django11 ajax与分页

ajax - 简单数据响应

前台

$('.btn').click(function() {
    $.ajax({
        url: '/ajaxload/',
        type: 'get|post',
        data: {
            usr: 'abc',
            pwd: '123',
        },
        success: function(data) {
            // data为string类型数据
        },
        error: function(e) {
            // 请求失败分支
        }
    })
})

后台

def ajax_load(request):
    if request.is_ajax():
    	if request.method == 'GET':
			usr = request.GET.get('usr', None)
			pwd = request.GET.get('pwd', None)
		if request.method == 'POST':
			usr = request.POST.get('usr', None)
			pwd = request.POST.get('pwd', None)
    return HttpResponse('OK')

ajax - json数据响应

前台

$.ajax({
    ...,
    dataType: 'json',  // 如果用HttpResponse返回数据可能出现请求失败
    data: {
    	usr: 'abc',
    	pwd: '123',
	},
    success: function(data) {
    	// data为object类型
	}
})

后台

# HttpResponse返回json类型数据 (不建议)
import json
json_data = json.dumps({'msg': 'OK'}, ensure_ascii=False)
return HttpResponse(json_data, content_type='application/json')

from django.http import JsonResponse
# JsonResponse返回json类型数据 (建议)
data = {'msg': 'OK'}
return JsonResponse(data, safe=False, json_dumps_params={'ensure_ascii': False})

ajax - json数据请求（了解）

前台

$.ajax({
    ...,
    // 按json格式提交json字符串数据
    contentType: 'application/json',
    // 将json数据格式化为字符串
    data: JSON.stringify({usr: 'abc', pwd: '123'}),
    success: function(data) {
    	
	}
})

后台

# 后台的数据，在request对象的body中不再被主动解析到GET|POST中
import json
# 手动解析json字符串，转化字典并替代request.POST对象，就可以继续用request.POST获取数据
json_dic = json.loads(request.body)
request.POST = json_dic
...

# 可以封装成装饰器

Django分页模块

from django.core.paginator import Paginator

# 分页对象列表
book_list = Book.objects.all()
# 分页对象
paginator = Paginator(book_list, 6)  # 分页对象列表，每一页对象(最大)数
# 对象总个数
count = paginator.count
# 总分页树
num_pages = paginator.num_pages
# 页码列表(可迭代对象)
page_range = paginator.page_range

# 某一具体页
page = paginator.page(3)  # 具体第几页
# 是否有上一页
page.has_previous()
# 上一页编码
page.previous_page_number()
# 是否有下一页
page.has_next()
# 下一页编码
page.next_page_number()

批量插入数据

book_list = []
for i in range(100):
    book = Book(name='book%s' % i, price=11.11, publish_date='2018-1-1', publish_id=1)
    book_list.append(book)
# 操作对象列表，一次操作多少条数据
Book.objects.bulk_create(book_list, 20)

分页器代码

前台

<nav aria-label="Page navigation">
    <ul class="pagination">
        <li>
            {% if current_page.has_previous %}
                <a href="/book/?page={{ current_num|add:-1 }}" aria-label="Previous">
            {% else %}
                <a href="javascript:void(0)" aria-label="Previous">
            {% endif %}
            <span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
            </a>
        </li>
        {% if current_num == 1 %}
            <li class="active">
                {% else %}
            <li>
        {% endif %}
        <a href="/book/?page=1">1</a></li>
        <li><a href="javascript:void(0)">...</a></li>
        {% for num in page_range %}
            {% if current_num == num %}
                <li class="active">
                    {% else %}
                <li>
            {% endif %}
        <a href="/book/?page={{ num }}">{{ num }}</a></li>
        {% endfor %}
        <li><a href="javascript:void(0)">...</a></li>

        {% if current_num == num_pages %}
            <li class="active">
                {% else %}
            <li>
        {% endif %}
        <a href="/book/?page={{ num_pages }}">{{ num_pages }}</a></li>

        <li>
            {% if current_page.has_next %}
                <a href="/book/?page={{ current_num|add:1 }}" aria-label="Next">
            {% else %}
                <a href="javascript:void(0)" aria-label="Next">
            {% endif %}

            <span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
            </a>
        </li>
    </ul>
</nav>

后台

def show_book(request):
    title = '图书详情'
    header = "图书管理系统"
    current_num = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
    book_list = Book.objects.all()
    paginator = Paginator(book_list, 6)
    num_pages = paginator.num_pages
    if num_pages > 5:
    	if current_num < 4:
        	page_range = range(2, 5)
    	elif current_num > paginator.num_pages - 3:
        	page_range = range(num_pages - 3, num_pages)
    	else:
        	page_range = range(current_num - 1, current_num + 2)
    else:
        page_range = paginator.paginator
        
    current_page = paginator.page(current_num)

    return render(request, 'book.html', locals())