在Spring中,我们经常会通过以下几种方式来定义Bean:
1. <bean/>
2. @Bean
3. @Component(@Service,@Controller)
现在,我们使用第二种和第三种方式较多,要实例化某个类,直接加上@Component注解就可以了,但是在Spring早期的版本都是通过XML配置文件来定义Bean,这是我们的传统手艺,理解了配置文件的解析有助于后面Spring源码的学习。
首先我们进入Spring容器初始化的核心方法——AbstractApplicationContext.refresh()方法中的 obtainFreshBeanFactory() 方法,负责把解析出来的XML标签封装成 BeanDefinition 对象:
/*
* TODO
* 1、创建BeanFactory对象
* 2、xml解析
* 传统标签解析:bean、import等
* 自定义标签解析 如:<context:component-scan base-package="com.xiangxue.jack"/>
* 自定义标签解析流程:
* a、根据当前解析标签的头信息找到对应的namespaceUri
* b、加载spring所有jar中的spring.handlers文件。并建立映射关系
* c、根据namespaceUri从映射关系中找到对应的实现了NamespaceHandler接口的类
* d、调用类的init方法,init方法是注册了各种自定义标签的解析类
* e、根据namespaceUri找到对应的解析类,然后调用paser方法完成标签解析
* 3、把解析出来的xml标签封装成BeanDefinition对象
*/
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
进入AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory()方法:
@Override
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
// TODO 如果BeanFactory不为空,则清除BeanFactory和里面的实例
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
destroyBeans();
closeBeanFactory();
}
try {
// TODO 创建DefaultListableBeanFactory
// BeanFactory 实例工厂
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
// TODO 设置是否可以循环依赖 allowCircularReferences
// TODO 是否允许使用相同名称重新注册不同的bean实现.
customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// TODO 解析XML,并把XML中的标签封装成BeanDefinition对象
loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
}
}
进入AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory)方法:
@Override
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
// Create a new XmlBeanDefinitionReader for the given BeanFactory.
// TODO 创建xml解析器,这里是委托模式
XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
// Configure the bean definition reader with this context's resource loading environment.
beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
//TODO 这里传一个this进去,因为ApplicationContext实现了ResourceLoader接口
beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));
// Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,
// then proceed with actually loading the bean definitions.
initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
// TODO 主要看这个方法 重要程度 5
loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
}
1. 创建xml解析器BeanDefinitionReader,这里运用了委托模式:XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
顺便多说两句,这些BeanDefinitionReader在我们日常工作中使用很少,但在Spring源码中用得多,相当于Spring源码的基础设施。还有一个AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader,这个Reader可以直接把某个类转换为BeanDefinition,并解析该类上的注解,举例:
@Test
public void testXmlBeanDefinitionReader() {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ScanBean.class);
AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader annotatedBeanDefinitionReader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(applicationContext);
// 将Teacher.class解析为BeanDefinition
annotatedBeanDefinitionReader.register(Teacher.class);
System.out.println(applicationContext.getBean("teacher"));
}
注意:它能解析的注解是:@Conditional,@Scope、@Lazy、@Primary、@DependsOn、
@Role、@Description
进入AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader)方法:
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
if (configResources != null) {
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
}
// TODO 获取需要加载的XML配置文件
String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
if (configLocations != null) {
// 委托给XmlBeanDefinitionReader来进行解析
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
}
}
2. 通过 Reader 对象加载配置文件:reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
进入AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions()方法:
@Override
public int loadBeanDefinitions(String... locations) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.notNull(locations, "Location array must not be null");
int count = 0;
// 配置文件有多个,加载多个配置文件
for (String location : locations) {
// 调用父类loadBeanDefinitions方法
count += loadBeanDefinitions(location);
}
return count;
}
进入 loadBeanDefinitions()的重载方法
所属类:org.springframework.context.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader
// TODO 字符串类型的XML文件路径,转换成Resource对象类型
public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location, @Nullable Set<Resource> actualResources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
// 获取上下文对象
ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();
if (resourceLoader == null) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Cannot load bean definitions from location [" + location + "]: no ResourceLoader available");
}
if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) {
// Resource pattern matching available.
try {
// 把字符串类型的XML文件路径,形如:classpath*:user/**/*-context.xml转换成Resource对象类型,
// 其实就是用流的方式加载配置文件,然后封装成Resource对象,不重要,可以不看
Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location);
// TODO 主要看这个方法 ** 重要程度 5
int count = loadBeanDefinitions(resources);
if (actualResources != null) {
Collections.addAll(actualResources, resources);
}
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from location pattern [" + location + "]");
}
return count;
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Could not resolve bean definition resource pattern [" + location + "]", ex);
}
}
else {
// Can only load single resources by absolute URL.
Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location);
int count = loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
if (actualResources != null) {
actualResources.add(resource);
}
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from location [" + location + "]");
}
return count;
}
}
进入 loadBeanDefinitions()的重载方法:
所属类:org.springframework.context.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader
@Override
public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource... resources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.notNull(resources, "Resource array must not be null");
int count = 0;
for (Resource resource : resources) {
// 模板设计模式,调用到子类中的方法
count += loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
}
return count;
}
进入XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions()方法:
// 获取Resource对象中的xml文件流对象,转换成InputSource对象
public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource);
}
Set<EncodedResource> currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
}
// 获取Resource对象中的XMl文件流对象
try (InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream()) {
// 把文件流对象包装成 InputSource
// 注:InputSource是jdk包org.xml.sax中负责XML文档解析
InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
}
// TODO 主要看这个方法 重要程度 5
return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
}
finally {
currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
}
}
进入XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions()方法:
3. 把配置文件封装成 Document 对象
protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
try {
// 把inputSource封装成Document文件对象,这是jdk的API
Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
// 主要看这个方法,根据解析出来的document对象,拿到里面的标签元素并封装成BeanDefinition
int count = registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from " + resource);
}
return count;
}
4. 创建 BeanDefinitionDocumentReader 对象,负责对 document 对象解析
// TODO 注册 BeanDefinition 对象
public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
// 又是一个委托模式,委托BeanDefinitionDocumentReader类进行document的解析
BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
// 主要看这个方法,createReaderContext(resource)是XmlReaderContext上下文,封装了XmlBeanDefinitionReader对象
documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
}
进入 registerBeanDefinitions()方法
所属类:org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader
public void registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, XmlReaderContext readerContext) {
this.readerContext = readerContext;
// 主要看这个方法,把root节点传进去
doRegisterBeanDefinitions(doc.getDocumentElement());
}
protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);
if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
// We cannot use Profiles.of(...) since profile expressions are not supported
// in XML config. See SPR-12458 for details.
if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
"] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
}
return;
}
}
}
// 冗余设计,模板方法
preProcessXml(root);
// TODO 主要看这个方法,标签具体解析过程
parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
postProcessXml(root);
this.delegate = parent;
}
进入DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseBeanDefinitions()方法:
5. 这是标签解析的地方,分为默认标签解析和自定义标签解析:
spring的默认标签只有4种:
-
<import/>
-
<alias/>
-
<bean/>
-
<beans/>
像<aop/>
、<context/>
、<mvc/>
等都是自定义标签。
// TODO XML标签的具体解析过程
protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
// 获取根节点
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
// 获取根节点里的所有子节点
NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
// 循环遍历所有子节点,对整个xml文件进行解析
for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
Node node = nl.item(i);
if (node instanceof Element) {
Element ele = (Element) node;
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
// 默认标签解析
parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
}
else {
// 自定义标签解析,通过委托类BeanDefinitionParserDelegate解析
delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
}
}
}
}
else {
delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
}
}
5.1. 默认标签解析
5.1.1 delegate.parseDefaultElement()方法:
// TODO 默认标签的解析
private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
// import标签解析,可看可不看
if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
}
// alias标签解析 别名标签,可看可不看
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
processAliasRegistration(ele);
}
// TODO bean标签,重要程度 5,必须看
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
}
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
// recurse
doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
}
}
重点看bean标签解析:
protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
// 重点看这个方法,重要程度 5 ,解析document,封装成BeanDefinition
BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
if (bdHolder != null) {
// 该方法功能不重要,设计模式重点看一下,装饰者设计模式,加上SPI设计思想
bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
try {
// Register the final decorated instance.
