alternate port和backup port的区别

alternate port 是根端口的替换端口；

backup port 是指定端口的备份端口。

看看思科的解释：

(D：指定端口，R：根端口，A：替换端口，B：备份端口)An alternate port receives more useful BPDUs from another bridge and is a port blocked.

A backup port receives more useful BPDUs from the same bridge it is on and is a port blocked.

大概意思是alternate port接收来自另外一个桥的BPDU报文，backup port接收来自同一桥的BPDU报文。