1 音频组件
Qt提供的多媒体可以从高层到底层进行访问, 以及处理音频的输出和输入。Qt为了开发基于多媒体的应用程序，可以使用QMediaPlayer类.
不仅支持从属的压缩音频格式,也支持用户安装的多媒体插件.
播放多媒体使用到QMediaPlayer类,需要在.pro文件中添加QT += multimedia
1.1 最简单的音乐播放器的实现
最简单例子
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QMediaPlayer * player = new QMediaPlayer;
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player->setMedia(QUrl::fromLocalFile("c:\\123.MP3"));
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player->setVolume(50);
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player->play();
1.2 常用函数
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[public slot] void QMediaPlayer::play() //播放
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[public slot] void QMediaPlayer::pause() //暂停
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[public slot] void QMediaPlayer::stop() //停止
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[public slot] void QMediaPlayer::setVolume(int volume); //设置音量
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[public slot] void QMediaPlayer::setMedia(const QMediaContent &media, QIODevice *stream = Q_NULLPTR); //设置多媒体资源.
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[public slot] void QMediaPlayer::setPlaylist(QMediaPlaylist *playlist); //设置播放资源
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[public slot] void QMediaPlayer::setPosition(qint64 position); //设置资源位置
一个简单播放器的例子
widget.h
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class Widget : public QWidget
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{
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Q_OBJECT
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public:
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Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
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~Widget();
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public slots:
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void playAudio();
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private:
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QMediaPlayer *_player;
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QLabel * _label;
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};
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// WIDGET_H
widget.cpp
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Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
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: QWidget(parent)
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{
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_player = new QMediaPlayer(this);
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/*布局音量滑块*/
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QHBoxLayout* hBox0 = new QHBoxLayout;
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QLabel *label = new QLabel("volume:");
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QSlider* slider = new QSlider;
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slider->setOrientation(Qt::Horizontal);
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slider->setRange(0, 100);
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slider->setValue(_player->volume());
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hBox0->addWidget(label);
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hBox0->addWidget(slider);
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/*布局控制按钮*/
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QHBoxLayout* hBox1 = new QHBoxLayout;
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QPushButton* pb0 = new QPushButton("open");
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QPushButton* pb1 = new QPushButton("play");
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QPushButton* pb2 = new QPushButton("pause");
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QPushButton* pb3 = new QPushButton("stop");
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hBox1->addWidget(pb0);
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hBox1->addWidget(pb1);
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hBox1->addWidget(pb2);
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hBox1->addWidget(pb3);
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/*窗口布局*/
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QVBoxLayout* vBox = new QVBoxLayout;
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_label = new QLabel("please open a mp3 file", this);
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vBox->addWidget(_label, 2);
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vBox->addLayout(hBox0, 1);
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vBox->addLayout(hBox1, 1);
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this->setLayout(vBox);
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/*信号链接*/
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connect(pb0, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(playAudio()));
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connect(pb1, SIGNAL(clicked()), _player, SLOT(play()));
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connect(pb2, SIGNAL(clicked()), _player, SLOT(pause()));
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connect(pb3, SIGNAL(clicked()), _player, SLOT(stop()));
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connect(slider, SIGNAL(valueChanged(int)), _player, SLOT(setVolume(int)));
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connect(_player, SIGNAL(volumeChanged(int)), slider, SLOT(setValue(int)));
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}
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void Widget::playAudio()
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{
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QString filename = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, "MP3", "", "(*.mp3)");
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if(QFileInfo(filename).isReadable())
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{
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_label->setText(QFileInfo(filename).fileName());
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_player->setMedia(QUrl::fromLocalFile(filename));
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}
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}
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Widget::~Widget()
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{
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}
1.3 播放列表的使用
上面简单的播放器，每次只能设置一首歌曲，如果想实现多首歌曲播放，可以使用多媒体播放列表类QMediaPlayList。
带播放列表的播放
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QMediaPlayer * player = new QMediaPlayer;
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QMediaPlayList * playlist = new QMediaPlayList
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player-> setPlaylist(playlist);
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playlist ->addMedia(QUrl::fromLocalFile("c:\\123.mp3"));
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playlist->addMedia(QUrl("http://example.com/123.mp3"));
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player->play();
QMediaPlayList一些常用函数
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void QmediaPlayList::setCurrentIndex(int playlistPosition)//设置当前播放的资源索引.
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void QmediaPlayList::setPlaybackMode(PlaybackMode mode) //设置播放模式,循环播放，随机播放等
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void QmediaPlayList::next() //播放下一首
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void QmediaPlayList::previous() //播放前一首
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bool QmediaPlayList::addMedia(const QMediaContent &content; //添加资源
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bool QmediaPlayList::removeMedia(int pos); //移除某一个资源
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bool QmediaPlayList::clear() //移除所有资源
2 视频播放组件
Qt提供的多媒体功能能够打开并控制从低层到高层的视频数据，而且可以重叠(Overlap)使用音频以及视频数据。
为了能使用c++处理视频数据的多媒体程序，使用QMediaPlayer类实现视频编码。使用QVideoWidget和QGraphicsVideoItem类将视频数据显示到界面中。
需要在.pro文件中添加QT+= multimedia multimediawidgets
2.1 使用QVideoWidget播放视频
widget.h
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class Widget : public QWidget
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{
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Q_OBJECT
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public:
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Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
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~Widget();
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public slots:
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void playVideo();
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private:
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QMediaPlayer *_player;
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QVideoWidget *_videoWidget;
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QMediaPlaylist *_playList;
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};
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// WIDGET_H
widget.cpp
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Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
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: QWidget(parent)
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{
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this->resize(600, 480);
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_player = new QMediaPlayer(this);
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_videoWidget = new QVideoWidget(this);
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_playList = new QMediaPlaylist(this);
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_player->setPlaylist(_playList);
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_player->setVideoOutput(_videoWidget);
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QPushButton * pb = new QPushButton("play", this);
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QVBoxLayout * vBox = new QVBoxLayout(this);
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vBox->addWidget(_videoWidget, 5);
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vBox->addWidget(pb);
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this->setLayout(vBox);
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connect(pb, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(playVideo()));
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}
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void Widget::playVideo()
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{
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QString filename = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, "MP3", "", "(*.mp4 *.wmv)");
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if(QFileInfo(filename).isReadable())
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{
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_playList->addMedia(QUrl::fromLocalFile(filename));
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_player->play();
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}
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}
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Widget::~Widget()
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{
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}
2.2 使用QGraphicsVideoItem播放视频
widget.h
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class GraphicsView : public QGraphicsView
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{
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Q_OBJECT
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public:
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GraphicsView(QWidget *parent = 0);
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~GraphicsView();
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};
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// WIDGET_H
widget.cpp
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GraphicsView::GraphicsView(QWidget *parent)
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: QGraphicsView(parent)
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{
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this->resize(600, 480);
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QMediaPlayer * player = new QMediaPlayer(this);
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QGraphicsScene* scene = new QGraphicsScene(this);
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QGraphicsVideoItem * item = new QGraphicsVideoItem;
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item->setFlag(QGraphicsItem::ItemIsMovable);
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scene->addItem(item);
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this->setScene(scene);
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player->setVideoOutput(item);
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player->setMedia(QUrl::fromLocalFile("E:\\123.wmv"));
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player->play();
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}
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GraphicsView::~GraphicsView()
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{
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}
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