// 完成document到BeanDefinition对象转换后,对BeanDefinition对象进行缓存注册
BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
}
catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
}
// Send registration event.
getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
}
}
进入BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement()方法:
public BeanDefinitionHolder parseBeanDefinitionElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {
——省略不重要代码——
// 检查beanName是否重复
if (containingBean == null) {
checkNameUniqueness(beanName, aliases, ele);
}
// 进入parseBeanDefinitionElement()方法->
AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, beanName, containingBean);
5.1.2 解析后封装成 BeanDefinitionHolder
进入parseBeanDefinitionElement()方法:
所属类:org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader
public AbstractBeanDefinition parseBeanDefinitionElement(
Element ele, String beanName, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {
——省略不重要代码——
try {
// 创建GenericBeanDefinition对象
AbstractBeanDefinition bd = createBeanDefinition(className, parent);
// 解析bean标签的属性,并把解析出来的属性设置到BeanDefinition对象中
parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(ele, beanName, containingBean, bd);
bd.setDescription(DomUtils.getChildElementValueByTagName(ele, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT));
// 解析bean中的meta标签
parseMetaElements(ele, bd);
// 解析bean中的lookup-method标签 重要程度:2,可看可不看
parseLookupOverrideSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());
// 解析bean中的replaced-method标签 重要程度:2,可看可不看
parseReplacedMethodSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());
// 解析bean中的constructor-arg标签 重要程度:2,可看可不看
parseConstructorArgElements(ele, bd);
// 解析bean中的property标签,通过BeanDefinition中的MutablePropertyValues,
// 此类中用List<PropertyValue> propertyValueList集合来封装<property></property>对象
parsePropertyElements(ele, bd);
// 可以不看,用不到
parseQualifierElements(ele, bd);
bd.setResource(this.readerContext.getResource());
bd.setSource(extractSource(ele));
return bd;
}
——省略不重要代码——
进入 parseBeanDefinitionAttributes() 方法,最终的 BeanDefinition 属性在这里统一解析。BeanDefinitionParserDelegate 委托类包含了所有bean 标签元素的属性常量。
所属类:org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate
// 最终的BeanDefinition属性在这里统一解析
public AbstractBeanDefinition parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(Element ele, String beanName,
@Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean, AbstractBeanDefinition bd) {
if (ele.hasAttribute(SINGLETON_ATTRIBUTE)) {
error("Old 1.x 'singleton' attribute in use - upgrade to 'scope' declaration", ele);
}
else if (ele.hasAttribute(SCOPE_ATTRIBUTE)) {
bd.setScope(ele.getAttribute(SCOPE_ATTRIBUTE));
}
else if (containingBean != null) {
// Take default from containing bean in case of an inner bean definition.
bd.setScope(containingBean.getScope());
}
if (ele.hasAttribute(ABSTRACT_ATTRIBUTE)) {
bd.setAbstract(TRUE_VALUE.equals(ele.getAttribute(ABSTRACT_ATTRIBUTE)));
}
String lazyInit = ele.getAttribute(LAZY_INIT_ATTRIBUTE);
if (isDefaultValue(lazyInit)) {
lazyInit = this.defaults.getLazyInit();
}
bd.setLazyInit(TRUE_VALUE.equals(lazyInit));
String autowire = ele.getAttribute(AUTOWIRE_ATTRIBUTE);
bd.setAutowireMode(getAutowireMode(autowire));
if (ele.hasAttribute(DEPENDS_ON_ATTRIBUTE)) {
String dependsOn = ele.getAttribute(DEPENDS_ON_ATTRIBUTE);
bd.setDependsOn(StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(dependsOn, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS));
}
String autowireCandidate = ele.getAttribute(AUTOWIRE_CANDIDATE_ATTRIBUTE);
if (isDefaultValue(autowireCandidate)) {
String candidatePattern = this.defaults.getAutowireCandidates();
if (candidatePattern != null) {
String[] patterns = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(candidatePattern);
bd.setAutowireCandidate(PatternMatchUtils.simpleMatch(patterns, beanName));
}
}
else {
bd.setAutowireCandidate(TRUE_VALUE.equals(autowireCandidate));
}
if (ele.hasAttribute(PRIMARY_ATTRIBUTE)) {
bd.setPrimary(TRUE_VALUE.equals(ele.getAttribute(PRIMARY_ATTRIBUTE)));
}
if (ele.hasAttribute(INIT_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE)) {
String initMethodName = ele.getAttribute(INIT_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE);
bd.setInitMethodName(initMethodName);
}
else if (this.defaults.getInitMethod() != null) {
bd.setInitMethodName(this.defaults.getInitMethod());
bd.setEnforceInitMethod(false);
}
if (ele.hasAttribute(DESTROY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE)) {
