JDK1.8 LinkedList源码分析

LinkedList简介
LinkedList 是一个继承于AbstractSequentialList的双向链表。它也可以被当作堆栈、队列或双端队列进行操作
LinkedList 实现 List 接口,能对它进行队列操作
LinkedList 实现 Deque 接口,即能将LinkedList当作双端队列使用
LinkedList 实现了Cloneable接口,即覆盖了函数clone(),能克隆
LinkedList 实现java.io.Serializable接口,这意味着LinkedList支持序列化,能通过序列化去传输
LinkedList 是非同步的

LinkedList属性
public class LinkedList
extends AbstractSequentialList
implements List, Deque, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable{
//当前有多少个节点
transient int size = 0;
//第一个节点
transient Node first;
//最后一个节点
transient Node last;
}
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LinkedList构造方法
/**
* Constructs an empty list.
*/
public LinkedList() {
}

/**
 * Constructs a list containing the elements of the specified
 * collection, in the order they are returned by the collection's
 * iterator.
 *
 * @param  c the collection whose elements are to be placed into this list
 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
 */
public LinkedList(Collection<? extends E> c) {
    this();
    addAll(c);
}
/**
 * Appends all of the elements in the specified collection to the end of
 * this list, in the order that they are returned by the specified
 * collection's iterator.  The behavior of this operation is undefined if
 * the specified collection is modified while the operation is in
 * progress.  (Note that this will occur if the specified collection is
 * this list, and it's nonempty.)
 *
 * @param c collection containing elements to be added to this list
 * @return {@code true} if this list changed as a result of the call
 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
 */
public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
    return addAll(size, c);
}

/**
 * Inserts all of the elements in the specified collection into this
 * list, starting at the specified position.  Shifts the element
 * currently at that position (if any) and any subsequent elements to
 * the right (increases their indices).  The new elements will appear
 * in the list in the order that they are returned by the
 * specified collection's iterator.
 *
 * @param index index at which to insert the first element
 *              from the specified collection
 * @param c collection containing elements to be added to this list
 * @return {@code true} if this list changed as a result of the call
 * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
 */
public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
    checkPositionIndex(index);

    Object[] a = c.toArray();
    int numNew = a.length;
    if (numNew == 0)
        return false;

    Node<E> pred, succ;
    if (index == size) {
        succ = null;
        pred = last;
    } else {
        succ = node(index);
        pred = succ.prev;
    }

    for (Object o : a) {
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E) o;
        Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(pred, e, null);
        if (pred == null)
            first = newNode;
        else
            pred.next = newNode;
        pred = newNode;
    }

    if (succ == null) {
        last = pred;
    } else {
        pred.next = succ;
        succ.prev = pred;
    }

    size += numNew;
    modCount++;
    return true;
}

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默认构造方法是空的,什么都没做,表示初始化的时候size为0,first和last的节点都为空:
另一个构造方法是带Collection值得对象作为入参的构造函数的,下面是执行逻辑:

使用this()调用默认的无参构造函数。
调用addAll()方法,传入当前的节点个数size,此时size为0,并将collection对象传递进去
检查index有没有数组越界的嫌疑
将collection转换成数组对象a
循环遍历a数组,然后将a数组里面的元素创建成拥有前后连接的节点,然后一个个按照顺序连起来。
修改当前的节点个数size的值
操作次数modCount自增1.
add方法
add(E e)方法
/**
* Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
*
*

This method is equivalent to {@link #addLast}.
*
* @param e element to be appended to this list
* @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Collection#add})
/
public boolean add(E e) {
linkLast(e);
return true;
}
/
*
* Links e as last element.
*/
void linkLast(E e) {
final Node l = last;
final Node newNode = new Node<>(l, e, null);
last = newNode;
if (l == null)
first = newNode;
else
l.next = newNode;
size++;
modCount++;
}
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该方法直接将新增的元素放置链表的最后面,然后链表的长度(size)加1,修改的次数(modCount)加1

add(int index, E element)方法
/**
* Inserts the specified element at the specified position in this list.
* Shifts the element currently at that position (if any) and any
* subsequent elements to the right (adds one to their indices).
*
* @param index index at which the specified element is to be inserted
* @param element element to be inserted
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
*/
public void add(int index, E element) {
checkPositionIndex(index);

    if (index == size)
        linkLast(element);
    else
        linkBefore(element, node(index));
}
/**
 * Inserts element e before non-null Node succ.
 */
void linkBefore(E e, Node<E> succ) {
    // assert succ != null;
    final Node<E> pred = succ.prev;
    final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(pred, e, succ);
    succ.prev = newNode;
    if (pred == null)
        first = newNode;
    else
        pred.next = newNode;
    size++;
    modCount++;
}

