用Java来获取访问者真实的IP地址

主要说明
在JSP里，获取客户端的IP地址的方法是：request.getRemoteAddr()，这种方法在大部分情况下都是有效的。但是在通过了Apache,Squid等反向代理软件就不能获取到客户端的真实IP地址了。如果使用了反向代理软件，用request.getRemoteAddr()方法获取的IP地址是：127.0.0.1或192.168.1.110，而并不是客户端的真实ＩＰ。

经过代理以后，由于在客户端和服务之间增加了中间层，因此服务器无法直接拿到客户端的 IP，服务器端应用也无法直接通过转发请求的地址返回给客户端。但是在转发请求的HTTP头信息中，增加了X－FORWARDED－FOR信息。用以跟踪原有的客户端IP地址和原来客户端请求的服务器地址。当我们访问index.jsp/时，其实并不是我们浏览器真正访问到了服务器上的index.jsp文件，而是先由代理服务器去访问index.jsp ，代理服务器再将访问到的结果返回给我们的浏览器，因为是代理服务器去访问index.jsp的，所以index.jsp中通过request.getRemoteAddr()的方法获取的IP实际上是代理服务器的地址，并不是客户端的IP地址。

//一般配合使用拦截器实现进行项目的白名单访问功能




/**
     * 获取客户端ip地址(可以穿透代理)
     *对X-Forwarded-For 的多个ip 进行依次判断，取第一个非unknow 的IP地址即可。
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    public static String getRemoteAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
        }
        return ip;
    }
    private static final String[] HEADERS_TO_TRY = { 
        "X-Forwarded-For",
        "Proxy-Client-IP",
        "WL-Proxy-Client-IP",
        "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR",
        "HTTP_X_FORWARDED",
        "HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP",
        "HTTP_CLIENT_IP",
        "HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR",
        "HTTP_FORWARDED",
        "HTTP_VIA",
        "REMOTE_ADDR",
        "X-Real-IP"};
 
    /***
     * 获取客户端ip地址(可以穿透代理)
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    public static String getClientIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) {
        for (String header : HEADERS_TO_TRY) {
            String ip = request.getHeader(header);
            if (ip != null && ip.length() != 0 && !"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
                return ip;
            }
        }
        return request.getRemoteAddr();
    }
    /***
     * 获取客户端ip地址(可以穿透代理)
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    public static String getClientIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {  
        String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");  
        }  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");  
        }  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");  
        }  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED");  
        }  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP");  
        }  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");  
        }  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR");  
        }  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_FORWARDED");  
        }  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_VIA");  
        }  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getHeader("REMOTE_ADDR");  
        }  
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();  
        }  
        return ip;  
    }
    public static String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
        if (null != ip && !"".equals(ip.trim())
                && !"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            return ip;
        }
        ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
        if (null != ip && !"".equals(ip.trim())
                && !"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            // get first ip from proxy ip
            int index = ip.indexOf(',');
            if (index != -1) {
                return ip.substring(0, index);
            } else {
                return ip;
            }
        }
        return request.getRemoteAddr();
    }