String destroyMethodName = ele.getAttribute(DESTROY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE);
bd.setDestroyMethodName(destroyMethodName);
}
else if (this.defaults.getDestroyMethod() != null) {
bd.setDestroyMethodName(this.defaults.getDestroyMethod());
bd.setEnforceDestroyMethod(false);
}
if (ele.hasAttribute(FACTORY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE)) {
bd.setFactoryMethodName(ele.getAttribute(FACTORY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE));
}
if (ele.hasAttribute(FACTORY_BEAN_ATTRIBUTE)) {
bd.setFactoryBeanName(ele.getAttribute(FACTORY_BEAN_ATTRIBUTE));
}
return bd;
}
进入BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parsePropertyElement()解析property标签方法:
public void parsePropertyElement(Element ele, BeanDefinition bd) {
String propertyName = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);
if (!StringUtils.hasLength(propertyName)) {
error("Tag 'property' must have a 'name' attribute", ele);
return;
}
this.parseState.push(new PropertyEntry(propertyName));
try {
if (bd.getPropertyValues().contains(propertyName)) {
error("Multiple 'property' definitions for property '" + propertyName + "'", ele);
return;
}
Object val = parsePropertyValue(ele, bd, propertyName);
PropertyValue pv = new PropertyValue(propertyName, val);
parseMetaElements(ele, pv);
pv.setSource(extractSource(ele));
bd.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue(pv);
}
finally {
this.parseState.pop();
}
}
返回到 DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader的 processBeanDefinition() 方法继续往下走,第一步已经完成 BeanDefinition 的属性解析,返回 BeanDefinitionHolder 对象,接下来要注册
registerBeanDefinition。
5.1.3 注册 BeanDefinition
进入 BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition() 方法:
所属类:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionReaderUtils
public static void registerBeanDefinition(
BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
// Register bean definition under primary name.
String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
// 完成BeanDefinition的注册,重点看,重要程度 5
registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());
// 建立别名和id的映射,这样就可以根据别名获取到id
// Register aliases for bean name, if any.
String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
if (aliases != null) {
for (String alias : aliases) {
registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
}
}
}
进入DefaultListableBeanFactory.registerBeanDefinition()方法:
beanDefinitionNames是list,实例化的时候用;beanDefinitionMap用来放置 beanName 和 beanDefinition 对象。
@Override
public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
——省略不重要代码——
// 先判断BeanDefinition是否已经注册
BeanDefinition existingDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName);
——省略不重要代码——
else {
// 把beanDefinition缓存到map中
this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
// 把beanName放到beanDefinitionNames list中,这个list着重记住,bean实例化的时候需要用到
this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName);
this.manualSingletonNames.remove(beanName);
}
}
}
DefaultListableBeanFactory类的registerBeanDefinition() 方法,最终会把bean名称和beanDefinition放到 Map beanDefinitionMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256)的 容器中,并且把bean名称放到List beanDefinitionNames = new ArrayList<>(256) 的 list容器中缓存起来。
5.2 自定义标签解析
5.2.1 获取自定义标签的 namespace 命令空间
例如: http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
String namespaceUri = getNamespaceURI(ele);
5.2.2 根据命令空间获取 NamespaceHandler 对象
NamespaceUri 和 NamespaceHandler 之间会建立一个映射,Spring 会从所有的 jar 包中扫描 spring.handlers 文件,建立映射关系。
NamespaceHandler handler =
this.readerContext.getNamespaceHandlerResolver().resolve(namespaceUri);
Map handlerMappings = getHandlerMappings();
Object handlerOrClassName = handlerMappings.get(namespaceUri);
spring.handler 文件:
spring.handler中记录了namespaceUri和对应的解析类。
5.2.3 反射获取 NamespaceHandler 实例
NamespaceHandler namespaceHandler =
(NamespaceHandler) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(handlerClass);
5.2.4 调用 init 方法:namespaceHandler.init();
5.2.5 调用 parse 方法
handler.parse(ele, new ParserContext(this.readerContext, this, containingBd));
回到DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseBeanDefinition()方法中的delegate.parseCustomElement()自定义标签解析:
// TODO 自定义标签交给BeanDefinitionParserDelegate 委托类来解析
@Nullable
public BeanDefinition parseCustomElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBd) {
// 获取命名空间的URI
String namespaceUri = getNamespaceURI(ele);
if (namespaceUri == null) {
return null;
}
