http请求与响应，客户端与服务端接口开发

一个项目去请求另一个项目资源，此时作为客户端。
一个项目被另一个项目请求获取资源，此时作为服务端。
一个项目可能既是客户端又是服务端。

下面是client接口和server接口开发例子，可直接运行，亲测有效。

请求接口使用HttpClient：

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public  class MyFirstHttpReq {

    public static void doGet() throws IOException {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8080/httplearn_Web_exploded/MyfirstHttpResp?name=zhengym&id=111");
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
        //建立的http连接，仍旧被response保持着，允许我们从网络socket中获取返回的数据
        //为了释放资源，我们必须手动消耗掉response或者取消连接（使用CloseableHttpResponse类的close方法）

        try {

            System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
        } finally {
            response.close();
        }

    }

    public void doPost() throws IOException {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/httplearn_Web_exploded/MyfirstHttpResp");
//拼接参数
        List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
        nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "vip"));
        nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "secret"));
        httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps));
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        try
        {
            System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
        }
        finally
        {
            response.close();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        MyFirstHttpReq.doGet();
    }

}

作为服务端接口使用servlet:

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;

public class MyFirstHttpResp extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String ip = req.getRequestURI();
        Map<String, String[]> map = req.getParameterMap();
        StringBuffer inputString = new StringBuffer();
        for (String key:map.keySet()) {
            inputString.append(key);
            inputString.append("=");
            inputString.append(Arrays.toString(map.get(key)));
        }
        System.out.println(inputString.toString());
        resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String ip = req.getRequestURI();
        BufferedReader reader = req.getReader();
        String line = "";
        StringBuffer inputString = new StringBuffer();
        while ((line = reader.readLine())!=null) {
            inputString.append(line);
        }
        System.out.println(inputString);
        resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
    }
}