通过requests登录店小秘解决验证码问题

登录常用手段就是:

• request.post请求

• selenium等自动化工具

这里讲一下使用requests实现自动登录
网站

现在网站登录基本上都有验证码，requests登录的难点在于将验证码与账号联系起来，这里是cookie和referer。

def login_dianxiaomi():
    """
    店小秘
    将code与账号联系起来的纽带就在cookie和referer，需要考虑登录主页，code获取和登录ajax三方
    """
    i = 0
    while i < 3:
        ts = int(time.time())
        homepage = f'https://www.dianxiaomi.com/index.htm?ts={ts}'  # 主页，这里作为后面的referer
        headers = {
            'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
            'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
            'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
            'Cookie': '_dxm_ad_client_id=C480E8334FD936CCDEB3BA1AD1F98E49F; Hm_lvt_f8001a3f3d9bf5923f780580eb550c0b=1670383137,1670400951; '
                      'JSESSIONID=857D325C586104913A42E668792A8870; dxm_vc=NjlhZDZiOGYwMzk0YzdiYjRlOWJlY2M2OWJiMGY4Y2MhMTY3MDQwMzcxMzg2NQ; '
                      'Hm_lpvt_f8001a3f3d9bf5923f780580eb550c0b=1670403714',  # 直接网页复制获取
            'Host': 'www.dianxiaomi.com',
            'Referer': 'https://www.dianxiaomi.com/home.htm',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/108.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
            }
        res = requests.get(homepage, headers=headers, timeout=30)
        cookie = res.cookies.items()
        jsessionid = cookie[0][1]
        print('homepage jsessionid:', jsessionid)
        # 获取验证码
        url = f'https://www.dianxiaomi.com/verify/code.htm?t={int(time.time() * 1000)}'
        headers = {'Accept': 'image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8',
                    'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
                    'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
                    'Cookie': '_dxm_ad_client_id=C480E8334FD936CCDEB3BA1AD1F98E49F; Hm_lvt_f8001a3f3d9bf5923f780580eb550c0b=1670383137,1670400951;'
                              f'Hm_lpvt_f8001a3f3d9bf5923f780580eb550c0b=1670402174; JSESSIONID={jsessionid}; '   # 这里的jessionid来自主页cookie
                              'dxm_vc=NjlhZDZiOGYwMzk0YzdiYjRlOWJlY2M2OWJiMGY4Y2MhMTY3MDQwMzcxMzg2NQ',
                    'Host': 'www.dianxiaomi.com',
                    'Referer': f'https://www.dianxiaomi.com/index.htm?ts={ts}',
                    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/108.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
                   }
        res = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=30)
        cookie = res.cookies.items()
        print('code cookie:', cookie)
        if len(cookie) == 1:
            i += 1
            print('code url cookie not right', f'try {i} times')
            continue
        code_jsessionid = cookie[0][1]
        code_dxm_vc = cookie[1][1]
        with open('dianxiaomi.png', 'wb') as f:
            f.write(res.content)
        # 图像二值化
        im = Image.open('dianxiaomi.png')
        img_gray = im.convert('L')
        img_gray.save('dianxiaomi.png')
        code = get_code('dianxiaomi.png')
        print('code:', code)

        login_url = 'https://www.dianxiaomi.com/user/userLoginNew2.json'
        headers = {
                    'Accept': 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
                    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
                    'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
                    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/108.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
                    'Referer': f'https://www.dianxiaomi.com/index.htm?ts={ts}',
                    'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
                    'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
                    'Cookie': '_dxm_ad_client_id=C480E8334FD936CCDEB3BA1AD1F98E49F; Hm_lvt_f8001a3f3d9bf5923f780580eb550c0b=1670383137,1670400951; '
                              f'Hm_lpvt_f8001a3f3d9bf5923f780580eb550c0b=1670402174; JSESSIONID={code_jsessionid}; '   # 这里的jessionid和dxm_vc来自请求code的cookie
                              f'dxm_vc={code_dxm_vc}'
                   }
        data = {
            'account': 'xx',
            'password': 'xxx',
            'dxmVerify': code,
            'loginVerifyCode': '',
            'remeber': 'remeber',
            'url': ''
        }
        response = requests.post(login_url, data=data, headers=headers, timeout=30)
        print(response.text)
        # if '有用户在其它地方，登录此账号' in response.text:
        #     print('有用户在其它地方，登录此账号')
        #     return
        res = response.json()
        if res['code'] == -1:
            i += 1
            print(res['error'], f'try {i} times')
            continue
        else:
            # 获取requests请求返回的cookie
            cookie = response.cookies.items()
            print(cookie)
            cookies = ''
            for c in cookie:
                cookies += c[0] + '=' + c[1] + ';'
            print(11, cookies)
            return cookies

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