// SPI设计,获取/META-INF/spring.handers中URI对应的Hander处理类
NamespaceHandler handler = this.readerContext.getNamespaceHandlerResolver().resolve(namespaceUri);
if (handler == null) {
error("Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace [" + namespaceUri + "]", ele);
return null;
}
// 执行 实现类NamespaceHandlerSupport 中的parse 方法
return handler.parse(ele, new ParserContext(this.readerContext, this, containingBd));
}
- a. 获取自定义标签的 namespace 命令空间,例如:http://www.springframework.org/schema/contex;
- b. 根据命令空间获取 NamespaceHandler 对象通过 SPI 机制获取 spring 中所有 jar 包里面的 "META-INF/spring.handlers"文件,并且建立映射关系;
- c. 反射获取 NamespaceHandler 实例;
- d. 调用对应解析类 ContextNameHandler 的 init()方法。
DefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver.resolve()方法:
public NamespaceHandler resolve(String namespaceUri) {
// 获取spring中所有jar包里面的 "META-INF/spring.handlers"文件,并且建立映射关系
Map<String, Object> handlerMappings = getHandlerMappings();
// 根据namespaceUri:http://www.springframework.org/schema/p,获取到命名空间NameHandler的处理类
Object handlerOrClassName = handlerMappings.get(namespaceUri);
else {
String className = (String) handlerOrClassName;
NamespaceHandler namespaceHandler = (NamespaceHandler) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(handlerClass);
// 调用handler处理类的init方法,在init方法中完成标签元素解析类的注册,即注册解析器
namespaceHandler.init();
handlerMappings.put(namespaceUri, namespaceHandler);
return namespaceHandler;
}
}
}
每个NameHander 的 init()方法注册不同标签对应不同的 parse 解析器:
public class ContextNamespaceHandler extends NamespaceHandlerSupport {
@Override
public void init() {
registerBeanDefinitionParser("property-placeholder", new PropertyPlaceholderBeanDefinitionParser());
registerBeanDefinitionParser("property-override", new PropertyOverrideBeanDefinitionParser());
registerBeanDefinitionParser("annotation-config", new AnnotationConfigBeanDefinitionParser());
registerBeanDefinitionParser("component-scan", new ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser());
registerBeanDefinitionParser("load-time-weaver", new LoadTimeWeaverBeanDefinitionParser());
registerBeanDefinitionParser("spring-configured", new SpringConfiguredBeanDefinitionParser());
registerBeanDefinitionParser("mbean-export", new MBeanExportBeanDefinitionParser());
registerBeanDefinitionParser("mbean-server", new MBeanServerBeanDefinitionParser());
}
}
注:每个 NameHander均继承于NamespaceHandlerSupport,如上面的ContextNamespaceHandler。
回到BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement()自定义标签解析方法:
@Nullable
public BeanDefinition parseCustomElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBd) {
// 1.获取namespaceUri
String namespaceUri = getNamespaceURI(ele);
if (namespaceUri == null) {
return null;
}
// 2.获取NamespaceHandler对象
NamespaceHandler handler = this.readerContext.getNamespaceHandlerResolver().resolve(namespaceUri);
if (handler == null) {
error("Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace [" + namespaceUri + "]", ele);
return null;
}
// 3.调用handler.parse()方法
return handler.parse(ele, new ParserContext(this.readerContext, this, containingBd));
}
进入parse()方法:
所属类:org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.NamespaceHandlerSupport
// TODO 委托BeanDefinitionParser类解析元素
public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
// 获取自定义组件名对应的解析方法
BeanDefinitionParser parser = findParserForElement(element, parserContext);
// 调用ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser实现类中的 parse 方法
return (parser != null ? parser.parse(element, parserContext) : null);
}
进入findParserForElement()方法:
所属类:org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.NamespaceHandlerSupport
// TODO 从map中根据组件名称获取绑定的解析方法
private BeanDefinitionParser findParserForElement(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
// 获取组件名称
String localName = parserContext.getDelegate().getLocalName(element);
// Map<String, BeanDefinitionParser> parsers = new HashMap<>()
BeanDefinitionParser parser = this.parsers.get(localName);
if (parser == null) {
parserContext.getReaderContext().fatal(
"Cannot locate BeanDefinitionParser for element [" + localName + "]", element);
}
return parser;
}
此处,this.parsers.get()之所以有值,是因为在/META-INF/spring.handers中URI对应的Hander处理类初始化的时候通过init()方法中执行registerBeanDefinitionParser(),来调用this.parsers.set('标签元素','解析类')设置的。
以 component-scan 标签解析为例,看解析原理:
进入ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse()方法:
a. 获取 base-package 属性
b. 创建注解扫描器 ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(扫描所有.class),ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner继承于ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider类
