ibatis 是什么
iBATIS是以SQL为中心的持久化层框架。能支持懒加载、关联查询、继承等特性。
iBATIS不同于一般的OR映射框架。OR映射框架,将数据库表、字段等映射到类、属性,那是一种元数据(meta-data)映射。iBATIS则是将SQL查询的参数和结果集映射到类。所以,iBATIS做的是SQL Mapping的工作。
它把SQL语句看成输入以及输出,结果集就是输出,而where后面的条件参数则是输入。iBATIS能将输入的普通POJO对象、Map、XML等映射到SQL的条件参数上,同时也可以将查询结果映射到普通POJO对象(集合)、Map、XML等上面。iBATIS使用xml文件来映射这些输入以及输出。
环境搭建
架构分析
DAO层上面,DAO类通过SqlMapConfig文件,来构建iBatis提供的SqlMapClient,SqlMapConfig文件的作用就是:将操作行为以iBatis约定的方式配置到文件中;由iBatis提供的解析类SqlMapClientBuilder来进行解析并构建出SqlMapClient对象,,如下所示:
Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("SqlMapConfig.xml")
sqlMapClient = SqlMapClientBuilder.buildSqlMapClient(reader)
reader.close()
应用层通过SqlMapClient对象来执行之前通过配置文件定义的操作;所以iBatis沿用的是Java第三方框架 一贯沿用的”面向配置”的思路。
iBatis处理提供了一个对象用来执行操作,使得操作更加集中,提高了工作效率之外,还做了一件更重要的事情,就是实现了和DTO互操作,也是就是O/R Mapping。这里的提到了”互操作”是指:iBatis接收DTO的形式作为参数容器,底层采用反射的方式根据命名进行参数映射;另一方面iBatis可以将(查询)结果自动映射到指定的DTO中。
学习案例
项目工程目录图
创建表
mysql创建表格语句如下:
CREATE TABLE `tbl_student` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` char(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
`birth` date DEFAULT NULL,
`score` float DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=16 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
这里表格的编码应该为utf-8,否则后面插入中文字符会出现乱码,后面会解决这个问题。
首先配置maven的pom文件,导入依赖:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.alibaba.ibatisTest</groupId>
<artifactId>ibatisTest</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.ibatis</groupId>
<artifactId>ibatis-sqlmap</artifactId>
<version>2.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.35</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
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创建dataobject
package com.alibaba.ibatis.dataobject;
import java.sql.Date;
/**
* @Title: Student.java
* @Prject: ibatisTest
* @Package: com.alibaba.ibatis.dataobject
* @Description: TODO
* @author: andy.zy
* @date: 2015年7月3日 上午11:23:18
* @version: V1.0
*/
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private Date birth;
private float score;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Date getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(Date birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}
public float getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(float score) {
this.score = score;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "id=" + id + "\tname=" + name + "\tmajor=" + birth + "\tscore="
+ score + "\n";
}
}
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创建dao接口:
package com.alibaba.ibatis.dao;
import java.util.List;
import com.alibaba.ibatis.dataobject.Student;
/**
* @Title: StudentDao.java
* @Prject: ibatisTest
* @Package: com.alibaba.ibatis.dao
* @Description: TODO
* @author: andy.zy
* @date: 2015年7月3日 上午11:24:21
* @version: V1.0
*/
public interface StudentDao {
/**
* 添加学生信息
*
* @param student
* 学生实体
* @return 返回是否添加成功
*/
public boolean addStudent(Student student);
/**
* 根据学生id删除学生信息
*
* @param id
* 学生id
* @return 删除是否成功
*/
public boolean deleteStudentById(int id);
/**
* 更新学生信息
*
* @param student
* 学生实体
* @return 更新是否成功
*/
public boolean updateStudent(Student student);
/**
* 查询全部学生信息
*
* @return 返回学生列表
*/
public List<Student> selectAllStudent();
/**
* 根据学生姓名模糊查询学生信息
*
* @param name
* 学生姓名
* @return 学生信息列表
*/
public List<Student> selectStudentByName(String name);
/**
* 根据学生id查询学生信息
*
* @param id
* 学生id
* @return 学生对象
*/
public Student selectStudentById(int id);
}
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创建daoimpl
package com.alibaba.ibatis.daoimpl;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import com.alibaba.ibatis.dao.StudentDao;
import com.alibaba.ibatis.dataobject.Student;
import com.ibatis.common.resources.Resources;
import com.ibatis.sqlmap.client.SqlMapClient;
import com.ibatis.sqlmap.client.SqlMapClientBuilder;
/**
* @Title: StudentDaoImpl.java
* @Prject: ibatisTest
* @Package: com.alibaba.ibatis.daoimpl
* @Description: TODO
* @author: andy.zy
* @date: 2015年7月3日 上午10:07:51
* @version: V1.0
*/
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {
private static SqlMapClient sqlMapClient = null;
static {
try {
Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("SqlMapConfig.xml");
sqlMapClient = SqlMapClientBuilder.buildSqlMapClient(reader);
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public boolean addStudent(Student student) {
Object object = null;
boolean flag = false;
try {
object = sqlMapClient.insert("addStudent", student);
System.out.println("添加学生信息的返回值:" + object);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (object != null) {
flag = true;
}
return flag;
}
public boolean deleteStudentById(int id) {
boolean flag = false;
Object object = null;
try {
object = sqlMapClient.delete("deleteStudentById", id);
System.out.println("删除学生信息的返回值:" + object + ",这里返回的是影响的行数");
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (object != null) {
flag = true;
}
return flag;
}
public boolean updateStudent(Student student) {
boolean flag = false;
Object object = false;
try {
object = sqlMapClient.update("updateStudent", student);
System.out.println("更新学生信息的返回值:" + object + ",返回影响的行数");
