Hibernate 的表关系设计
一个Product对应一个Category
一个Category对应多个Product
先设置多对一的关系,先准备Category.java和Category.hbm.xml和Category和在hibernate.cfg.xml中增加Category的映射。
为Product.java增加Category属性:
- package com.how2java.pojo;
- public class Product {
- int id;
- String name;
- float price;
- Category category;//增加category属性并增加get和set方法
- public Category getCategory() {
- return category;
- }
- public void setCategory(Category category) {
- this.category = category;
- }
- public int getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(int id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public float getPrice() {
- return price;
- }
- public void setPrice(float price) {
- this.price = price;
- }
- }
在Product.hbm.xml中设置Category 多对一关系:
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo">
- <class name="Product" table="product_">
- <id name="id" column="id">
- <generator class="native">
- </generator>
- </id>
- <property name="name" />
- <property name="price" />
- <many-to-one name="category" class="Category" column="cid" /><!--使用many-to-one 标签设置多对一关系 name="category" 对应Product类中的category属性 class="Category" 表示对应Category类 column="cid" 表示指向 category_表的外键 -->
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
TestHibernate 测试many-to-one关系:
- package com.how2java.test;
- import org.hibernate.Session;
- import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
- import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
- import com.how2java.pojo.Category;
- import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
- public class TestHibernate {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
- Session s = sf.openSession();
- s.beginTransaction();
- //核心代码,在这个测试例子中,增加了一个新的Category对象"c1" 并将其设置为id=8的product的category
- Category c =new Category();
- c.setName("c1");
- s.save(c);
- Product p = (Product) s.get(Product.class, 8);
- p.setCategory(c);
- s.update(p);
- s.getTransaction().commit();
- s.close();
- sf.close();
- }
- }
接着实现一对多的关系:Category和Product是一对多的关系。
为Category增加一个Set集合:
- package com.how2java.pojo;
- import java.util.Set;
- public class Category {
- public int getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(int id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- int id;
- String name;
- Set<Product> products;//核心代码,增加一个set集合
- public Set<Product> getProducts() {
- return products;
- }
- public void setProducts(Set<Product> products) {
- this.products = products;
- }
- }
为Category.hbm.xml增加one-to-many映射:
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo">
- <class name="Category" table="category_">
- <id name="id" column="id">
- <generator class="native">
- </generator>
- </id>
- <property name="name" />
- <!--核心代码-->
- <set name="products" lazy="false"><!--set 用于设置一对多(多对多也是他)关系,也可以用list,设置稍复杂点,这里使用简单的set来入门。name="products" 对应 Category类中的products属性。lazy="false" 表示不使用延迟加载。 -->
- <key column="cid" not-null="false" /><!-- 表示外键是cid,可以为空-->
- <one-to-many class="Product" /><!-- 表示一对多所对应的类是Product-->
- </set>
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
TestHibernate 测试one-to-many关系
- package com.how2java.test;
- import java.util.Set;
- import org.hibernate.Session;
- import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
- import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
- import com.how2java.pojo.Category;
- import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
- public class TestHibernate {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
- Session s = sf.openSession();
- s.beginTransaction();
- //核心代码
- Category c = (Category) s.get(Category.class, 1);
- Set<Product> ps = c.getProducts();
- for (Product p : ps) {
- System.out.println(p.getName());
- }
- s.getTransaction().commit();
- s.close();
- sf.close();
- }
- }
多对多关系的设置:
一种Product可以被多个User购买
一个User可以购买多种Product
所以Product和User之间的关系是多对多 many-to-many
要实现多对多关系,必须有一张中间表 user_product 用于维护 User和Product之间的关系
先准备User.java和User.hbm.xml。
- package com.how2java.pojo;
- import java.util.Set;
- public class User {
- int id;
- String name;
- Set<Product> products;
- public int getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(int id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public Set<Product> getProducts() {
- return products;
- }
- public void setProducts(Set<Product> products) {
- this.products = products;
- }
- }
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo">
- <class name="User" table="user_">
- <id name="id" column="id">
- <generator class="native">
- </generator>
- </id>
- <property name="name" />
- <!-- 核心代码,products是USer自带,然后再user_product表中,user对应uid,product对应pid-->
- <set name="products" table="user_product" lazy="false">
- <key column="uid" />
- <many-to-many column="pid" class="Product" />
- </set>
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
Product.java增加了对应Users的集合
- package com.how2java.pojo;
- import java.util.Set;
- public class Product {
- int id;
- String name;
- float price;
- Category category;
- Set<User> users;//增加对应的Users和set方法和get方法
- public Set<User> getUsers() {
- return users;
- }
- public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {
- this.users = users;
- }
- public Category getCategory() {
- return category;
- }
- public void setCategory(Category category) {
- this.category = category;
- }
- public int getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(int id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public float getPrice() {
- return price;
- }
- public void setPrice(float price) {
- this.price = price;
- }
- }
Product.hbm.xml的设置同理:
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo">
- <class name="Product" table="product_">
- <id name="id" column="id">
- <generator class="native">
- </generator>
- </id>
- <property name="name" />
- <property name="price" />
- <many-to-one name="category" class="Category" column="cid" />
- <!-- 核心代码-->
- <set name="users" table="user_product" lazy="false">
- <key column="pid" />
- <many-to-many column="uid" class="User" />
- </set>
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
在hibernate.cfg.xml中增加User的映射。
TestHibernate 测试many-to-many关系
首先增加3个用户
然后演示产品1被用户1,2,3购买。
- package com.how2java.test;
- import java.util.HashSet;
- import java.util.Set;
- import org.hibernate.Session;
- import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
- import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
- import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
- import com.how2java.pojo.User;
- public class TestHibernate {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
- Session s = sf.openSession();
- s.beginTransaction();
- //增加3个用户
- Set<User> users = new HashSet();
- for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
- User u =new User();
- u.setName("user"+i);
- users.add(u);
- s.save(u);
- }
- //产品1被用户1,2,3购买
- Product p1 = (Product) s.get(Product.class, 1);
- p1.setUsers(users);
- s.save(p1);
- s.getTransaction().commit();
- s.close();
- sf.close();
- }
- }