1.Apache POI简介
Apache POI是Apache软件基金会的开放源码函式库,POI提供API给Java程式对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。 .NET的开发人员则可以利用NPOI (POI for .NET) 来存取 POI 的功能。
2.POI结构
HSSF - 提供读写Microsoft Excel XLS格式档案的功能。
XSSF - 提供读写Microsoft Excel OOXML XLSX格式档案的功能。
HWPF - 提供读写Microsoft Word DOC格式档案的功能。
HSLF - 提供读写Microsoft PowerPoint格式档案的功能。
HDGF - 提供读Microsoft Visio格式档案的功能。
HPBF - 提供读Microsoft Publisher格式档案的功能。
HSMF - 提供读Microsoft Outlook格式档案的功能。
3.Busy Developers' Guide to HSSF and XSSF Features
官方网站:http://poi.apache.org/spreadsheet/quick-guide.html
参考博客:http://langhua9527.iteye.com/blog/388005
4.参考实例
。现在主流的操作Excel文件的开源工具有很多,用得比较多的就是Apache的POI及JExcelAPI。这里我们用Apache POI!我们先去Apache的大本营下载POI的jar包:http://poi.apache.org/ ,我这里使用的是3.0.2版本。
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package org.leno.export.util;
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import java.util.Date;
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public class Student {
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private long id;
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private String name;
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private int age;
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private boolean sex;
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private Date birthday;
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public Student() {
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super();
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// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
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}
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public Student(long id, String name, int age, boolean sex, Date birthday) {
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super();
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this.id = id;
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this.name = name;
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this.age = age;
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this.sex = sex;
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this.birthday = birthday;
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}
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public long getId() {
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return id;
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}
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public void setId(long id) {
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this.id = id;
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}
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public String getName() {
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return name;
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}
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public void setName(String name) {
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this.name = name;
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}
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public int getAge() {
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return age;
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}
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public void setAge(int age) {
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this.age = age;
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}
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public boolean getSex() {
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return sex;
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}
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public void setSex(boolean sex) {
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this.sex = sex;
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}
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public Date getBirthday() {
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return birthday;
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}
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public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
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this.birthday = birthday;
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}
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}
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package org.leno.export.util;
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public class Book {
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private int bookId;
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private String name;
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private String author;
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private float price;
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private String isbn;
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private String pubName;
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private byte[] preface;
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public Book() {
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super();
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}
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public Book(int bookId, String name, String author, float price,
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String isbn, String pubName, byte[] preface) {
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super();
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this.bookId = bookId;
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this.name = name;
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this.author = author;
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this.price = price;
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this.isbn = isbn;
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this.pubName = pubName;
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this.preface = preface;
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}
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public int getBookId() {
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return bookId;
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}
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public void setBookId(int bookId) {
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this.bookId = bookId;
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}
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public String getName() {
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return name;
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}
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public void setName(String name) {
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this.name = name;
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}
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public String getAuthor() {
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return author;
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}
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public void setAuthor(String author) {
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this.author = author;
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}
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public float getPrice() {
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return price;
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}
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public void setPrice(float price) {
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this.price = price;
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}
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public String getIsbn() {
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return isbn;
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}
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public void setIsbn(String isbn) {
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this.isbn = isbn;
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}
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public String getPubName() {
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return pubName;
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}
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public void setPubName(String pubName) {
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this.pubName = pubName;
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}
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public byte[] getPreface() {
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return preface;
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}
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public void setPreface(byte[] preface) {
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this.preface = preface;
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}
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}
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package org.leno.export.util;
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import java.io.*;
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import java.lang.reflect.*;
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import java.util.*;
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import java.util.regex.Matcher;
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import java.util.regex.Pattern;
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import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
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import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
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import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
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import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
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/**
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* 利用开源组件POI3.0.2动态导出EXCEL文档 转载时请保留以下信息,注明出处!
