Servlet：IEDA集成Tomcat；热部署；Servlet执行流程；HttpServlet-HttpServletRequest对象-HttpServletResponse对象；Json类型

1. servlet的版本

• 1.0
• 2.x
• 3.x
• 4.x

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2. 编写写第一个Servlet

• 引入JavaEE(Servlet)规范
  
  

• 编一个Java文件,MyServlet.class

• 配置映射(web.xml)给Tomcat解析

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet01</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.tony.web.MyServlet01</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet02</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.tony.web.MyServlet02</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet01</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet01</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet02</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet02</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

• 打包到Tomcat的安装目录下的webapps目录
  

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3. IDEA中集成Tomcat

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4. IDEA对web项目的热部署

轻量级的修改之后不需要重启就能重新部署;

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这个操作每个项目都需要改

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5. 创建Servlet的其他姿势

了解就行了

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6. Servlet的执行流程

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7. HttpServlet

• HttpServlet是一个抽象类
• 里面定义了一个service(req,resp)方法,需要我们自己编写自定义的Servlet的时候去重写;
• service方法由Tomcat来调用;

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8. HttpServletRequest对象

• 请求数据包的封装对象

• 由Tomcat把浏览器发送的请求数据包进行封装,封装成一个HttpServletRequest对象,然后由Tomcat传递给我们自己编写的Servlet;

  System.out.println("请求方式:" + req.getMethod());
  System.out.println("主机:" + req.getHeader("Host"));
  System.out.println("servletPath:" + req.getServletPath());
  //uri: 统一资源标识符
  System.out.println("uri:" + req.getRequestURI());
  //url:统一资源定位符
  System.out.println("url:" + req.getRequestURL());
  System.out.println("name=" + req.getParameter("name"));
  System.out.println("age=" + req.getParameter("age"));
  //多个值,返回数组
  String[] loves = req.getParameterValues("loves");
  System.out.println(Arrays.toString(loves));
  

http://localhost:8080/servlet02?name=tony&age=18&loves=java&loves=python

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9. HttpServletResponse对象

• 响应对象
• 可以通过响应对象给浏览器返回数据

package com.tony.web;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MyServlet03 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setHeader("Content-Type","text/html;charset=utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().write("<h1>hello</h1>");
    }
}

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10. 常用的MIMETYPE类型

text/html(网页类型)
application/json(json类型)
image/jpg
image/jpeg
image/png
text/css
text/plain(文本类型)

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11. Json类型

{
	"name": "小明",
	"age": 20,
	"loves": ["java", "c++", 30, "拉面"]
}

现在主流的前后端分离开发使用的都是Json作为数据交互的格式

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12. 作业

• 省市联动(纯前端的)
• 预习ajax