重学java----面向对象vs面向过程

通过一个零钱通项目，体会面向过程和面向对象编程的区别

来源于 跟着韩老师学java，https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1fh411y7R8

使用面向过程实现

package com.zut.smallchange;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.SimpleTimeZone;

/**
 * @author wzl
 * @create 2021--09-07 15:26
 */
public class smallchange {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        boolean loop = true;
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String key = "";

        //2.完成零钱通明细  使用字符串拼接
        String details = "-----------------------零钱通明细------------------------";
        //3. 收益入账  根据业务功能增加新的变量
        double money = 0;
        double balance = 0;
        Date date = null;
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm");
        //4. 消费
        String note = "";
        do {
            System.out.println("\n================零钱通菜单================");
            System.out.println("================1 零钱通明细================");
            System.out.println("================2 收益入账================");
            System.out.println("================3 消费================");
            System.out.println("================4 退  出================");
            System.out.print("请选择（1-4）:");
            key = scanner.next();

            switch (key) {
                case "1":
                    System.out.println(details);
                    break;
                case "2":
                    System.out.print("收益入账金额：");
                    money = scanner.nextDouble();
                    //判断该金额是否符合
                    //编程思想：从不正确的思考
                    //找出不正确金额条件，给出提示即可，就直接break
                    if(money<=0){
                        System.out.println("收益入账金额需要>=0");
                        break;
                    }

                    balance += money;
                    date = new Date();
                    details += "\n收益入账\t+" + money + "\t" + sdf.format(date) + "\t" + "余额:" + balance;
                    break;
                case "3": {
                    System.out.print("消费金额：");
                    money = scanner.nextDouble();
                    //需要校验金额
                    //找出不正确的
                    if (money<=0||money>=balance){
                        System.out.println("消费金额应该在0-"+balance);
                        break;
                    }
                    balance -=money;
                    System.out.print("消费说明");
                    note= scanner.next();
                     date =new Date();
                    //拼接字符串
                    details += "\n"+note+"\t-" +money +"\t"+ sdf.format(date) + "\t" + "余额:" + balance;
                    break;
                }
                case "4": {
                    //1.定义一个变量，接受用户输入
                    //2.使用while + break 处理接收到的输入是Y或N
                    String choice ="";
                    //一段代码实现一个功能
                    //要求用户必须输入y/n
                    while (true) {
                        System.out.println("你确定要退出吗?y/n");
                        choice =scanner.next();
                        if("y".equals(choice)||"n".equals(choice)){
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if(choice.equals("y")){
                        loop =false;
                    }
                    break;
                }
                default:
                    System.out.println("输入有误");
                    break;
            }
        } while (loop);
        System.out.println("退出了零钱通项目");
    }
}

使用面向对象实现

1. 创建smallchangeoop类，实现零钱通的各个功能

package com.zut.smallchangeOOP;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * 完成零钱通功能类
 * 使用oop实现
 * 将各个功能对应一个方法
 * @author wzl
 * @create 2021--09-07 16:49
 */
public class smallchangeoop {
    //属性
    boolean loop = true;
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    String key = "";

    //2.完成零钱通明细  使用字符串拼接
    String details = "-----------------------零钱通明细------------------------";
    //3. 收益入账  根据业务功能增加新的变量
    double money = 0;
    double balance = 0;
    Date date = null;
    SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm");
    //4. 消费
    String note = "";
   //先完成显示菜单
    public void mainMenu(){
        do {
            System.out.println("\n================零钱通菜单(oop)================");
            System.out.println("================1 零钱通明细================");
            System.out.println("================2 收益入账================");
            System.out.println("================3 消费================");
            System.out.println("================4 退  出================");
            System.out.print("请选择（1-4）:");
            key = scanner.next();

            switch (key) {
                case "1":
                    this.details();
                    break;
                case "2":
                    this.income();
                    break;
                case "3": {
                    this.pay();
                     break;
                }
                case "4": {
                   this.exit();
                    break;
                }
                default:
                    System.out.println("输入有误");
                    break;
            }
        } while (loop);
        System.out.println("退出了零钱通项目");
    }
    //完成零钱通明细
    public  void  details(){
        System.out.println(details);
    }
    //收益入账
    public void income(){
        System.out.print("收益入账金额：");
        money = scanner.nextDouble();
        //判断该金额是否符合
        //编程思想：从不正确的思考
        //找出不正确金额条件，给出提示即可，就直接break
        if(money<=0){
            System.out.println("收益入账金额需要>=0");
            return;
        }

        balance += money;
        date = new Date();
        details += "\n收益入账\t+" + money + "\t" + sdf.format(date) + "\t" + "余额:" + balance;
        return;
    }
    //消费
    public void pay(){
        System.out.print("消费金额：");
        money = scanner.nextDouble();
        //需要校验金额
        //找出不正确的
        if (money<=0||money>=balance){
            System.out.println("消费金额应该在0-"+balance);
            return;
        }
        balance -=money;
        System.out.print("消费说明");
        note= scanner.next();
        date =new Date();
        //拼接字符串
        details += "\n"+note+"\t-" +money +"\t"+ sdf.format(date) + "\t" + "余额:" + balance;
        return;
    }
    //退出
    public  void exit(){
        //1.定义一个变量，接受用户输入
        //2.使用while + break 处理接收到的输入是Y或N
        String choice ="";
        //一段代码实现一个功能
        //要求用户必须输入y/n
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("你确定要退出吗?y/n");
            choice =scanner.next();
            if("y".equals(choice)||"n".equals(choice)){
                break;
            }
        }
        if(choice.equals("y")){
            loop =false;
        }
        return;
    }
}

2.编写测试类smallchangeApp

package com.zut.smallchangeOOP;


/**
 * @author wzl
 * @create 2021--09-07 17:00
 */
public class smallchangeApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new smallchangeoop().mainMenu();
    }
}

总结

面向对象编程更能提高代码的可用性，更有利于项目的扩展。