数据表的创建

Table 数据表创建

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数据表创建

#语法规则1
CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
(create_definition, ...)
[table_options]
[partion_options]

#语法规则2
CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
[(create_definition, ...)]
[table_options]
[partion_options]
select_statement

#语法规则3
CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
{LIKE old_tbl_name | (LIKE old_tbl_name)}

#create_definition 语法 
create_definition:
    col_name column_definition
    | [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] PRIMARY KEY [index_type] (index_col_name, ...)
        [index_option] ....
    | {INDEX|KEY} {index_name} [index_type] (index_col_name)
        [index_option] ...
    | [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] UNIQUE [INDEX|KEY]
        [index_name] [index_type] (index_col_name)
        [index_option] ...
    | [FULLTEXT|SPATIAL] [INDEX|KEY] [index_name] (index_col_name, ....)
      [index_option] ...
    | [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] FOREIGN KEY 
      [index_name] (index_col_name, ...) reference_definition
    | CHECK (EXPR)

#column_definition 语法
column_definition:
    data_type [NOT NULL | NULL] [DEFAULT default_value]
      [AUTO_INCREMENT] [UNIQUE [KEY] | [PRIMARY] KEY]
      [COMMENT 'string']
      [COLUMN_FORMAT {FIXED|DYNAMIC|DEFAULT}]
      [STORAGE {DISK|MEMMORY|DEFAULT}]
      [reference_definition]

#data_type 语法 
data_type:
    BIT[(length)]
  | TINYINT[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | SMALLINT[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | MEDIUMINT[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | INT[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | INTEGER[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | BIGINT[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | REAL[(length,decimals)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | DOUBLE[(length,decimals)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | FLOAT[(length,decimals)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | DECIMAL[(length[,decimals])] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | NUMERIC[(length[,decimals])] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
  | DATE
  | TIME
  | TIMESTAMP
  | DATETIME
  | YEAR
  | CHAR[(length)] [BINARY]
      [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
  | VARCHAR(length) [BINARY]
      [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
  | BINARY[(length)]
  | VARBINARY(length)
  | TINYBLOB
  | BLOB
  | MEDIUMBLOB
  | LONGBLOB
  | TINYTEXT [BINARY]
      [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
  | TEXT [BINARY]
      [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
  | MEDIUMTEXT [BINARY]
      [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
  | LONGTEXT [BINARY]
      [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
  | ENUM(value1,value2,value3,...)
      [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
  | SET(value1,value2,value3,...)
      [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
  | spatial_type

#index_col_name 语法 
col_name:
    col_name [(length)] [ASC|DESC]  #INDEX (name(3) ASC, email) 

#index_type 语法 
index_type:
    USING {BTREE | HASH} # INDEX index_username_length_3  BTREE (username(3) ASC)

#index_option 语法 
index_option:
    KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value 
  | index_type 
  | WITH PARSER parser_name
  | COMMENT 'string'

#reference_definition 语法
reference_definition:
    REFERENCES tbl_name (index_col_name, ...)
    [MATCH FULL | MATCH PARTIAL | MATCH SIMPLE]
    [ON DELETE reference_option]
    [ON UPDATE reference_option]

# reference_option 语法
reference_option:
    RESTRICT | CASCADE | SET NULL | NO ACTION

#table_options 语法：
table_options:
    table_option [[,] table_option] ...

#table_option 语法：
table_option:
    ENGINE [=] engine_name
  | AUTO_INCREMENT [=] value
  | AVG_ROW_LENGTH [=] value #指定行的平均长度
  | MAX_ROWS [=] value # 和AVG_ROW_LENGTH 配合计算标的最大容量
  | MIN_ROWS [=] value
  | [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name
  | CHECKSUM [=] {0|1}
  | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name
  | DATA DIRECTORY [=] 'absolute path to directory'
  | DELAY_KEY_WRITE [=] {0 | 1}
  | INDEX DIRECTORY [=] 'absolute path to directory'
  | INSERT_METHOD [=] { NO | FIRST | LAST }
  | KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value
  | PACK_KEYS [=] {0 | 1 | DEFAULT}
  | PASSWORD [=] 'string'
  | ROW_FORMAT [=] {DEFAULT|DYNAMIC|FIXED|COMPRESSED|REDUNDANT|COMPACT}
  | TABLESPACE tablespace_name [STORAGE {DISK|MEMORY|DEFAULT}]
  | UNION [=] (tbl_name[,tbl_name]...)

#partition_options 语法
partition_option:
    PARTITION BY
        { [LINEAR] HASH (expr)
        | [LINEAR] KEY [ALGORITHM = {1|2}] (column_list)
        | RANGE {(expr) | COLUMNS(column_list)}
        | LIST {(expr) | COLUMNS(column_list)}}
        [PARTITIONS num]
        [SUBPARTITION BY
          { [LINEAR] HASH(expr)
            | [LINEAR] KEY [ALGORITHM = {1|2}] (column_list)
          }
          [SUBPARTITION num]
        ]
        [(partition_definition [, partition_definition] ...)]

#partition_definition 语法
partition_definition:
    PARTITION partition_name
        [VALUES 
            {LESS THAN {(expr | value_list) | MAXVALUE} 
            | 
            IN (value_list)}]
        [[STORAGE] ENGINE [=] engine_name]
        [COMMENT [=] 'comment_text' ]
        [DATA DIRECTORY [=] 'data_dir']
        [INDEX DIRECTORY [=] 'index_dir']
        [MAX_ROWS [=] max_number_of_rows]
        [MIN_ROWS [=] min_number_of_rows]
        [TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name]
        [NODEGROUP [=] node_group_id]
        [(subpartition_definition [, subpartition_definition] ...)]

#subpartition_definition 语法：
subpartition_definition:
    SUBPARTITION logical_name
        [[STORAGE] ENGINE [=] engine_name]
        [COMMENT [=] 'comment_text' ]
        [DATA DIRECTORY [=] 'data_dir']
        [INDEX DIRECTORY [=] 'index_dir']
        [MAX_ROWS [=] max_number_of_rows]
        [MIN_ROWS [=] min_number_of_rows]
        [TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name]
        [NODEGROUP [=] node_group_id]

select_statement:
    [IGNORE | REPLACE] [AS] SELECT ...   (Some valid select statement)             
 
 
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注意：创建表之前首先得具有CREATE权限，如果没有权限，表已经存在，没有声明引用的数据库将引发错误