Jenkins 入门篇

Jenkins使用 - 入门篇

pipeline

1. 安装插件，重启
2. new Item -> pipeline job
3. 编写Jenkinsfile

agent节点

pipeline {
    agent { docker 'maven:3.3.3' }
    stages {
        stage('build') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn --version'
            }
        }
    }
}
# agent 指定docker为maven版本3.3.3的节点

执行命令

windows： bat
Linux、Mac、BSD：sh

超时、重试、更多

单独
retry：重试，指定次数
timeout：超时，指定时间，和单位

pipeline {
    agent any
    stages {
        stage('Deploy') {
            steps {
                retry(3) {
                    sh './flakey-deploy.sh'
                }
                timeout(time: 3, unit: 'MINUTES') {
                    sh './health-check.sh'
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

组合

pipeline {
    agent any
    stages {
        stage('Deploy') {
            steps {
                timeout(time: 3, unit: 'MINUTES') {
                    retry(5) {
                        sh './flakey-deploy.sh'
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

完成时动作post

pipeline {
    agent any
    stages {
        stage('Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'echo "Fail!"; exit 1'
            }
        }
    }
    post {
        always {
            echo 'This will always run'
        }
        success {
            echo 'This will run only if successful'
        }
        failure {
            echo 'This will run only if failed'
        }
        unstable {
            echo 'This will run only if the run was marked as unstable'
        }
        changed {
            echo 'This will run only if the state of the Pipeline has changed'
            echo 'For example, if the Pipeline was previously failing but is now successful'
        }
    }
}
# 对jenkins的执行结果进行处理，执行不同的指令

定义执行环境

配合不同的docker-image来确定不同的环境

pipeline {
    agent {
        docker { image 'node:7-alpine' }
    }
    stages {
        stage('Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'node --version'
            }
        }
    }
}

环境变量environment

pipeline {
	agent any
	
	environment {
		DISABLE_AUTH = 'true'
		DB_ENGINE = 'sqlite'
	}
	
	stages {
		stage('Build') {
			sh 'printenv'
		}
	}
}

##### 记录测试和构建结构
pipeline {
    agent any
    stages {
        stage('Test') {
            steps {
                sh './gradlew check'
            }
        }
    }
    post {
        always {
            junit 'build/reports/**/*.xml'
        }
    }
}
通过archiveArtifacts ：将规则符合的文件上传到jenkins-master
pipeline {
    agent any
    stages {
        stage('Build') {
            steps {
                sh './gradlew build'
            }
        }
        stage('Test') {
            steps {
                sh './gradlew check'
            }
        }
    }

    post {
        always {
            archiveArtifacts artifacts: 'build/libs/**/*.jar', fingerprint: true
            junit 'build/reports/**/*.xml'
        }
    }
}

清理和通知

pipeline {
    agent any
    stages {
        stage('No-op') {
            steps {
                sh 'ls'
            }
        }
    }
    post {
        always {
            echo 'One way or another, I have finished'
            deleteDir() /* clean up our workspace */
        }
        success {
            echo 'I succeeeded!'
        }
        unstable {
            echo 'I am unstable :/'
        }
        failure {
            echo 'I failed :('
        }
        changed {
            echo 'Things were different before...'
        }
    }
}
# 根据不同的结果，多分支执行不同的命令
always
无论流水线或阶段的完成状态如何，都允许在 post 部分运行该步骤。

changed
只有当前流水线或阶段的完成状态与它之前的运行不同时，才允许在 post 部分运行该步骤。

failure
只有当前流水线或阶段的完成状态为"failure"，才允许在 post 部分运行该步骤, 通常web UI是红色。

success
只有当前流水线或阶段的完成状态为"success"，才允许在 post 部分运行该步骤, 通常web UI是蓝色或绿色。

unstable
只有当前流水线或阶段的完成状态为"unstable"，才允许在 post 部分运行该步骤, 通常由于测试失败,代码违规等造成。通常web UI是黄色。

aborted
只有当前流水线或阶段的完成状态为"aborted"，才允许在 post 部分运行该步骤, 通常由于流水线被手动的aborted。通常web UI是灰色。

电子邮箱

post {
    failure {
        mail to: 'team@example.com',
             subject: "Failed Pipeline: ${currentBuild.fullDisplayName}",
             body: "Something is wrong with ${env.BUILD_URL}"
    }
}

Hipchat 
post {
    failure {
        hipchatSend message: "Attention @here ${env.JOB_NAME} #${env.BUILD_NUMBER} has failed.",
                    color: 'RED'
    }
}

Slack
post {
    success {
        slackSend channel: '#ops-room',
                  color: 'good',
                  message: "The pipeline ${currentBuild.fullDisplayName} completed successfully."
    }
}
# 可以通过邮箱、Hiphat、slack等团队协同工具通知相关人员结果

人工确认input

stage('Sanity check') {
	steps {
		input "Does the staging environment look ok?"
	}
}
# 需要手动确认是否继续执行

示例：Maven构建Java项目

创建pipelien job，配置git仓库和密钥，编写pipeline

pipeline {
    agent {
        docker {
            image 'maven:3-alpine' 
            args '-v /root/.m2:/root/.m2' 
        }
    }
    stages {
        stage('Build') { 
            steps {
                sh 'mvn -B -DskipTests clean package' 
            }
        }
		stage('Test') { 
            steps {
                sh 'mvn test' 
            }
			post {
                always {
                    junit 'target/surefire-reports/*.xml' 
                }
            }
        }
		stage('Deliver') {
            steps {
                sh './jenkins/scripts/deliver.sh'
            }
        }
    }
}

# 运行在maven docker容器内，挂载目录在~/.m2/下