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指定位置往数组链表中添加元素

检查添加的位置index 有没有小于等于当前的长度链表size,并且要求大于0

如果是index是等于size,那么直接往链表的最后面添加元素,相当于调用add(E e)方法

如果index不等于size,则先是索引到处于index位置的元素,然后在index的位置前面添加新增的元素。

get方法
get方法
/**
* Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
*
* @param index index of the element to return
* @return the element at the specified position in this list
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
*/
public E get(int index) {
checkElementIndex(index);
return node(index).item;
}

/**
 * Returns the (non-null) Node at the specified element index.
 */
Node<E> node(int index) {
    // assert isElementIndex(index);

    if (index < (size >> 1)) {
        Node<E> x = first;
        for (int i = 0; i < index; i++)
            x = x.next;
        return x;
    } else {
        Node<E> x = last;
        for (int i = size - 1; i > index; i--)
            x = x.prev;
        return x;
    }
}

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首先是判断索引位置有没有越界,确定完成之后开始遍历链表的元素,那么从头开始遍历还是从结尾开始遍历呢,这里其实是要索引的位置与当前链表长度的一半去做对比,如果索引位置小于当前链表长度的一半,否则从结尾开始遍历

getfirst方法
/**
* Returns the first element in this list.
*
* @return the first element in this list
* @throws NoSuchElementException if this list is empty
*/
public E getFirst() {
final Node f = first;
if (f == null)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
return f.item;
}

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直接将第一个元素返回

getlast方法
/**
* Returns the last element in this list.
*
* @return the last element in this list
* @throws NoSuchElementException if this list is empty
*/
public E getLast() {
final Node l = last;
if (l == null)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
return l.item;
}
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直接将最后一个元素返回

remove方法
remove()方法
/**
* Retrieves and removes the head (first element) of this list.
*
* @return the head of this list
* @throws NoSuchElementException if this list is empty
* @since 1.5
*/
public E remove() {
return removeFirst();
}
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remove方法本质调用的还是removeFirst方法(递归)

removeFirst()方法
/**
* Removes and returns the first element from this list.
*
* @return the first element from this list
* @throws NoSuchElementException if this list is empty
*/
public E removeFirst() {
final Node f = first;
if (f == null)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
return unlinkFirst(f);
}

/**
 * Unlinks non-null first node f.
 */
private E unlinkFirst(Node<E> f) {
    // assert f == first && f != null;
    final E element = f.item;
    final Node<E> next = f.next;
    f.item = null;
    f.next = null; // help GC
    first = next;
    if (next == null)
        last = null;
    else
        next.prev = null;
    size--;
    modCount++;
    return element;
}

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移除第一个节点,将第一个节点置空,让下一个节点变成第一个节点,链表长度减1,修改次数加1,返回移除的第一个节点。

removeLast()方法
/**

  • Removes and returns the last element from this list.
  • @return the last element from this list
  • @throws NoSuchElementException if this list is empty
    */
    public E removeLast() {
    final Node l = last;
    if (l == null)
    throw new NoSuchElementException();
    return unlinkLast(l);
    }

/**

  • Unlinks non-null last node l.
    */
    private E unlinkLast(Node l) {
    // assert l == last && l != null;
    final E element = l.item;
    final Node prev = l.prev;
    l.item = null;
    l.prev = null; // help GC
    last = prev;
    if (prev == null)
    first = null;
    else
    prev.next = null;
    size–;
    modCount++;
    return element;
    }
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    移除最后一个节点,将最后一个节点置空,最后一个节点的上一个节点变成last节点,链表长度减1,修改次数加1,返回移除的最后一个节点。

remove(int index)方法
/**
* Removes the element at the specified position in this list. Shifts any
* subsequent elements to the left (subtracts one from their indices).
* Returns the element that was removed from the list.
*
* @param index the index of the element to be removed
* @return the element previously at the specified position
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
*/
public E remove(int index) {
checkElementIndex(index);
return unlink(node(index));
}

