linux基础：centos设置静态ip，修改主机名和ip映射

一、Centos修改静态ip
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    1.切换root用户
        $>su root

    2.编辑/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
        a.备份文件
            $>cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
            $>cp ifcfg-eno16777736 ifcfg-eth0.bak

        b.进入/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
            $>cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

        c.编辑ifcfg-eth0文件
            $>vim ifcfg-eth0
                TYPE=Ethernet                    
                BOOTPROTO=none                    
                DEFROUTE=yes                    
                IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no            
                IPV6INIT=no
                IPV6_AUTOCONF=no
                IPV6_DEFROUTE=no
                IPV6_PEERDNS=no
                IPV6_PEERROUTES=no
                IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
                NAME=eno16777736
                UUID=33f3ce5f-8b5c-41af-90ed-863736e09c29
                DEVICE=eno16777736
                ONBOOT=yes
                IPADDR=192.168.231.200
                PREFIX=24
                GATEWAY=192.168.231.2
                DNS=192.168.231.2

            注意:查看NAT网络的网关地址。
                0)Client机的网卡的DNS和GATEWAY设置为虚拟网卡NAT的网关值。
                1)vmware-->编辑-->虚拟网路编辑器
                2)v8条目
                3)点击"NAT设置"按钮
                4)查看网关地址:192.168.231.2(通常为xxx.xxx.xxx.2)

        e.重启网络服务
            $>su root
            $>service network restart
        
        f.****解决通过ip能够访问网络，通过域名无法访问的问题。*****
            1)编辑/etc/resolv.conf,添加名称服务器，内容是网关地址。
                nameserver 192.168.231.2
            2)保存退出
            
            3)重启服务
                $>su root
                $>service network restart
            4)测试www.baidu.com
                $>ping www.baidu.com

        j.service管理命令查看服务的状态
        $>service server_name status        //语法
        $>service network status
        $>service network start                //启动
        $>service network stop                //停止
        $>service network restart            //重启

二、修改主机名和ip映射
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1.查看主机名    
$>hostname        //显式主机名

2.修改主机名
[/etc/hostname]
s200
    
3.配置主机名和ip地址的映射
    [/etc/hosts]
    127.0.0.1 localhost
    192.168.231.200 s200
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三.windows系统修改本地的host文件

host路径C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/xcvbxv01/article/details/82258234