十三、返回json格式的字符串
1.导入以下jar包
2.方法代码
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@Controller
@RequestMapping
(
"/json"
)
public
class
jsonController {
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping
(
"/user"
)
public
User get(){
User u =
new
User();
u.setId(
1
);
u.setName(
"jayjay"
);
u.setBirth(
new
Date());
return
u;
}
}
|
十四、异常的处理
1.处理局部异常（Controller内）
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@ExceptionHandler
public
ModelAndView exceptionHandler(Exception ex){
ModelAndView mv =
new
ModelAndView(
"error"
);
mv.addObject(
"exception"
, ex);
System.out.println(
"in testExceptionHandler"
);
return
mv;
}
@RequestMapping
(
"/error"
)
public
String error(){
int
i =
5
/
0
;
return
"hello"
;
}
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2.处理全局异常（所有Controller）
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@ControllerAdvice
public
class
testControllerAdvice {
@ExceptionHandler
public
ModelAndView exceptionHandler(Exception ex){
ModelAndView mv =
new
ModelAndView(
"error"
);
mv.addObject(
"exception"
, ex);
System.out.println(
"in testControllerAdvice"
);
return
mv;
}
}
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3.另一种处理全局异常的方法
在SpringMVC配置文件中配置
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<!-- configure SimpleMappingExceptionResolver -->
<
bean
class
=
"org.<span id="
16_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"16_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"16"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>spring</
span
></
a
></
span
>framework.web.<
span
id
=
"17_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"17_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=servlet&k0=servlet&kdi0=0&luki=5&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"17"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>servlet</
span
></
a
></
span
>.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<
property
name
=
"exceptionMappings"
>
<
props
>
<
prop
key
=
"java.lang.ArithmeticException"
>error</
prop
>
</
props
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
|
error是出错页面
十五、设置一个自定义拦截器
1.创建一个MyInterceptor类，并实现HandlerInterceptor接口
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public
class
MyInterceptor
implements
HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public
void
afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,
HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)
throws
Exception {
System.out.println(
"afterCompletion"
);
}
@Override
public
void
postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,
Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3)
throws
Exception {
System.out.println(
"postHandle"
);
}
@Override
public
boolean
preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,
Object arg2)
throws
Exception {
System.out.println(
"preHandle"
);
return
true
;
}
}
|
2.在SpringMVC的配置文件中配置
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<!-- interceptor setting -->
<<
span
id
=
"15_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"15_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=mvc&k0=mvc&kdi0=0&luki=10&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"15"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>mvc</
span
></
a
></
span
>:interceptors>
<
mvc:interceptor
>
<
mvc:mapping
path
=
"/mvc/**"
/>
<
bean
class
=
"test.SpringMVC.Interceptor.MyInterceptor"
></
bean
>
</
mvc:interceptor
>
</
mvc:interceptors
>
|
3.拦截器执行顺序
十六、表单的验证（使用Hibernate-validate）及国际化
1.导入Hibernate-validate需要的jar包
(未选中不用导入)
2.编写实体类User并加上验证注解
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public
class
User {
public
int
getId() {
return
id;
}
public
void
setId(
int
id) {
this
.id = id;
}
public
String getName() {
return
name;
}
public
void
setName(String name) {
this
.name = name;
}
public
Date getBirth() {
return
birth;
}
public
void
setBirth(Date birth) {
this
.birth = birth;
}
@Override
public
String toString() {
return
"User [id="
+ id +
", name="
+ name +
", birth="
+ birth +
"]"
;
}
private
int
id;
@NotEmpty
private
String name;
@Past
@DateTimeFormat
(pattern=
"yyyy-MM-dd"
)
private
Date birth;
}
|
ps:@Past表示时间必须是一个过去值
3.在jsp中使用SpringMVC的form表单
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<
form:form
action
=
"form/add"
method
=
"post"
modelAttribute
=
"user"
>
id:<
form:input
path
=
"id"
/><
form:errors
path
=
"id"
/><
br
>
name:<
form:input
path
=
"name"
/><
form:errors
path
=
"name"
/><
br
>
birth:<
form:input
path
=
"birth"
/><
form:errors
path
=
"birth"
/>
<
input
type
=
"submit"
value
=
"submit"
>
</
form:form
>
|
ps:path对应name
4.Controller中代码
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@Controller
@RequestMapping
(
"/form"
)
public
class
formController {
@RequestMapping
(value=
"/add"
,method=RequestMethod.POST)
public
String add(
@Valid
User u,BindingResult br){
if
(br.getErrorCount()>
0
){
return
"addUser"
;
}
return
"showUser"
;
}
@RequestMapping
(value=
"/add"
,method=RequestMethod.GET)
public
String add(Map<String,Object> map){
map.put(
"user"
,
new
User());
return
"addUser"
;
}
}
|
ps:
1.因为jsp中使用了modelAttribute属性，所以必须在request域中有一个"user".
