`          VARCHAR(128),
    `timeout`                   INT,
    `begin_time`                BIGINT,
    `application_data`          VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`                DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`              DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
    KEY `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
    KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
    `branch_id`         BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `xid`               VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`    BIGINT,
    `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
    `resource_id`       VARCHAR(256),
    `branch_type`       VARCHAR(8),
    `status`            TINYINT,
    `client_id`         VARCHAR(64),
    `application_data`  VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`        DATETIME(6),
    `gmt_modified`      DATETIME(6),
    PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
    `row_key`        VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `xid`            VARCHAR(96),
    `transaction_id` BIGINT,
    `branch_id`      BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `resource_id`    VARCHAR(256),
    `table_name`     VARCHAR(32),
    `pk`             VARCHAR(36),
    `gmt_create`     DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`   DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
    KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

3.3 将seata配置推送到nacos

在1.2版本已经不在给我们的包中提供这些文件了：（1）nacos-config.sh (2)config.txt

可以在seata的GitHub项目中找到对应的文件：https://github.com/seata/seata/tree/1.2.0/script/config-center

config.txt:（根据自己需要修改，跟file.conf内容其实一样）

transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableClientBatchSendRequest=false
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
service.vgroupMapping.storage-service-group=default
service.vgroupMapping.order-service-group=default
service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091
service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=false
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
store.mode=db
store.file.dir=file_store/data
store.file.maxBranchSessionSize=16384
store.file.maxGlobalSessionSize=512
store.file.fileWriteBufferCacheSize=16384
store.file.flushDiskMode=async
store.file.sessionReloadReadSize=100
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?useUnicode=true
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=123456
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.log.exceptionRate=100
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898

ps:这里因为是mysql8.0.因此这里用的是com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver，否则在启动seata时，会报空指针，获取连接失败。

nacos-config.sh：（直接从GitHub上seata项目中拷贝即可）

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Copyright 1999-2019 Seata.io Group.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at、
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

while getopts ":h:p:g:t:" opt
do
  case $opt in
  h)
    host=$OPTARG
    ;;
  p)
    port=$OPTARG
    ;;
  g)
    group=$OPTARG
    ;;
  t)
    tenant=$OPTARG
    ;;
  ?)
    echo " USAGE OPTION: $0 [-h host] [-p port] [-g group] [-t tenant] "
    exit 1
    ;;
  esac
done

if [[ -z ${host} ]]; then
    host=localhost
fi
if [[ -z ${port} ]]; then
    port=8848
fi
if [[ -z ${group} ]]; then
    group="SEATA_GROUP"
fi
if [[ -z ${tenant} ]]; then
    tenant=""
fi

nacosAddr=$host:$port
contentType="content-type:application/json;charset=UTF-8"

echo "set nacosAddr=$nacosAddr"
echo "set group=$group"

failCount=0
tempLog=$(mktemp -u)
function addConfig() {
  curl -X POST -H "${1}" "http://$2/nacos/v1/cs/configs?dataId=$3&group=$group&content=$4&tenant=$tenant" >"${tempLog}" 2>/dev/null
  if [[ -z $(cat "${tempLog}") ]]; then
    echo " Please check the cluster status. "
    exit 1
  fi
  if [[ $(cat "${tempLog}") =~ "true" ]]; then
    echo "Set $3=$4 successfully "
  else
    echo "Set $3=$4 failure "
    (( failCount++ ))
  fi
}

count=0
for line in $(cat $(dirname "$PWD")/config.txt | sed s/[[:space:]]//g); do
  (( count++ ))
	key=${line%%=*}
  value=${line#*=}
	addConfig "${contentType}" "${nacosAddr}" "${key}" "${value}"
done

echo "========================================================================="
echo " Complete initialization parameters,  total-count:$count ,  failure-count:$failCount "
echo "========================================================================="

if [[ ${failCount} -eq 0 ]]; then
	echo " Init nacos config finished, please start seata-server. "
else
	echo " init nacos config fail. "
fi

注：store.db.driverClassName这个配置如果是mysql8.0，这里需要改成com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver，刚开始我使用默认的com.mysql.jdbc.Driver，导致seata无法启动，连接不上。

使用脚本，将seata的配置推送到nacos中：

[root@localhost conf]# sh nacos-config.sh localhost

注：如果这一步推送服务出错，而你确实是从seata的GitHub中拷贝下来的，确保没有问题，却提示语法错误，首先看下文件是否是utf-8。

参数说明：

-h: host，默认值 localhost

-p: port，默认值 8848

-g: 配置分组，默认值为 'SEATA_GROUP'

-t: 租户信息，对应 Nacos 的命名空间ID字段, 默认值为空 ''

执行脚本后，控制台打印：

=========================================================================
 Complete initialization parameters,  total-count:68 ,  failure-count:0
=========================================================================
 Init nacos config finished, please start seata-server.

再次访问浏览器http://192.168.24.140:8848/nacos/index.html，使用账号/密码：nacos/nacos登录

会看到大量的配置加载到了nacos当中，这里我根据Data Id为service.vgroupMapping.${your-service-gruop}，，可以看到storage-service-group和order-service-group配置也被加载到了nacos中。

ps: 当然也可以使用如下命令将seata的配置推送到nacos：(这里选其中一种即可，我就直接使用上面那种，用默认的命名空间public了)

创建命名空间：

[root@localhost conf]# sh nacos-config.sh -h localhost -p 8848 -g SEATA_GROUP -t eadf9fc7-4f4b-4134-81a0-e82e06268965

访问浏览器http://192.168.24.140:8848/nacos/index.html，使用账号/密码：nacos/nacos登录

3.4 启动seata

[root@localhost seata]# cd bin
[root@localhost bin]# sh seata-server.sh -p 8091 -h 192.168.24.140 -m db