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*
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* @author leno
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* @version v1.0
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* @param <T>
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* 应用泛型,代表任意一个符合javabean风格的类
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* 注意这里为了简单起见,boolean型的属性xxx的get器方式为getXxx(),而不是isXxx()
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* byte[]表jpg格式的图片数据
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*/
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public class ExportExcel <T> {
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public void exportExcel(Collection <T> dataset, OutputStream out) {
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exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", null, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");
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}
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public void exportExcel(String[] headers, Collection <T> dataset,
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OutputStream out) {
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exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", headers, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");
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}
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public void exportExcel(String[] headers, Collection <T> dataset,
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OutputStream out, String pattern) {
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exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", headers, dataset, out, pattern);
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}
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/**
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* 这是一个通用的方法,利用了JAVA的反射机制,可以将放置在JAVA集合中并且符号一定条件的数据以EXCEL 的形式输出到指定IO设备上
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*
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* @param title
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* 表格标题名
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* @param headers
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* 表格属性列名数组
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* @param dataset
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* 需要显示的数据集合,集合中一定要放置符合javabean风格的类的对象。此方法支持的
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* javabean属性的数据类型有基本数据类型及String,Date,byte[](图片数据)
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* @param out
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* 与输出设备关联的流对象,可以将EXCEL文档导出到本地文件或者网络中
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* @param pattern
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* 如果有时间数据,设定输出格式。默认为"yyy-MM-dd"
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*/
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@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
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public void exportExcel(String title, String[] headers,
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Collection <T> dataset, OutputStream out, String pattern) {
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// 声明一个工作薄
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HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
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// 生成一个表格
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HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
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// 设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节
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sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth((short) 15);
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// 生成一个样式
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HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
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// 设置这些样式
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style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SKY_BLUE.index);
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style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
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style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
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style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
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style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
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style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
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style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
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// 生成一个字体
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HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
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font.setColor(HSSFColor.VIOLET.index);
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font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
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font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
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// 把字体应用到当前的样式
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style.setFont(font);
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// 生成并设置另一个样式
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HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
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style2.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);
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style2.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
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style2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
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style2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
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style2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
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style2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
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style2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
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style2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
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// 生成另一个字体
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HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
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font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
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// 把字体应用到当前的样式
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style2.setFont(font2);
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// 声明一个画图的顶级管理器
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HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
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// 定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档
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HSSFComment comment = patriarch.createComment(new HSSFClientAnchor(0,
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0, 0, 0, (short) 4, 2, (short) 6, 5));
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// 设置注释内容
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comment.setString(new HSSFRichTextString("可以在POI中添加注释!"));
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// 设置注释作者,当鼠标移动到单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容.
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comment.setAuthor("leno");
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// 产生表格标题行
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HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
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for (short i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {
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HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
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cell.setCellStyle(style);
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HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);
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cell.setCellValue(text);
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}
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// 遍历集合数据,产生数据行
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Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();
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int index = 0;
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while (it.hasNext()) {
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index++;
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row = sheet.createRow(index);
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T t = (T) it.next();
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// 利用反射,根据javabean属性的先后顺序,动态调用getXxx()方法得到属性值
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Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
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for (short i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
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HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
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cell.setCellStyle(style2);
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Field field = fields[i];
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String fieldName = field.getName();
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String getMethodName = "get"
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+ fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()
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+ fieldName.substring(1);
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try {
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Class tCls = t.getClass();
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Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName,
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new Class[] {});
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Object value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[] {});
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// 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换
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String textValue = null;
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// if (value instanceof Integer) {
