Python第二期-day06

词频统计案例

# 查看单词在文本中出现的次数
text = 'When you face the world alone, no one reaches out a hand for you to hold alone'
### {'When': 2, 'face':33....}
# text是字符串
# 字符串变列表
text = text.replace(',', '')
print(text)
word_list = text.split()
print(word_list)
counts = {}
for word in word_list:
    counts[word] = 0
print(counts)
for word in word_list:
    counts[word] = counts[word] + 1
print(counts)

改进

# 查看单词在文本中出现的次数
text = 'When you face the world alone, no one reaches out a hand for you to hold alone'
### {'When': 2, 'face':33....}
# text是字符串
# 字符串变列表
text = text.replace(',', '')
print(text)
word_list = text.split()
print(word_list)
counts = {}
for word in word_list:
    # counts[word] = counts[word] + 1
    counts[word] = counts.get(word, 0) + 1
print(counts)

集合

# Number  --- > float  int  complex
# string  --- > ''    ""
# list  --- >  []
# tuple  --- >  ()
# dict  --- >  {key: value}  key不能重复, 不可变
# set  --- >  {}  无序不重复
# d = {}
# print(type(d))
a = {112, 333, 'aaa', 'bbb', 333}
print(a)
print(type(a))  # <class 'set'>
# a
# print(a[0]) # TypeError: 'set' object is not subscriptable
# 添加
a.add("张三")
a.add(666)
a.add(666)
a.add(666)
print(a)
# 删除
# pop 弹出集合中一个元素并返回这个删除的元素
print(a.pop())
print(a.pop())
print(a.pop())
print(a)
a.clear()
print(a)  #  set()  tuple() 空集合和元组
# del a
# print(a)
#  主要应用, 去重
from random import randint
ls = [randint(10, 15) for _ in range(10)]
print(ls)
print(set(ls))
print(list(set(ls)))
# 集合推导式
s = {randint(40, 100) for i in range(10)}
print(s)
#  遍历集合
for i in s:
    print(i)

函数

不使用函数

#  函数 function 将重复使用的代码进行封装, 避免了代码的冗余
#  1 ~ 10
#  1 ~ 50
#  1 ~ 100
mySum = 0
for i in range(1, 11):
    mySum += i;
print(mySum)

mySum = 0
for i in range(1, 51):
    mySum += i;
print(mySum)

mySum = 0
for i in range(1, 101):
    mySum += i;
print(mySum)

使用函数

#  函数 function 将重复使用的代码进行封装, 避免了代码的冗余
# 定义函数
# def 函数名(参数...):
#     函数体
# 1 ~ n 累加
def calculateSum(n):
    mySum = 0
    for i in range(1, n + 1):
        mySum += i;
    print(mySum)
# 调用函数
# 函数名(实际参数)
calculateSum(10)
calculateSum(50)
calculateSum(100)

函数分类

## 按照参数和返回值区别:分为四类
from random import randint
#无参无返回
def func1():
    print("hello")
func1()
#有参无返回
def func2(name, age):
    print("hello", name)
    print("age =", age)
func2('eric', 18)
## 返回值是return 后面的表达式  返回值是return的作用: 1返回值2结束函数
#无参有返回
def func3():
    num = randint(-10, 10)
    return num
suijiNum = func3()
print(suijiNum)
#有参有返回
def func4(x, y, z):
    return x + y + z
print(func4(10, 20, 30))