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (object != null) {
flag = true;
}
return flag;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<Student> selectAllStudent() {
List<Student> students = null;
try {
students = sqlMapClient.queryForList("selectAllStudent");
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return students;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<Student> selectStudentByName(String name) {
List<Student> students = null;
try {
students = sqlMapClient.queryForList("selectStudentByName", name);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return students;
}
public Student selectStudentById(int id) {
Student student = null;
try {
student = (Student) sqlMapClient.queryForObject("selectStudentById", id);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return student;
}
}
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创建关联的DAO xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE sqlMap PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map 2.0//EN"
"http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-2.dtd">
<sqlMap>
<typeAlias alias="Student" type="com.alibaba.ibatis.dataobject.Student" />
<select id="selectAllStudent" resultClass="Student">
select * from tbl_student
</select>
<select id="selectStudentById" parameterClass="int" resultClass="Student">
select * from tbl_student where id=#id#
</select>
<select id="selectStudentByName" parameterClass="String" resultClass="Student">
select name,birth,score from tbl_student where name like '%$name$%'
</select>
<insert id="addStudent" parameterClass="Student">
insert into tbl_student(name,birth,score) values
(#name#,#birth#,#score#);
<selectKey resultClass="int" keyProperty="id">
select @@identity as inserted
</selectKey>
</insert>
<delete id="deleteStudentById" parameterClass="int">
delete from tbl_student where id=#id#
</delete>
<update id="updateStudent" parameterClass="Student">
update tbl_student set
name=#name#,birth=#birth#,score=#score# where id=#id#
</update>
</sqlMap>
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创建关联的Properties文件
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
username=root
password=
创建配置sqlMapConfig
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE sqlMapConfig PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map Config 2.0//EN"
"http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd">
<sqlMapConfig>
<properties resource="sql/sqlmap/SqlMap.properties" />
<transactionManager type="JDBC">
<dataSource type="SIMPLE">
<property name="JDBC.Driver" value="${driver}" />
<property name="JDBC.ConnectionURL" value="${url}" />
<property name="JDBC.Username" value="${username}" />
<property name="JDBC.Password" value="${password}" />
</dataSource>
</transactionManager>
<sqlMap resource="sql/sqlmap/Student.xml" />
</sqlMapConfig>
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以上就配置好了,写测试用例,来测试增删改查的操作:
package com.alibaba.ibatisTest
import java.sql.Date
import java.util.List
import com.alibaba.ibatis.daoimpl.StudentDaoImpl
import com.alibaba.ibatis.dataobject.Student
public class TestStudent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
StudentDaoImpl studentDaoImpl = new StudentDaoImpl()
System.out.println("测试插入")
Student addStudent = new Student()
addStudent.setName("zhangsan")
addStudent.setBirth(Date.valueOf("2011-09-02"))
addStudent.setScore(88)
System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.addStudent(addStudent))
System.out.println("测试根据id查询")
System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.selectStudentById(6))
System.out.println("测试模糊查询")
List<Student> mohuLists = studentDaoImpl.selectStudentByName("zhang")
for (Student student : mohuLists) {
System.out.println(student)
}
System.out.println("测试查询所有")
List<Student> students = studentDaoImpl.selectAllStudent()
for (Student student : students) {
System.out.println(student)
}
System.out.println("根据id删除学生信息")
System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.deleteStudentById(1))
System.out.println("测试更新学生信息")
Student updateStudent = new Student()
updateStudent.setId(6)
updateStudent.setName("lisi")
updateStudent.setBirth(Date.valueOf("2011-08-07"))
updateStudent.setScore(21)
System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.updateStudent(updateStudent))
}
}
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运行结果如下:
测试插入
添加学生信息的返回值:15
true
测试根据id查询
id=6 name=lisi major=2011-08-07 score=21.0
测试模糊查询
id=0 name=zhangsan major=2011-08-07 score=21.0
id=0 name=zhangsan major=2011-09-02 score=88.0
测试查询所有
id=6 name=lisi major=2011-08-07 score=21.0
id=8 name=zhangsan major=2011-08-07 score=21.0
id=9 name=lisi major=2011-09-02 score=88.0
id=10 name=lisi major=2011-09-02 score=88.0
id=11 name=lisi major=2011-09-02 score=88.0
id=12 name=lisi major=2011-09-02 score=88.0
id=13 name=lisi major=2011-09-02 score=88.0
id=14 name=lisi major=2011-09-02 score=88.0
id=15 name=zhangsan major=2011-09-02 score=88.0
根据id删除学生信息
删除学生信息的返回值:0,这里返回的是影响的行数
true
测试更新学生信息
更新学生信息的返回值:1,返回影响的行数
true
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总结和参考资源