/**
 * Unlinks non-null node x.
 */
E unlink(Node<E> x) {
    // assert x != null;
    final E element = x.item;
    final Node<E> next = x.next;
    final Node<E> prev = x.prev;

    if (prev == null) {
        first = next;
    } else {
        prev.next = next;
        x.prev = null;
    }

    if (next == null) {
        last = prev;
    } else {
        next.prev = prev;
        x.next = null;
    }

    x.item = null;
    size--;
    modCount++;
    return element;
}

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先是检查移除的位置是否在链表长度的范围内,如果不在则抛出异常,根据索引index获取需要移除的节点,将移除的节点置空,让其上一个节点和下一个节点对接起来

set方法
/**
* Replaces the element at the specified position in this list with the
* specified element.
*
* @param index index of the element to replace
* @param element element to be stored at the specified position
* @return the element previously at the specified position
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
*/
public E set(int index, E element) {
checkElementIndex(index);
Node x = node(index);
E oldVal = x.item;
x.item = element;
return oldVal;
}
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检查设置元素位然后置是否越界,如果没有,则索引到index位置的节点,将index位置的节点内容替换成新的内容element,同时返回旧值

clear方法
/**
* Removes all of the elements from this list.
* The list will be empty after this call returns.
*/
public void clear() {
// Clearing all of the links between nodes is “unnecessary”, but:
// - helps a generational GC if the discarded nodes inhabit
// more than one generation
// - is sure to free memory even if there is a reachable Iterator
for (Node x = first; x != null; ) {
Node next = x.next;
x.item = null;
x.next = null;
x.prev = null;
x = next;
}
first = last = null;
size = 0;
modCount++;
}
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将所有链表元素置空,然后将链表长度修改成0,修改次数加1

push和pop方法
/**
* Pushes an element onto the stack represented by this list. In other
* words, inserts the element at the front of this list.
*
*

This method is equivalent to {@link #addFirst}.
*
* @param e the element to push
* @since 1.6
*/
public void push(E e) {
addFirst(e);
}

/**
 * Pops an element from the stack represented by this list.  In other
 * words, removes and returns the first element of this list.
 *
 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst()}.
 *
 * @return the element at the front of this list (which is the top
 *         of the stack represented by this list)
 * @throws NoSuchElementException if this list is empty
 * @since 1.6
 */
public E pop() {
    return removeFirst();
}

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push其实就是调用addFirst(e)方法,pop调用的就是removeFirst()方法

toArray方法

/**
 * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list
 * in proper sequence (from first to last element).
 *
 * <p>The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are
 * maintained by this list.  (In other words, this method must allocate
 * a new array).  The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
 *
 * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based
 * APIs.
 *
 * @return an array containing all of the elements in this list
 *         in proper sequence
 */
public Object[] toArray() {
    Object[] result = new Object[size];
    int i = 0;
    for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next)
        result[i++] = x.item;
    return result;
}

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创建一个Object的数组对象,然后将所有的节点都添加到Object对象中,返回Object数组对象。

listIterator方法
/**

  • Returns a list-iterator of the elements in this list (in proper
  • sequence), starting at the specified position in the list.
  • Obeys the general contract of {@code List.listIterator(int)}.

  • The list-iterator is fail-fast: if the list is structurally
  • modified at any time after the Iterator is created, in any way except
  • through the list-iterator’s own {@code remove} or {@code add}
  • methods, the list-iterator will throw a
  • {@code ConcurrentModificationException}. Thus, in the face of
  • concurrent modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather
  • than risking arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined
  • time in the future.
  • @param index index of the first element to be returned from the
  •          list-iterator (by a call to {@code next})
    
  • @return a ListIterator of the elements in this list (in proper
  •     sequence), starting at the specified position in the list
    
  • @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
  • @see List#listIterator(int)
    */
    public ListIterator listIterator(int index) {
    checkPositionIndex(index);
    return new ListItr(index);
    }
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    这个方法返回的是一个内部类ListIterator,用户可以使用这个内部类变量当前的链表元素,但是由于LinkedList也是非线程安全的类,多线程下面使用,也可能会产生多线程修改的异常。

作者:VicterTian
来源:CSDN
原文:https://blog.csdn.net/TTTZZZTTTZZZ/article/details/84928212
版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,转载请附上博文链接!

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