一、SpringMVC基础入门，创建一个HelloWorld程序
1.首先，导入SpringMVC需要的jar包。
2.添加Web.xml配置文件中关于SpringMVC的配置
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<!--configure the setting of springmvcDispatcherServlet and configure the mapping-->
<
servlet
>
<
servlet-name
><
span
id
=
"45_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"45_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"45"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>spring</
span
></
a
></
span
>mvc</
servlet-name
>
<
servlet-class
>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</
servlet-class
>
<
init-param
>
<
param-name
>contextConfigLocation</
param-name
>
<
param-value
>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</
param-value
>
</
init-param
>
<!-- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> -->
</<
span
id
=
"46_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"46_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=servlet&k0=servlet&kdi0=0&luki=5&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"46"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>servlet</
span
></
a
></
span
>>
<
servlet-mapping
>
<
servlet-name
>springmvc</
servlet-name
>
<
url-pattern
>/</
url-pattern
>
</
servlet-mapping
>
|
3.在src下添加springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件
4.在WEB-INF文件夹下创建名为jsp的文件夹，用来存放jsp视图。创建一个hello.jsp，在body中添加“Hello World”。
5.建立包及Controller，如下所示
6.编写Controller代码
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@Controller
@RequestMapping
(
"/mvc"
)
public
class
mvcController {
@RequestMapping
(
"/hello"
)
public
String hello(){
return
"hello"
;
}
}
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7.启动服务器，键入 http://localhost:8080/项目名/mvc/hello
二、配置解析
1.Dispatcherservlet
DispatcherServlet是前置控制器，配置在web.xml文件中的。拦截匹配的请求，Servlet拦截匹配规则要自已定义，把拦截下来的请求，依据相应的规则分发到目标Controller来处理，是配置spring MVC的第一步。
2.InternalResourceViewResolver
视图名称解析器
3.以上出现的注解
@Controller 负责注册一个bean 到spring 上下文中
@RequestMapping 注解为控制器指定可以处理哪些 URL 请求
三、SpringMVC常用注解
@Controller
负责注册一个bean 到spring 上下文中
@RequestMapping
注解为控制器指定可以处理哪些 URL 请求
@RequestBody
该注解用于读取Request请求的body部分数据，使用系统默认配置的HttpMessageConverter进行解析，然后把相应的数据绑定到要返回的对象上 ,再把HttpMessageConverter返回的对象数据绑定到 controller中方法的参数上
@ResponseBody
该注解用于将Controller的方法返回的对象，通过适当的HttpMessageConverter转换为指定格式后，写入到Response对象的body数据区
@ModelAttribute
在方法定义上使用 @ModelAttribute 注解：Spring MVC 在调用目标处理方法前，会先逐个调用在方法级上标注了@ModelAttribute 的方法
在方法的入参前使用 @ModelAttribute 注解：可以从隐含对象中获取隐含的模型数据中获取对象，再将请求参数 –绑定到对象中，再传入入参将方法入参对象添加到模型中
@RequestParam
在处理方法入参处使用 @RequestParam 可以把请求参 数传递给请求方法
@PathVariable
绑定 URL 占位符到入参
@ExceptionHandler
注解到方法上，出现异常时会执行该方法
@ControllerAdvice
使一个Contoller成为全局的异常处理类，类中用@ExceptionHandler方法注解的方法可以处理所有Controller发生的异常
四、自动匹配参数
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//match automatically
@RequestMapping
(
"/person"
)
public
String toPerson(String name,
double
age){
System.out.println(name+
" "
+age);
return
"hello"
;
}
|
五、自动装箱
1.编写一个Person实体类
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package
test.SpringMVC.model;
public
class
Person {
public
String getName() {
return
name;
}
public
void
setName(String name) {
this
.name = name;
}
public
int
getAge() {
return
age;
}
public
void
setAge(
int
age) {
this
.age = age;
}
private
String name;
private
int
age;
}
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2.在Controller里编写方法
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//boxing automatically
@RequestMapping
(
"/person1"
)
public
String toPerson(Person p){
System.out.println(p.getName()+
" "
+p.getAge());
return
"hello"
;
}
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六、使用InitBinder来处理Date类型的参数
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//the parameter was converted in initBinder
@RequestMapping
(
"/date"
)
public
String date(Date date){
System.out.println(date);
return
"hello"
;
}
//At the time of initialization,convert the type "String" to type "date"
@InitBinder
public
void
initBinder(ServletRequestDataBinder binder){
binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.
