C++PrimerPlus 第三章 处理数据(编程练习)
1、编写一个小程序,要求用户使用一个整数指出自己的身高(单位为英寸),然后将身高转换为英尺和英寸。该程序使用下划线字符来指示输入位置。另外,使用一个const符号常量来表示转换因子。
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int FEET_TO_INCH = 12;
int height;
cout << "Please enter your height(in inch): ___\b\b\b";
cin >> height;
int feet = height / FEET_PRE_INCH;
int inch = height % FEET_PRE_INCH;
cout << "Your height is " << feet << " feet and " << inch << " inch" << endl;
return 0;
}
2、编写一个小程序,要求以几英尺几英寸的方式输入其身高,并以磅为单位输入其体重。(使用3个变量来存储这些信息。)该程序报告其BMI(Body Mass Index,体重指数)。为了计算BMI,该程序以英寸的方式指出用户的身高(1英尺为12英寸),并将以英寸为单位的身高转换为以米为单位的身高(1英寸=0.0254米)。然后,将以磅为单位的体重转换为以千克为单位的体重(1千克=2.2磅)。最后,计算相应的BMI——体重(千克)除以身高(米)的平方。用符号常量表示各种转换因子。
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int FEET_TO_INCH = 12;
const float INCH_TO_METER = 0.0254f;
const float KG_TO_POUND = 2.2f;
cout << "Please enter your height!" << endl;
cout << "Feet:______\b\b\b\b\b\b";
int height_feet;
cin >> height_feet;
cout << "Inch:_______\b\b\b\b\b\b";
int height_inch;
cin >> height_inch;
cout << "Please enter your weight!" << endl;
cout << "Pound:______\b\b\b\b\b\b";
float weight_pound;
cin >> weight_pound;
float weight_KG = weight_pound / KG_TO_POUND;
float height_meter = (height_feet * FEET_TO_INCH + height_inch) * INCH_TO_METER;
float BMI = weight_KG / (height_meter * height_meter);
cout << "Your BMI is " << BMI << endl;
return 0;
}
3、编写一个程序,要求用户以度、分、秒的方式输入一个纬度,然后以度为单位显示该纬度。1度为60分,1分等于60秒,请以符号常量的方式表示这些值。对于每个输入值,应使用一个独立的变量存储它。下面是该程序运行时的情况:
Enter a latitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds:
First, enter the degrees: 37
Next, enter the minutes of arc: 51
Finally, enter the seconds of arc: 19
37 degrees, 51 minutes, 19 seconds = 37.8553 degrees
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int DGREE_TO_MINUTE = 60;
const int DGREE_TO_SECOND = 60*60;
cout << "Enter a latitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds:" << endl;
cout << "First, enter the degrees: ";
int degree;
cin >> degree;
cout << "Next, enter the minutes of arc: ";
int minute;
cin >> minute;
cout << "Finally, enter the seconds of arc: ";
int second;
cin >> second;
double degrees = degree + (double)minute / DGREE_TO_MINUTE + (double)second / DGREE_TO_SECOND;
cout << degree << " degrees, ";
cout << minute << " minutes, ";
cout << second << " seconds = ";
cout << degrees << " degrees." << endl;
return 0;
}
4、编写一个程序,要求用户以整数方式输入秒数(使用long或long long变量存储),然后以天、小时、分钟和秒的方式显示这段时间。使用符号常量来表示每天有多少小时、每小时有多少分钟以及每分钟有多少秒。该程序的输出应与下面类似:
Enter the number of seconds: 31600000
31600000 seconds = 365 days, 17 hours, 46 minutes, 40 seconds
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int SECOND__TO_MINUTE = 60;
const int MINUTE_TO_HOUR = 60;
const int HOUR_TO_DAY = 24;
cout << "Enter the number of seconds: ";
int all_seconds;
cin >> all_seconds;
int seconds = all_seconds % SECOND__TO_MINUTE;
int all_minutes = all_seconds / SECOND__TO_MINUTE;
int minutes = all_minutes % MINUTE_TO_HOUR;
int all_hours = all_minutes / MINUTE_TO_HOUR;
int hours = all_hours % HOUR_TO_DAY;
int days = all_hours / HOUR_TO_DAY;
cout << all_seconds << " seconds = ";
cout << days << " days, ";
cout << hours << " hours, ";
cout << minutes << " minutes, ";
cout << seconds << "seconds.";
return 0;
}
5、编写一个程序,要求用户输入全球当前的人口和美国当前的人口(或其他国家的人口)。将这些信息存储在long long变量中,并让程序显示美国(或其他国家)的人口占全球人口的百分比。该程序的输出应与下面类似:
Enter the world’s population: 6898758899
Enter the population of the US: 310783781
The population of the US is 4.50492% of the world population
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Enter the world’s population:__________\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b";
long long int pop_world;
cin >> pop_world;
cout << "Enter the US’s population:__________\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b";
long long int pop_US;
cin >> pop_US;
double rate = (double)pop_US / (double)pop_world * 100;
cout << "The population of the US is " << rate << "% of the world population" << endl;
return 0;
}
6、编写一个程序,要求用户输入驱车里程(英里)和使用汽油量(加仑),然后指出汽车耗油量为一加仑的里程。如果愿意,也可以让程序要求用户以公里为单位输入距离,并以升为单位输入汽油量,然后指出欧洲风格的结果——即每100公里的耗油量(升)。
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Please enter the distance(mile): ";
float miles;
cin >> miles;
cout << "Please enter the gasoline amount(gallon): ";
float gallons;
cin >> gallons;
cout << "Wasting a gallon gasoline run " << miles / gallons << " miles." << endl;
cout << "Do you want to know how much oil is consumed per 100 kilometers?(if you want, please enter 1)" << endl;
int value;
cin >> value;
if (value == 1) {
cout << "Please enter the distance(kilometer):";
float kilometers;
cin >> kilometers;
cout << "Please enter the gasoline amount(liter):";
float liter;
cin >> liter;
cout << "Wasting gasoline per 100 kilometers is " << liter / kilometers * 100 << " liters." << endl;
return 0;
}
else {
return 0;
}
}
7、编写一个程序,要求用户按欧洲风格输入汽车的耗油量(每100公里消耗的汽油量(升)),然后将其转换为美国风格的耗油量——每加仑多少英里。注意,除了使用不同的单位计量外,美国方法(距离/燃料)与欧洲方法(燃料/距离)相反。100公里等于62.14英里,1加仑等于3.875升。因此,19mpg大约合12.41/100km,127mpg大约合8.71/100km。
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const float KILO100_TO_MILE = 62.14;
const float GALLON_TO_LITER = 3.875;
cout << "Please enter European style fuel consumption: ";
float european;
cin >> european;
float gallon = european / GALLON_TO_LITER;
float miles = KILO100_TO_MILE;
cout << european << " L/100KM = " << miles / gallon << " mpg." << endl;
return 0;
}