/*
* TODO 1、扫描路径.class后缀的文件
* 2、要判断类上是否有注解
* 3、GenericBeanDefinition genericBeanDefinition = new GenericBeanDefinition();
* genericBeanDefinition.setBeanClass(BeanClass.class);
* 4、完成beanDefinition注册
*/
@Override
@Nullable
public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
// 1.获取basePackage属性
String basePackage = element.getAttribute(BASE_PACKAGE_ATTRIBUTE);
basePackage = parserContext.getReaderContext().getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(basePackage);
// 可以用逗号分开
String[] basePackages = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(basePackage,
ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS);
// 2.创建注解扫描器
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = configureScanner(parserContext, element);
// 3.扫描并把扫描的类封装成beanDefinition对象,核心方法doScan(),重要程度 5
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = scanner.doScan(basePackages);
// 4.完成组件注册,重要的后置处理类
registerComponents(parserContext.getReaderContext(), beanDefinitions, element);
return null;
}
进入configureScanner()方法,看如何创建注解扫描器:
所属类:org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser
protected ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner configureScanner(ParserContext parserContext, Element element) {
// 使用默认的过滤器
boolean useDefaultFilters = true;
// 使用默认filter @Component、@Service
if (element.hasAttribute(USE_DEFAULT_FILTERS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
useDefaultFilters = Boolean.parseBoolean(element.getAttribute(USE_DEFAULT_FILTERS_ATTRIBUTE));
}
// Delegate bean definition registration to scanner class.
// 创建注解的扫描器,主要看这个方法
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = createScanner(parserContext.getReaderContext(), useDefaultFilters);
scanner.setBeanDefinitionDefaults(parserContext.getDelegate().getBeanDefinitionDefaults());
scanner.setAutowireCandidatePatterns(parserContext.getDelegate().getAutowireCandidatePatterns());
if (element.hasAttribute(RESOURCE_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE)) {
scanner.setResourcePattern(element.getAttribute(RESOURCE_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE));
}
try {
// 解析子标签,不用看
parseBeanNameGenerator(element, scanner);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
parserContext.getReaderContext().error(ex.getMessage(), parserContext.extractSource(element), ex.getCause());
}
try {
// 解析子标签,不用看
parseScope(element, scanner);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
parserContext.getReaderContext().error(ex.getMessage(), parserContext.extractSource(element), ex.getCause());
}
// 扫描含有"include-filter"和"exclude-filter"属性进行解析
parseTypeFilters(element, scanner, parserContext);
return scanner;
}
进入 createScanner()方法:
所属类:org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser
// 创建扫描器
protected ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner createScanner(XmlReaderContext readerContext, boolean useDefaultFilters) {
return new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(readerContext.getRegistry(), useDefaultFilters,
readerContext.getEnvironment(), readerContext.getResourceLoader());
}
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner扫描器中默认扫描的注解类型为 Component.class,因此会扫描@Component 注解和@Service 注解,@Service注解继承自@Component 注解。
public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, boolean useDefaultFilters,
Environment environment, @Nullable ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
this.registry = registry;
// 使用默认的过滤器
if (useDefaultFilters) {
// @Service、@Component
registerDefaultFilters();
}
setEnvironment(environment);
setResourceLoader(resourceLoader);
}
进入registerDefaultFilters()方法,默认的扫描@Component 注解
所属类:org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider
protected void registerDefaultFilters() {
// 过滤器中添加需要扫描的注解类型将注解添加到 AnnotationTypeFilter包装类
this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Component.class));
// 确保类注解是 ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider的类加载器
ClassLoader cl = ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.class.getClassLoader();
try {
this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.annotation.ManagedBean", cl)), false));
logger.trace("JSR-250 'javax.annotation.ManagedBean' found and supported for component scanning");
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
// JSR-250 1.1 API (as included in Java EE 6) not available - simply skip.