2.@Valid 表示按照在实体上标记的注解验证参数
3.返回到原页面错误信息回回显，表单也会回显
5.错误信息自定义
在src目录下添加locale.properties
NotEmpty.user.name=name can't not be empty Past.user.birth=birth should be a past value DateTimeFormat.user.birth=the format of input is wrong typeMismatch.user.birth=the format of input is wrong typeMismatch.user.id=the format of input is wrong
在SpringMVC配置文件中配置
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<!-- configure the locale resource -->
<
bean
id
=
"messageSource"
class
=
"org.<span id="
12_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"12_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"12"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>spring</
span
></
a
></
span
>framework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
<
property
name
=
"basename"
value
=
"locale"
></
property
>
</
bean
>
|
6.国际化显示
在src下添加locale_zh_CN.properties
username=账号 password=密码
locale.properties中添加
username=user name password=password
创建一个locale.jsp
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<
body
>
<
fmt:message
key
=
"username"
></
fmt:message
>
<
fmt:message
key
=
"password"
></
fmt:message
>
</
body
>
|
在SpringMVC中配置
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<!-- make the jsp page can be visited -->
<<
span
id
=
"11_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"11_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=mvc&k0=mvc&kdi0=0&luki=10&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"11"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>mvc</
span
></
a
></
span
>:view-controller path="/locale" view-name="locale"/>
|
让locale.jsp在WEB-INF下也能直接访问
最后，访问locale.jsp，切换浏览器语言，能看到账号和密码的语言也切换了
十七、压轴大戏--整合SpringIOC和SpringMVC
1.创建一个test.SpringMVC.integrate的包用来演示整合，并创建各类
2.User实体类
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public
class
User {
public
int
getId() {
return
id;
}
public
void
setId(
int
id) {
this
.id = id;
}
public
String getName() {
return
name;
}
public
void
setName(String name) {
this
.name = name;
}
public
Date getBirth() {
return
birth;
}
public
void
setBirth(Date birth) {
this
.birth = birth;
}
@Override
public
String toString() {
return
"User [id="
+ id +
", name="
+ name +
", birth="
+ birth +
"]"
;
}
private
int
id;
@NotEmpty
private
String name;
@Past
@DateTimeFormat
(pattern=
"yyyy-MM-dd"
)
private
Date birth;
}
|
3.UserService类
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@Component
public
class
UserService {
public
UserService(){
System.out.println(
"UserService Constructor...\n\n\n\n\n\n"
);
}
public
void
save(){
System.out.println(
"save"
);
}
}
|
4.UserController
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@Controller
@RequestMapping
(
"/integrate"
)
public
class
UserController {
@Autowired
private
UserService userService;
@RequestMapping
(
"/user"
)
public
String saveUser(
@RequestBody
@ModelAttribute
User u){
System.out.println(u);
userService.save();
return
"hello"
;
}
}
|
5.Spring配置文件
在src目录下创建SpringIOC的配置文件applicationContext.xml
在Web.xml中添加配置
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<!-- configure the springIOC -->
<
listener
>
<
listener-class
>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</
listener-class
>
</
listener
>
<
context-param
>
<
param-name
>contextConfigLocation</
param-name
>
<
param-value
>classpath:applicationContext.<
span
id
=
"3_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"3_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=xml&k0=xml&kdi0=0&luki=3&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"3"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>xml</
span
></
a
></
span
></
param-value
>
</
context-param
>
|
6.在SpringMVC中进行一些配置，防止SpringMVC和SpringIOC对同一个对象的管理重合
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<!-- scan the package and the sub package -->
<
context:component-scan
base-package
=
"test.SpringMVC.integrate"
>
<
context:include-filter
type
=
"annotation"
expression
=
"org.<span id="
2_nwp"
style
=
"width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"
><
a
id
=
"2_nwl"
href
=
"http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"
target
=
"_blank"
mpid
=
"2"
style
=
"text-decoration: none;"
><
span
style
=
"color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;"
>spring</
span
></
a
></
span
>framework.stereotype.Controller"/>
<
context:include-filter
type
=
"annotation"
expression
=
"org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"
/>
</
context:component-scan
>
|
十八、SpringMVC详细运行流程图
十九、SpringMVC与struts2的区别
1、springmvc基于方法开发的，struts2基于类开发的。springmvc将url和controller里的方法映射。映射成功后springmvc生成一个Handler对象，对象中只包括了一个method。方法执行结束，形参数据销毁。springmvc的controller开发类似web service开发。
2、springmvc可以进行单例开发，并且建议使用单例开发，struts2通过类的成员变量接收参数，无法使用单例，只能使用多例。
3、经过实际测试，struts2速度慢，在于使用struts标签，如果使用struts建议使用jstl。
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