class
,
new
CustomDateEditor(
new
SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyy-MM-dd"
),
true
));
}
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七、向前台传递参数
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//pass the parameters to front-end
@RequestMapping
(
"/show"
)
public
String showPerson(Map<String,Object> map){
Person p =
new
Person();
map.put(
"p"
, p);
p.setAge(
20
);
p.setName(
"jayjay"
);
return
"show"
;
}
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前台可在Request域中取到"p"
八、使用Ajax调用
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//pass the parameters to front-end using <span id="28_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="28_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=ajax&k0=ajax&kdi0=0&luki=4&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="28" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">ajax</span></a></span>
@RequestMapping
(
"/getPerson"
)
public
void
getPerson(String name,PrintWriter pw){
pw.write(
"hello,"
+name);
}
@RequestMapping
(
"/name"
)
public
String sayHello(){
return
"name"
;
}
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前台用下面的Jquery代码调用
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$(
function
(){
$(
"#btn"
).click(
function
(){
$.post(
"<span id="
25_nwp
" style="
width: auto; height: auto; float: none;
"><a id="
25_nwl
" href="
http:
//cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=mvc&k0=mvc&kdi0=0&luki=10&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="25" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">mvc</span></a></span>/getPerson",{name:$("#name").val()},function(<span id="26_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="26_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=data&k0=data&kdi0=0&luki=1&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="26" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">data</span></a></span>){
alert(data);
});
});
});
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九、在Controller中使用redirect方式处理请求
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//redirect
@RequestMapping
(
"/redirect"
)
public
String redirect(){
return
"redirect:hello"
;
}
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十、文件上传
1.需要导入两个jar包
2.在SpringMVC配置文件中加入
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<!-- upload settings -->
<
bean
id
=
"multipartResolver"
class
=
"org.<span id="
24_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"24_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"24"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>spring</
span
></
a
></
span
>framework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<
property
name
=
"maxUploadSize"
value
=
"102400000"
></
property
>
</
bean
>
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3.方法代码
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@RequestMapping
(value=
"/upload"
,method=RequestMethod.POST)
public
String upload(HttpServletRequest req)
throws
Exception{
MultipartHttpServletRequest mreq = (MultipartHttpServletRequest)req;
MultipartFile file = mreq.getFile(
"file"
);
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
SimpleDateFormat sdf =
new
SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyyMMddHHmmss"
);
FileOutputStream fos =
new
FileOutputStream(req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(
"/"
)+
"upload/"
+sdf.format(
new
Date())+fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(
'.'
)));
fos.write(file.getBytes());
fos.flush();
fos.close();
return
"hello"
;
}
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4.前台form表单
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<
form
action
=
"mvc/upload"
method
=
"post"
enctype
=
"multipart/form-<span id="
22_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"22_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=data&k0=data&kdi0=0&luki=1&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"22"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>data</
span
></
a
></
span
>">
<
input
type
=
"file"
name
=
"file"
><
br
>
<
input
type
=
"submit"
value
=
"submit"
>
</
form
>
|
十一、使用@RequestParam注解指定参数的name
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@Controller
@RequestMapping
(
"/test"
)
public
class
<span id=
"21_nwp"
style=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><a id=
"21_nwl"
href=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=mvc&k0=mvc&kdi0=0&luki=10&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target=
"_blank"
mpid=
"21"
style=
"text-decoration: none;"
><span style=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>mvc</span></a></span>Controller1 {
@RequestMapping
(value=
"/param"
)
public
String testRequestParam(
@RequestParam
(value=
"id"
) Integer id,
@RequestParam
(value=
"name"
)String name){
System.out.println(id+
" "
+name);
return
"/hello"
;
}
}
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十二、RESTFul风格的SringMVC
1.RestController
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@Controller
@RequestMapping
(
"/rest"
)
public
class
RestController {
@RequestMapping
(value=
"/user/{id}"
,method=RequestMethod.GET)
public
String get(
@PathVariable
(
"id"
) Integer id){
System.out.println(
"get"
+id);
return
"/hello"
;
}
@RequestMapping
(value=
"/user/{id}"
,method=RequestMethod.POST)
public
String post(
@PathVariable
(
"id"
) Integer id){
System.out.println(
"post"
+id);
return
"/hello"
;
}
@RequestMapping
(value=
"/user/{id}"
,method=RequestMethod.PUT)
public
String put(
@PathVariable
(
"id"
) Integer id){
System.out.println(
"put"
+id);
return
"/hello"
;
}
@RequestMapping
(value=
"/user/{id}"
,method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
public
String delete(
@PathVariable
(
"id"
) Integer id){
System.out.println(
"delete"
+id);
return
"/hello"
;
}
}
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2.form表单发送put和delete请求
在web.xml中配置
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<!-- configure the HiddenHttpMethodFilter,convert the post method to put or delete -->
<
filter
>
<
filter-name
>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</
filter-name
>
<
filter-class
>org.<
span
id
=
"19_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"19_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"19"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>spring</
span
></
a
></
span
>framework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</
filter-class
>
</
filter
>
<
filter-mapping
>
<
filter-name
>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</
filter-name
>
<
url-pattern
>/*</
url-pattern
>
</
filter-mapping
>
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在前台可以用以下代码产生请求
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<
form
action
=
"rest/user/1"
method
=
"post"
>
<
input
type
=
"hidden"
name
=
"_method"
value
=
"PUT"
>
<
input
type
=
"submit"
value
=
"put"
>
</
form
>
<
form
action
=
"rest/user/1"
method
=
"post"
>
<
input
type
=
"submit"
value
=
"post"
>
</
form
>
<
form
action
=
"rest/user/1"
method
=
"get"
>
<
input
type
=
"submit"
value
=
"get"
>
</
form
>
<
form
action
=
"rest/user/1"
method
=
"post"
>
<
input
type
=
"hidden"
name
=
"_method"
value
=
"DELETE"
>
<
input
type
=
"submit"
value
=
"delete"
>
</
form
>
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