}
try {
this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.inject.Named", cl)), false));
logger.trace("JSR-330 'javax.inject.Named' annotation found and supported for component scanning");
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
// JSR-330 API not available - simply skip.
}
}
过滤器将会拦截 @Component 注解标注的类,包括被 @Component 标注的 @Service、@Repository、@Controller。
将拦截到的注解添加到List includeFilters = new LinkedList<>() 容器中。
最后,根据匹配的 metadataReader 生成 ScannedGenericBeanDefinition。
a. 扫描过滤器中添加 include-filter 和 exclude-filter,ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider类中有includeFilters和excludeFilters容器;
private final List<TypeFilter> includeFilters = new LinkedList<>();
private final List<TypeFilter> excludeFilters = new LinkedList<>();
b. 通过 scanner.doScan 方法,扫描封装进 beanDefiniton 对象:
先通过递归扫描 base-package 下的包,扫描出 classpath:/base-package 以.class 结尾的所有文件,然后再判断.class文件中是否有includeFilter中的注解@Component,根据过滤器扫描出具有@Service 和@Component 注解的类添加到对应的集合 Set,封装成BeanDefinition。
至此,注解扫描器创建过程完毕,注解类填充到List中。
接下来,返回 parse() 方法,进入ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan() 方法:
protected Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> doScan(String... basePackages) {
Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
// 扫描到有注解的类并封装成BeanDefinition对象
Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
// 循环扫描
for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {
ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);
candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);
if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);
}
if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
// 支持了@Lazy @DependOn注解
AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);
}
if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {
BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
//这里不看
definitionHolder =
AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);
// BeanDefinition注册
registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
}
}
}
return beanDefinitions;
}
进入ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.findCandidateComponents()方法,扫描候选的组件:
public Set<BeanDefinition> findCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
if (this.componentsIndex != null && indexSupportsIncludeFilters()) {
return addCandidateComponentsFromIndex(this.componentsIndex, basePackage);
}
else {
// 扫描候选组件
return scanCandidateComponents(basePackage);
}
}
进入scanCandidateComponents(basePackage)方法:
private Set<BeanDefinition> scanCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>();
try {
String packageSearchPath = ResourcePatternResolver.CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX +
resolveBasePackage(basePackage) + '/' + this.resourcePattern;
// 这里递归寻找文件
Resource[] resources = getResourcePatternResolver().getResources(packageSearchPath);
boolean traceEnabled = logger.isTraceEnabled();
boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
for (Resource resource : resources) {
if (traceEnabled) {
logger.trace("Scanning " + resource);
}
if (resource.isReadable()) {
try {
// 包装了类的基本信息的对象
MetadataReader metadataReader = getMetadataReaderFactory().getMetadataReader(resource);
// 如果类上有includeFilter包含的注解,即满足条件的类
if (isCandidateComponent(metadataReader)) {
ScannedGenericBeanDefinition sbd = new ScannedGenericBeanDefinition(metadataReader);
sbd.setResource(resource);
sbd.setSource(resource);
回到 ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan() 方法中的AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(candidate) 方法:
public static void processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(AnnotatedBeanDefinition abd) {
processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(abd, abd.getMetadata());
}
进入AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations()方法,AnnotatedTypeMetadata类中封装了收集到的所有注解,把有的注解添加到AnnotatedBeanDefinition(继承自GeniercBeanDefinition)。
static void processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(AnnotatedBeanDefinition abd, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {
// 对@Lazy注解支持
AnnotationAttributes lazy = attributesFor(metadata, Lazy.class);
if (lazy != null) {
abd.setLazyInit(lazy.getBoolean("value"));
}
else if (abd.getMetadata() != metadata) {
lazy = attributesFor(abd.getMetadata(), Lazy.class);
if (lazy != null) {
abd.setLazyInit(lazy.getBoolean("value"));
}
}
if (metadata.isAnnotated(Primary.class.getName())) {
abd.setPrimary(true);
}
// 对@DependsOn注解支持
AnnotationAttributes dependsOn = attributesFor(metadata, DependsOn.class);
if (dependsOn != null) {
abd.setDependsOn(dependsOn.getStringArray("value"));
}
AnnotationAttributes role = attributesFor(metadata, Role.class);
if (role != null) {
abd.setRole(role.getNumber("value").intValue());
}
AnnotationAttributes description = attributesFor(metadata, Description.class);
if (description != null) {
abd.setDescription(description.getString("value"));
}
}
注册:回到ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan()方法,进入 BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition()方法:
BeanDefinitionRegistry的类型是BeanFactory类型,因为BeanFactory实现了BeanDefinitionRegistry接口,BeanDefinitionRegistry接口有个方法registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefiniton beanDefiniton),用来注册BeanDefinition,只有完成了注册,Spring容器才能拿到。
/**
* TODO : 向指定的bean工厂注册BeanDefinition
*/
public static void registerBeanDefinition(
BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
// Register bean definition under primary name.