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// int intValue = (Integer) value;
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// cell.setCellValue(intValue);
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// } else if (value instanceof Float) {
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// float fValue = (Float) value;
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// textValue = new HSSFRichTextString(
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// String.valueOf(fValue));
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// cell.setCellValue(textValue);
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// } else if (value instanceof Double) {
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// double dValue = (Double) value;
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// textValue = new HSSFRichTextString(
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// String.valueOf(dValue));
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// cell.setCellValue(textValue);
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// } else if (value instanceof Long) {
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// long longValue = (Long) value;
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// cell.setCellValue(longValue);
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// }
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if (value instanceof Boolean) {
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boolean bValue = (Boolean) value;
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textValue = "男";
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if (!bValue) {
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textValue = "女";
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}
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} else if (value instanceof Date) {
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Date date = (Date) value;
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SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);
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textValue = sdf.format(date);
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} else if (value instanceof byte[]) {
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// 有图片时,设置行高为60px;
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row.setHeightInPoints(60);
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// 设置图片所在列宽度为80px,注意这里单位的一个换算
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sheet.setColumnWidth(i, (short) (35.7 * 80));
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// sheet.autoSizeColumn(i);
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byte[] bsValue = (byte[]) value;
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HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0,
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1023, 255, (short) 6, index, (short) 6, index);
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anchor.setAnchorType(2);
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patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workbook.addPicture(
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bsValue, HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
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} else {
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// 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理
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textValue = value.toString();
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}
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// 如果不是图片数据,就利用正则表达式判断textValue是否全部由数字组成
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if (textValue != null) {
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Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?{1}quot;);
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Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
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if (matcher.matches()) {
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// 是数字当作double处理
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cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
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} else {
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HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(
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textValue);
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HSSFFont font3 = workbook.createFont();
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font3.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
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richString.applyFont(font3);
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cell.setCellValue(richString);
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}
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}
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} catch (SecurityException e) {
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// TODO Auto-generated catch block
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e.printStackTrace();
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} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
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// TODO Auto-generated catch block
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e.printStackTrace();
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} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
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// TODO Auto-generated catch block
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e.printStackTrace();
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} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
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// TODO Auto-generated catch block
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e.printStackTrace();
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} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
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// TODO Auto-generated catch block
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e.printStackTrace();
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} finally {
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// 清理资源
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}
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}
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}
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try {
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workbook.write(out);
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} catch (IOException e) {
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// TODO Auto-generated catch block
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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// 测试学生
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ExportExcel<Student> ex = new ExportExcel <Student>();
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String[] headers = { "学号", "姓名", "年龄", "性别", "出生日期" };
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List <Student> dataset = new ArrayList <Student>();
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dataset.add(new Student(10000001, "张三", 20, true, new Date()));
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dataset.add(new Student(20000002, "李四", 24, false, new Date()));
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dataset.add(new Student(30000003, "王五", 22, true, new Date()));
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// 测试图书
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ExportExcel <Book> ex2 = new ExportExcel <Book>();
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String[] headers2 = { "图书编号", "图书名称", "图书作者", "图书价格", "图书ISBN",
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"图书出版社", "封面图片" };
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List <Book> dataset2 = new ArrayList <Book>();
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try {
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BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(
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new FileInputStream("book.jpg"));
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byte[] buf = new byte[bis.available()];
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while ((bis.read(buf)) != -1) {
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//
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}
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dataset2.add(new Book(1, "jsp", "leno", 300.33f, "1234567",
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"清华出版社", buf));
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dataset2.add(new Book(2, "java编程思想", "brucl", 300.33f, "1234567",
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"阳光出版社", buf));
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dataset2.add(new Book(3, "DOM艺术", "lenotang", 300.33f, "1234567",
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"清华出版社", buf));
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dataset2.add(new Book(4, "c++经典", "leno", 400.33f, "1234567",
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"清华出版社", buf));
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dataset2.add(new Book(5, "c#入门", "leno", 300.33f, "1234567",
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"汤春秀出版社", buf));
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OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("E://a.xls");
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OutputStream out2 = new FileOutputStream("E://b.xls");
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ex.exportExcel(headers, dataset, out);
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ex2.exportExcel(headers2, dataset2, out2);
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out.close();
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JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "导出成功!");
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System.out.println("excel导出成功!");
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} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
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// TODO Auto-generated catch block
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e.printStackTrace();
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} catch (IOException e) {
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// TODO Auto-generated catch block
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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}