SpringBoot 2.1.x 中 Spring Cloud完整入门(Greenwich版本)

参考官方文档
https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/Greenwich.SR1/single/spring-cloud.html)

1.父工程pom文件配置
由于父工程的pom文件能够起到版本依赖的作用，并且其他Module模块均继承该pom文件，所以我们在父工程pom文件中配置spring cloud依赖。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.chenchen</groupId>
    <artifactId>ccdn_parent</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>ccdn_eureka</module>
    </modules>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.9</java.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.9</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.9</maven.compiler.target>
        <mybatisplus-spring-boot-starter.version>1.0.5</mybatisplus-spring-boot-starter.version>
        <mybatisplus.version>2.2.0</mybatisplus.version>
        <fastjson.version>1.2.39</fastjson.version>
        <gson.version>2.8.0</gson.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
            <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

注意：我使用的jdk版本是1.9，而在9以后，jaxb是没有默认加载的，所以需要手动导入一下依赖，如果是8的版本则不需要

<dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
            <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>

2.新建Module（Eureka服务器）
首先我们需要新建Eureka服务注册中心
1>在父工程上右键单击->new->Module->新建Maven工程
2>修改新创建工程的pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>ccdn_parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.chenchen</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>ccdn_eureka</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3>编辑application.yml文件

server:
  port: 6868
spring:
  application:
    name: ccdn-eureka
eureka:
  client:
    # eureka.client.registerWithEureka ：表示是否将自己注册到Eureka Server，默认为true。
    register-with-eureka: false
    # eureka.client.fetchRegistry ：表示是否从Eureka Server获取注册信息，默认为true。因为这是一个单点的Eureka Server，
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8800/eureka/

4>Application启动类

package com.chenchen.eureka;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class, args);
    }
}

5>Run 启动类查看运行效果

到此Eureka注册中心便搭建好了。

3.创建Eureka客户端
1> 在要注册的客户端模块的pom文件中导入依赖

<dependency>
		  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
		  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

2> 修改application.yml配置文件，增加如下配置

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:6868/eureka/
  instance: #在部署到线上时能够跨域访问
    prefer-ip-address: true

3> 在启动类上添加@EnableEurekaClient注解

package com.chenchen.article;
import com.chenchen.common.util.IdWorker;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ArticleApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ArticleApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Bean
	public IdWorker idWorkker(){
		return new IdWorker(1, 1);
	}
	
}

4.查看注册效果

至此Eureka的服务和客户端就已经搭建好了。

4.Eureka客户端之间的调用
在我的父工程下有两个子模块，一个是ccdn_base,另一个是ccdn_qa,这两个模块已经通过上面的步骤完成了Eureka的注册。
下面要通过ccdn_qa调用ccdn_qa中LabelController的findLabelById方法来演示Eureka客户端之间的调用
通俗的讲ccdn_base是生产者，而ccdn_qa是消费者

1> 修改ccdn_qa的pom文件，加入一下依赖

Spring cloud有两种服务调用方式，一种是ribbon+restTemplate，另一种是feign。这里我们采用feign方式。

<dependency>
		  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
		  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>

2> 创建接口类

package com.chenchen.qa.client;

import com.chenchen.common.entity.ResultEntity;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@FeignClient("ccdn-base")
public interface BaseClient {

    /**
     * 根据Id查询标签
     * @param labelId
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/label/{labelId}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ResultEntity findLabelById(@PathVariable("labelId") String labelId);
}

注意：@FeiClient中的参数是服务名，是在application.yml中配置的

并且是不可出现下划线的，这里需要注意一下！！！

4> 在ccdn_qaController中编写方法调用BaseClient接口

@RequestMapping("/problem")
public class ProblemController {

	@Autowired
	private ProblemService problemService;

	@Autowired
	private HttpServletRequest request;

	@Autowired
	private BaseClient baseClient;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/label/{labelId}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public ResultEntity findByLabelId(@PathVariable("labelId") String labelId) {
		ResultEntity result = baseClient.findLabelById(labelId);
		return result;
	}

4>在ccdn_qa启动类上添加@EnableDiscoveryClient和@EnableFeignClients这两个注解，一个是可以发现客户端，两一个是采用Feign的方式

package com.chenchen.qa;
import com.chenchen.common.util.IdWorker;
import com.chenchen.common.util.JwtUtil;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

/**
 * 问答微服务启动类
 * @author chenchen
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class QaApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(QaApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Bean
	public IdWorker idWorkker(){
		return new IdWorker(1, 1);
	}

	@Bean
	public JwtUtil jwtUtil() {
		return new JwtUtil();
	}
}

5> 启动ccdn_eureka,ccdn_base,ccdn_qa这三个服务，在postman中进行测试

测试通过！！！！！

至此一个完整的spring cloud（Greenwich版本）功能便演示成功！