String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
// 完成BeanDefinition的注册,重点看,重要程度 5
registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());
// 建立别名和 id的映射,这样就可以根据别名获取到id
// Register aliases for bean name, if any.
String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
if (aliases != null) {
for (String alias : aliases) {
registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
}
}
}
注册的核心思想就是把BeanDefinition注册到DefaultListableBeanFactory中
进入registerBeanDefinition()方法,最终完成自定义标签的注册。
所属类:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory
public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name must not be empty");
Assert.notNull(beanDefinition, "BeanDefinition must not be null");
if (beanDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
try {
((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDefinition).validate();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Validation of bean definition failed", ex);
}
}
// 先判断 BeanDefinition是否已经注册
BeanDefinition existingDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName);
if (existingDefinition != null) {
if (!isAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding()) {
throw new BeanDefinitionOverrideException(beanName, beanDefinition, existingDefinition);
}
// ...... 省略 ......
else {
// 把 beanDefinition 缓存到map中
this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
//把 beanName 放到 beanDefinitionNames list中,bean实例化的时候需要用到
this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName);
this.manualSingletonNames.remove(beanName);
}
this.frozenBeanDefinitionNames = null;
}
if (existingDefinition != null || containsSingleton(beanName)) {
resetBeanDefinition(beanName);
}
}
回到 ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse()方法, 进入 registerComponents() 注册组件方法:
protected void registerComponents(
XmlReaderContext readerContext, Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions, Element element) {
——省略不重要代码——
if (annotationConfig) {
// TODO 注册组件,这里注册了几个比较重要的BeanPostProcessor类
// AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor,ConfigurationClassPostProcessor,CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> processorDefinitions =
AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(readerContext.getRegistry(), source);
for (BeanDefinitionHolder processorDefinition : processorDefinitions) {
compositeDef.addNestedComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(processorDefinition));
}
}
readerContext.fireComponentRegistered(compositeDef);
}
进入AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(readerContext.getRegistry(), source)方法,这里面注册了几个比较重要的类:
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor:扫描解析@Configuration、@Component、@Bean 注解的解析;
AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:扫描解析@Value 和@Autowired 注解;
CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:扫描解析@Resource 注解。
public static Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) {
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = unwrapDefaultListableBeanFactory(registry);
if (beanFactory != null) {
if (!(beanFactory.getDependencyComparator() instanceof AnnotationAwareOrderComparator)) {
beanFactory.setDependencyComparator(AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
}
if (!(beanFactory.getAutowireCandidateResolver() instanceof ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver)) {
beanFactory.setAutowireCandidateResolver(new ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver());
}
}
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefs = new LinkedHashSet<>(8);
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
//TODO 把ConfigurationClassPostProcessor风转成BeanDefinition,并
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
// Check for JSR-250 support, and if present add the CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
if (jsr250Present && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
——省略不重要代码——
至此,自定义标签的解析过程全部完成。最终解析的标签封装成 BeanDefinition 并在Map容器缓存起来,把beanName放到了beanNames(一个list)。
同时,核心方法refresh()中的 obtainFreshBeanFactory()方法也执行完成,解析出来的xml标签封装成BeanDefinition对象,然后通过getBeanFactory()方法返回 ConfigurableListableBeanFactory对象,至此创建填充BeanFactory的功能也全部完成。