#下面两种启动命令参考：
cd bin
sh seata-server.sh -p 8091 -m db
#or 
sh seata-server.sh

控制台：

注：如果seata服务端的registy.conf文件没有配置，启动seata会提示无法创建mysql连接，并一直空指针异常，假如你想使用nacos做为配置中心，里面存放seata的配置，那么就是从nacos中读取你的配置，你不配置registy.conf，seata就读不到。

再次访问nacos：查看服务列表seata-server被注册进去了

点击详情查看：

注：seata 1.2的服务名是seata-server，1.2版本以前不是叫这个名字，另外这个ip地址查看是否是虚拟机ip,我原先启动seata直接使用sh seata-server.sh，并没有指定ip,启动项目后:

问题：

报io.seata.common.exception.FrameworkException: can not register RM,err:can not connect to services-server.

解决：

参考：(1)https://github.com/seata/seata/issues/2522 （2）https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/overview/faq.html

使用jps查看：除了jps本身之外，server是seata的，nacos-server.jar是nacos:

[root@localhost ~]# jps
16803 Server
16220 nacos-server.jar
16879 Jps

4. 代码

4.1 order-service

    <!-- seata-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
                    <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
            <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

application.yml: （registry.conf中内容挪到了application.yml中，因此不需要registry.conf文件，只要一个application.yml即可）

server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  application:
    name: order-service
  datasource:
    druid:
      url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.24.140:3306/seata_order?allowMultiQueries=true&useSSL=false
      username: root
      password: 123456
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  cloud:
    nacos:   # Nacos 注册中心地址
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.24.140:8848
seata:
  enabled: true
  application-id: ${spring.application.name}
  tx-service-group: ${spring.application.name}-group
  enable-auto-data-source-proxy: true
  config:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      namespace:
      serverAddr: 192.168.24.140:8848
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      userName: "nacos"
      password: "nacos"
  registry:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      application: seata-server
      server-addr: 192.168.24.140:8848
      namespace:
      userName: "nacos"
      password: "nacos"

logging:
  level:
    io.seata: debug

4.2 storage-service

ps:

pom.xml中引入seata包一致，application.yml中大部分一致，数据库名改成storage-service自己的库，应用名改成storage-service即可。

4.3 测试

启动成功：控制台也并无报错：

postman测试：

（1）成功提交：localhost:8080/order/placeOrder/commit

数据库中：订单表已经有一条数据，库存表商品库存数量减1

（2）失败回滚：localhost:8080/order/placeOrder/rollback

order-service服务远程调用storage-service服务：

在storage-service服务中，模拟异常：

order-service: 控制台打印信息

2020-07-01 14:22:51.129  INFO 23884 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] i.seata.tm.api.DefaultGlobalTransaction  : [192.168.24.140:8091:2015773465] rollback status: Rollbacked
2020-07-01 14:22:51.145 ERROR 23884 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet]    : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is feign.FeignException: status 500 reading StorageFeignClient#deduct(String,Integer); content:
{"timestamp":"2020-07-01T06:22:51.001+0000","status":500,"error":"Internal Server Error","message":"异常:模拟业务异常:Storage branch exception","path":"/storage/deduct"}] with root cause

feign.FeignException: status 500 reading StorageFeignClient#deduct(String,Integer); content:
{"timestamp":"2020-07-01T06:22:51.001+0000","status":500,"error":"Internal Server Error","message":"异常:模拟业务异常:Storage branch exception","path":"/storage/deduct"}
	at feign.FeignException.errorStatus(FeignException.java:62) ~[feign-core-9.5.1.jar:na]

storage-service:控制台打印信息

2020-07-01 14:22:50.986  WARN 15036 --- [nio-9080-exec-3] c.a.c.seata.web.SeataHandlerInterceptor  : xid in change during RPC from 192.168.24.140:8091:2015773465 to null
2020-07-01 14:22:50.994 ERROR 15036 --- [nio-9080-exec-3] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet]    : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.RuntimeException: 异常:模拟业务异常:Storage branch exception] with root cause

java.lang.RuntimeException: 异常:模拟业务异常:Storage branch exception
	at com.work.storage.service.StorageService.deduct(StorageService.java:37) ~[classes/:na]
	at com.work.storage.service.StorageService$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$1fc49d96.invoke(<generated>) ~[classes/:na]
	at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204) ~[spring-core-5.0.10.RELEASE.jar:5.0.10.RELEASE]

ps:

在启动order-service和storage-service服务后，用postman测试接口提示如下问题：

Could not commit JDBC transaction; nested exception is io.seata.rm.datasource.exec.LockConflictException: get global lock fail

我发现seata表中有数据，于是我将seata表中的数据都删了，重启seata，然后再启动项目，问题没有再出现了。

注：

当我删掉service.vgroupMapping.storage-service-group和service.vgroupMapping.order-service-group这两个配置。

控制台立马报错：i.s.c.r.netty.NettyClientChannelManager : no available service 'null' found, please make sure registry config correct

因此这个错误可能是：

（1）是不是将seata的配置推送到了nacos当中（上面有推送的方法）。

（2）首先检查客户端代码配置的seata.tx-service-group: ${spring.application.name}-group与nacos中的配置service.vgroupMapping.${spring.application.name}-group的${spring.application.name}是不是一致。

参考：springcloud-nacos-seata官方demo

路西法_Lucifer

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springcloud-nacos-seata 实现分布式事务

分布式事务组件seata的使用demo，AT模式，集成nacos、springboot、springcloud、mybatis-plus，数据库采用mysql;ps:github代码:transaction_example1. 服务端配置1.1 Nacos-server启动命令(standalone代表着单机模式运行，非集群模式):cd binsh startup.sh ...
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